bghJ ghll - 2009 j

j
bghJ ghll 2009

Kj tF Kj gjh tF tiu
KDiu
X d jid dkhf milahsgL bfht bkh f Ka l
twJ. xnth dDila th brGikia, gghL TWfis
bkh j clhf bfhLsJ. bkh Clhfnt, xbthU kjD j
milahsij njLwh. bkh tahfnt wh. bkh mslfa
Mw fJ; czf Joghf, fUJ gkhw fUahf ftJ.
j giHik Jik iwj bkh; caj brbkhahf ftJ.
jF w thj jhbkhah jiH FHij jh thG NH bgnwh,
cwh, cwd ngRtj thyhf nfwJ. nfl bria cthbfhL
jhD ngr bjhlFwJ; bragl bjhlFwJ. bkhF csls
czfis J bfhwJ.
uL, _W ta bkhia eF nga, gagLa FHij gF tj
ngrjaFwJ. fhuz, tFgiw FHijfis ngrhnj! F mF
Xlhnj! vd ngRtjF jilnghLtJ FHijf ngRbkhia, vzij,
fUij, W W jtWfis mgona VW bfhshiknkahF. FHijf
bkhw bgw, bkh MSik tyik bgw, tFgiwahdJ
FHijf Ugij, njitia, vzij iw brtjh Uj ntL.
FHijf TongR lkhf tFgiw khwntL.
FHijf o bgwToa mDgtfis gNH izJ ff
ntL. Vbd, tFgiwf kL fw ftiy. bjjnjhL bjhl
gLJnghnj fw vjhwJ. nkY, FHijfSF ghJfhlToa mrkw
NHiy cUth bfhLJ FHijf Mtij mogilah fj
ntL. bkhghlnk wghlfSF mogilahF. bkhF dh cs
czfis J bfhtj thyhf w ghlfis v Jbfhs aY.
j fj nehff

FHijf gF tUnghnj mtut thif NHYFgL Vuhskhd

brhfis mJ itJsd. jkJ jhbkh tyik, cr w,
thaf mik ga mljh FHijf gF tUwd.
bkhiaga mogiljY, ca lf mij rahf gagLJ
wik mtfSF csd. jifa bjhlfiy wfis gogoahf
xUizJ tsgnj jhbkhf fj KjgoahF.
j bkhgaghL jhbkhfia fjYl kL iwJ nghw
xwW. w ghlfshd ma, r_f ma, fzF cltWl

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

izJ ffgLj ntL. bkhatna clhfgL njl,

gghL gkhwfSfhd ntfis flil Cfij jUj
ntL.
j, jH tha, gghoa rhj fUJfis bkhghl ikakhf
mikj.
kjrhgw jikl ghlbghUfS , ghljfK totikfgLj.
jHj thl wbkh ngR kf thif ff Fj mKf
bkhghl mikUj.
ghlbghU, ma fnzhl cUthfgLj.
gVLf thyhf jhnd fw wid nkgL bfhtjfhd
tKiw, jghl bragoUj.
bkhgfis fthyhf fgjfhd thfSl ghlbghU
mikUj.
khWw gilnjh rhjidfis btbfhzUj.
j jfhy bjhbghU mfthuh, gila ehzafga
Mf mKf ghlbghU lbgWj.
jHf bg Ljiy, kf Kndw aff gbfLj,
jiyiknaw bgfga thif Ffis mKf brj.
njKiw rhJ, brfis ikagLJtnjhL kLk bgw
bkhait eilKiw thifl bjhlgL TikahF wid
tsj.
FHijf bjhlfiy bkhgagho fG jtWfis bgJgLj
TlhJ. FHijf JJ Kiwf bkhia ifahStif ghll
bejikl mikj.
FHijf
bkhahSikia
VWbfhtnjhL,
brGikgL
tsbjLF braghil cWbrj.
jHku rhj ghlbghUfis fFbghGJ, vJ r, jtW vW
mtiw ma fnzhlJlD wdh nehFlD mQF Mwiy
khztfl tsj.
fijf, ghlf, ciueil thyhf j yfzij mKf brj.
yfzij Rikahf ahj xwhf fUJ kdiyUJ
FHijfis LJ mij Ritahf khw.

