13468-9-151P

AID: 1825 | 28/11/2014

(a)
Show the four processes of an air-standard cycle on

Show the four processes of an air-standard cycle on

P v

T s

diagram as in Figure (1).

diagram as in Figure (2).

(b)

Ti

Pi

ui

hi

Pri

vi

For the given air-standard cycle, let , , , ,

and
be the temperature,
pressure, specific internal energy, specific enthalpy, specific volume and relative pressure
i th
of air at
state respectively.
Use ideal-gas properties of air table, to find specific internal energy and specific
T1
enthalpy of air at 300 K
.
u1 214.07 kJ kg
h1 300.19 kJ kg

Express the ideal gas relation of air for the process 1-2.
P2 v2 Pv
11
T2
T1
(1)

v2 v1
For process 1-2, volume remains constant, hence
. Rearrange Equation (1), and
P2
P1
T1
T2
substitute 300 kPa for , 100 kPa for , and 300 K for to find .
P
T2 2 T1
P1
300 kPa
300 K
100 kPa

900 K

h2
Use ideal-gas properties of air table, to find the
h2 932.93kJ kg

T2

u2
, and

at 900 K

u2 674.58 kJ kg

P , h ,u
r3

Use ideal-gas properties of air table, to find the properties

T3
.
Pr3 330.9
h3 1,395.97 kJ kg
u3 1, 022.82 kJ kg

of air at 1300 K

Express the pressure and relative pressure relation for the process 3-4.
P
Pr4 4 Pr3
P3

P4

Pr3

P3

Substitute 100 kPa for , 300 kPa for

100 kPa
Pr4
330.9
300 kPa

, and 330.9 for

Pr4

to find

110.3

P
r4

Use ideal-gas properties of air table, to find the specific enthalpy of air at 110.3
h4
Use interpolation method to find .

Pr4 Pr @T 980
h4 h@ Pr 105.2 h@ Pr 114 h@ Pr 105.2
Pr @ T 1000 Pr @T 980

110.3 105.2
1, 023.25 1, 046.04 1, 023.25

114.0 105.2
1, 036.46 kJ kg

qin
Find the heat input for the air-standard cycle
qin q12,in q23,in

u2 u1 h3 h2
q12,in

Here, the heat added during the process 1-2 is

q23,in
process 2-3 is
.

u2

674.58 kJ kg

Substitute
932.93kJ kg

for

, and the heat added during the

u1

214.07 kJ kg

for

for

h2

for .
qin 674.58 214.07 c 1,395.97 932.93 kJ kg

923.55 kJ kg

qout
Find the heat rejected for the air-standard cycle
qout h4 h1
300.19 kJ kg

h1

h4

1, 036.46 kJ kg

Substitute
for , and
qout 1, 036.46 300.19 kJ kg

for

736.27 kJ kg

wnet
Find the net work output for the air-standard cycle
wnet qin qout
736.27 kJ kg

qout

qin

923.55 kJ kg

Substitute
for
, and
wnet 923.55 736.27 kJ kg

for

187.28 kJ kg
187.28 kJ kg
Hence, the net work output for the air-standard cycle is

(c)

th
Find the thermal efficiency of the air-standard cycle
w
th net
qin
187.28 kJ kg

Substitute

for
187.28kJ kg
th
923.55 kJ kg
0.203
20.3%

wnet

qin

923.55 kJ kg

, and

for

h3

1, 395.97 kJ kg

, and

20.3%
Hence, the thermal efficiency of the given air-standard cycle is