FHijf vzij, Mtij, Ugij MSikia tsf

Toajh rk f ghll cUthfgLsJ. muR, muR cjbgW
gf, gk (bk) gf, Mnyh-a gf, ir
(Xal) gf Ma midJtif g khztfS xjtif
bkhwid bgW tif ghll cUthfgLsJ.
2005 cUthfgl nja fiyl totik FJs,
* nfgij JbfhSj
* JbfhL goj

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

jFjil bkhia btbfhzj

fUJ bjhll vGJj
midJ JiwfY bkhia gagLJj
tu
bjhFgif
fsM nghwtWF bkhia gagLJj
bkhia gghL TWfnshL cth bfhSj
ikafUij mj, j
brhfsa bgU bfhSj
bkhia wikahf ifahSj
gilghw thyhf fgidwid nkgLJj

Kja wfis cslajhf rkf ghll

cUthfgLsJ.
bkh ghll wTWf
ghll, Fj bkhwfis,
nehfid ikakhf bfhlJ.

bkh

yFfis

mil

* FHijf jh nfF brfis cth bfhL bragLj, nfl,

goj brf ikafUij J bfhs, j, fUJ
bjhll vGJj Ma mogil wfisbgw ghll
ttif bragLsJ.
* FHijf bkhthyhf fgid wid nkgLj, jhnd ff,
eilKiw yfzij J gagLj ghll ttFJsJ
* caiy bkhwfshd fij, fij, fLiu, ciuahl, ehlf
Matiw cUthF wfis tsgjh mikJsJ
* caiy
bkhahwfshd
ikafUjj,
dh
cUthFj,
dhnfw
ilaj,
FbgLj,
gFj,
bjhFj,
tifgLJj, tj, btgLJj, j jahj, ehF
vGJj Matiw tsF tifY mikJsJ
* ehnjhW thif vbfhS ffis rFtif
gotf ujYF, zgf vGJjYF ghll
thf cUthfgLsd
* bkh
nkbfhs
RofhlgLsd

ntoa

bralfS

ghll

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

ghlbghU
j, jHth, jku, jgghL, jfPf, jehL
isahL uf, jehL btahsf, cyfj jHf, ehLw ghlf
it rhj fUJf; ehnjhW rF rKjha uidf, bg Kndw,
a ma fLof, kj rhgw fUJf, thaiy Ritf L
fijf Mait ghlbghUshf l bgWsd.
ghlbghUf gl, fij, ghl, br, ciuahl, brhngh, foj, ehlf,
fLiu Ma totf, FHijf U tif, FHijf kdij
bjhL tif cUthfgLsd.
ghll thyhf, bjhlfiy tFid iwbr khzt
bkhia iH ngr, vGj, gof, Ms, vzfis aghf
btgLj mt. gjh tFig iwbr khzt bkh ikia
wig czJ, gilf, Ms, Ritf KG Mw bgWt.
ML ghlntis l
MWKj gJ tFf
t.
v.

tFf

10

1.

br

70

70

70

70

70

2.

ciueil

55

55

55

54

54

3.

yfz

35

35

35

40

40

4.

Jizghl

10

10

10

10

10

5.

foj (5) fLiu (5)

10

10

10

10

10

6.

bkhw

44

44

44

40

40

224

224

224

224

224

bkhj

kdghl gF
t.
v.
1.

tF

br mof

kdghl mof

10

10

2.

32

32

3.

34

34

4.

48

42

5.

102

67

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

6
7
8
9
10

170
174
176
345
338

77
72
80
80
90

*****

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

Kj tF

1.
1.1.

w gF / w
ghjj
glfis ghJ
bgafis TWj

2.
2.1

nfl
Xir eaf FHij
ghlfis nfl

2.2

ghlbghU

* FHijfSF mKfkhd, UgKila

fw fj braghLf

yF, gwitf glfis ghJ

mt brafis thbkhahf
Twbrj

glf

FHijf U tif mikj

ghlf gwitf, yFf, cz
bghUf, isahL bghUf
nghw jiyf mikj xeaf
ghlf (4 mo)

va, x eaf FHij ghlfis

briffSl ghLj

FHijf U
fijfis nfl

FHijf U glfijf,
jidia L fijf
yF fijf

fijfis ca bkghLfSl
FHijfSF TWj/ eoJ
fhLj/ eof brj

2.3

xfis ntWgLJj

gwitf, yFf, cJ tof

vG xf mla ghlf

bghkyhl nghw braf t

gwitf, yFf, cJ tof
Kjadt xfis Ma
btgLJj- ntWghL majf
tif dhf nfl

3.

ngRj

3.1

j bga, FLgd bga,

Cbga TWj

FHij j bga, FLgd bga,

C bgaiu TWj

FHijfl dhf t bga, C,

Kjad ga jftfis
Twbrj

3.2

FHij jid Rsit *

g ngRj / ghLj

Kjadtiw *

FHij jid g, j L
NH kW jdF ojit g
ngRj / ghLj

3.3

fij TWj

glfis ghJ fgidahf fij

TWj

C,
RWw
fhL gl

gtif bghU, cd cs glf

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

3.5

w gF / w
jh mJthf kh ngRj

4.

goj

4.1

glij ghJ thL * gl, gl, m, ku, khku, ghgh,

bga
brhYj,
mj
khl nghwt glf
vGJfis
milahsgLJj.
uL brhfis izJ * Ubrh bjhlf
goj
( gl gh, ghgh gh)
vGJj

glfYs bgafis goj.

vGJfis Ma xJfho
FHijfis xf brj

bjhlfis ca xnghL xJ
fho FHijfis xf brj

5.1

nenfhL,
tisnfhL, *
rhnfhLfis vGJj

vGJ gHF braf

Ejir
g
(jhgJ,
fkiz irj, vGJnfhiy
oj) Ra, nenfhL, rhnfhL,
tisnfhL
Lj,
fis
izJ gl tiuj

5.2

fis izJ vGJj

toyhd vGJf

fis
vGJj

5.3

ghJ vGJj

gl, gl, kl, kl, gy nghw *

brhf

brhfis ghJ vGJj

5.4

brhfis
vGJj

nfL *

khzt mj WW brhf. (gH, *

ku, m, mg)

brhfis ca xnghL Ma
brhYjY khzt vGJjY

5.5

Ubrhfis
vGJj

6.

gilghw

6.1

glfSF
bghUjkhd *
tz Lj

6.2

mR
gJ
cUthFj

4.2
5.

brhy

ghlbghU

izJ *

cUtf *

ffis fhLw
gwitf mla gl

fw fj braghLf
yFf, *

yFf, gwitf ngRtJngh ng

eoj

izJ

tbah

a zFa brhf

brhfis izJ vGj b rj

(mg jh, ghL ghL, fijbrh)

, gH, gJ Kja glf

glfSF bghUjkhd
l brj

fjfh, btilfh, iy Kja

mRf

mRfis gagL Ugkhd

cUtfis gJ fhLj

tz

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

6.3

w gF / w
fij brhYj

7.

eilKiw yfz

7.1

xj Xirila
dfhz

7.2

Fiy beoyhf, beoiy * ffh; LL; v-V.

*
Fyhf khWj
khLkL; ehf-ef; fhy-fy nghw
brhf
jhnd fw

8.

ghlbghU

brhfis *

mfuKjia *

8.1

gl
gagLJj

9.

brhyh w

9.1

brhfsa bgUFj

fw fj braghLf

ffis fhL glf

khzt jhf ghj ffis

TWj

be, , g, f, fil, eil, cil, til

nghw brhf

xj Xir btgLkhW brhfis

xj- xf brj

gl mfuKj (Pictorial Dictionary) mf, *

ML, iy, <r.... (cbuGJfis
Kjyhf bfhl glf)

Fiy
beoyhf,
beoiy
Fyhf kh brh cUthFj

glfis
tirgLJj

mfuKjgo

wf, Hikf, khjf, Ritf,

vQ bgaf, cwbgaf, ir
bgaf mj. mLFbjhl,
uils. ghujhr M No

ghlbghU brhfis mJ Tw
brj

Wt f

yfYs Wt fis goj

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

ulh tF
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3

w gF / w
nfl
aif rhj ghlfis *
nfl
jidia
L *
fijfis nfl
FG mKf ciuahliy *
nfl

2.
2.1

ngRj
jid Rsit rhj *
tufis ngRj

2.2

ca xl ghLj (y,s,H, *
vGJf mikj ghlf)

2.3
2.4

3.
3.1
3.3

3.4

gl fijia ghJ
fit TWj.
dh vG w

*
*

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

aifia fL kG tif *
mikj ghlf gR, yh, Na
*
fijf, jidia L
fijf
tF
xUtUbfhUt
mKf *
brJbfhStif
mikj
ciuahl. j bga, bgnwh bga, C
bga, jdF ojJ g TW
Kiw mikj ciuahl
gwitf,
yFf,
jhtuf ga ciuahl

aif *
*

kabfhbrhf (y, s, H, u, w, e, z, d)
*
mikj ghlf
(v.fh) mHa j vGJf
eilKiw thif ff mikj *
glf
ah, vd, vij, V Ma dhfis *
nff jf glf

goj
glfnshL Toa brhfis * glfnshL Toa brhf
*
goj
va
rj
ghlfis va rjghlf (isahL bghUf, *
ghLj
aif, jhtu, yF, gwit, cz
bghUf)
Wtgl fijfis goj * yFf, gwitf ng bfhtJ *

ghlfis gho, FHijfl va

dhf nfl
khztfis Lfij, fij Tw
brj
FHij FG jid g TWj

jid Rs NH g ngRj
bjhiyfh ghj f g
ngr brj
ghlfis ghl brj, FHijf
ghLj
glfis
ghJ
ffis
bjhll TWj
gl ghJ FHijfis dh nff
brj

brhfis vGJTo goj

ghlfis rjnjhL ghl brj

fijglfis gof brj

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

5.3

tlbkh
xfhd
vGJfis goj
vGJj
glfis ghJ bgaiu
vGJj
glfis ghJ Wbjhl
vGJj
va
fijUJ
dhfSF
Vw
il vGJj
brhy nfL brhfis
vGJj
tUzid brhfis
milahs fL vGJj
tlbkh xfhd
vGJfis vGJj
gilghw
Ugkhd gl tiuJ
tz Lj
fhj kofis bfhL
cUt brj.
bgUu mUJ
cUtf cUthFj.
fij TWj

5.4

bral nkbfhs

3.5
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3

4.4
4.5
4.6
5.
5.1
5.2

*
*
*

*
*
*

ghlbghU
nghw fijglf
#, [, , A, $, B Ma vGJf *
bfhl brhf
ahid, L, Fil, nghw glf
khL nkj, eh Fiuj,
isahLj nghw glf
glfijf

Wt *

*
*

va mj brhf

eWkz f ky, caj ku nghw *

tUzid brhf
vtbu, #dt, fhZ, $ ef nghw *
bgaf

tz LtjF VJthd glf

fhj cUtf (v.fh) fg, bjh *

nghwit.
bgUu
mR
cUtf
(v.fh)
fjfh, bjh
glff bfhl glf
*

bral
(fsf)

bjhlghd

jiyf *

fw fj braghLf
tlbkh
xila
gof brj

vGJfis

glfis
ghJ mtFa
bgafis vGj brj
glij ghJ bjhl cUthFj
va
fijUJ
nffgL
dhfSF XU brhf il
vGJj
brhy nfL brh bfhL
vGJj
glfis
ghJ
tUzid
brhfis vGJj
tlbkh xvGJfis vGjbrj

khzt, j Ugnfwgo gl
tiuJ bghUjkhd tz Lj
ghlYs cUtfis brj,
Ugkhd cUtfis cUthf

ghlYs glfis ghJ fij

TWj
glfis
bjhFJ
tiuJ
glbjhF jahj

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

6.
6.1

eilKiw yfz
xj Xirila brhfis
cUthFj
6.2 xUik, gik Mf
7.
7.1

jhndfw
va gl mfuKjia
gagLJj

7.2 brhfis mfutirgLJj

8.
8.1

brhfsa bgUf
brhfsa bgUFj
bga brhfis TWj
vbrhf TWj

xj Xirila brhbjhF

xUik gikbrhf
(v.fh) gwit-gwitf, ku-kuf

c, bk, cbkbaGJf mla

gl mfuKj (v.fh) fU, fhf. . .

glf
vGJj

cbkbaGJfis Kjyhf bfhl

brhf

g,k tirYs brhfis tirgo

vGJj

*
*

vGJfis izJ vGJj

brh isahL
Kj, il, filbaGij kh a
brh cUthFj

gil jil cil fil , gL gR g gid-gz - gy - gH - gl nghw

bgabrhf

*
*
*

g, kJiu, fhiy, tFgiw, , is,

nghw bgabrhf
vbrhf
brh W vGij bfhL
cUthfgl brhf
(v.fh) f dif ifig iga
MNo(xsitah), bfhiw ntj,
cyf
Wt fij f

xj Xirila brhfis mLjLJ

TWtjhd FGisahL
rahd gik brhfis fL
monfhol/goj
bgafis

mfutirgo

ghlYs glid ghJ ca

v brhfis vGJj
gl ghJ brhfis cUthFj

Gkf wid czj

g yfij gagLJ KiwgoF Mtij L gf

jUj

10

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

_wh tF
w gF / w

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

1.

nfl

1.1

tUzid, Lfij ghlfis

nfl
jidia L
fijfis
nfl

tUzid ghlf, Lfij ghlf

UFwSnfw jidia L
fijf

1.3

fis nfL JbfhL il

TWj

, Lfijf

f, Lfijfis Ma Tw
khztfis Lf brj

1.4

thbdh / bjhiyfh brfis

nfl

thbdh, bjhiyfh brf.

thbdh,
bjhiyfh
ffis
nfL
tFgiw fyJiuahl

2.

ngRj

2.1

jFjil ngRj

j C, bjU, g, fil, fh,

yf, Hhf ga jftf
(C,bjU, isahol, bghJl,
yf)

j Ciu g, jh thG NH
g
aghf
jF
jil ngrbrj

2.2

ca xl ngRj, ghLj
(y, s, H, z, d, u, w,)

kabfh vGJf mikj

fijf, brhbwhlf

ghl,

2.3

tUzid fyJ ngRj

bghkyhl to mikj tUzid

fijghL. (yF, gwit gaJ)

ghlYs
ghlfis
ghlbrj, brhbwhlfis
rahd crl ngr brj
ghJ kj lfis gnah,
bghUfis gnah tUzid
fyJ ngRkhW gaj

1.2

tUzid
brhfis
Tw
brj
fgid fijf fij
bjhlfij T Koit
FHijl nfl. fij
KoitT K gFia
nfl

11

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w
2.4

fyJiuahLj

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

tFgiw ik, bjhiyfh

ghf ntoa ff, fsgaz,
g MLHh nghw jiyf

3.

goj

3.1

mf, sguf, rhiy

FpLfis goj

m, sgu, rhiyFpL
bjhlghd glf, brhf

3.2

bfhLfgLs jftf, fijfis

ca xl goj

kiH, kiy, fhLf ga fijf

3.3

Wt jfis goj

WW fijf, JQFf, f,
FWbfGJ
nghof,
ghlf
nghwit mla Wt jf

4.

vGJj

4.1

glij ghJ WW bjhlf

vGJj

WW bjhlf (v.fh) JSwJ,

dt owh, gwit gwwJ

Fl
fit
bragLJtjF
fyJiuaho ll
glfis ghf brJ khzt
mj l, NH, cwd
rhj
brhfis
T
ciuahl
to
mikj
fijghlfis gof brJ
fyJiuahl brj
tirahf bry, cf
KiwtUtiu fhUf,
lgf Uf, ggF
bkJthf bry,
kUJtkid x vGghnj - nghw
tif mikj mfis
sgufis gof brj
yFf, gwitf, f
Mait ga fijfis ca
crl goj, gl ghJ
dhfSF Vw il jUj
khztfSFa
j
bttJs Wfijf, ghlf,
JQFf,
f
nghw
brfis gof Lj
glij ghJ WW bjhlf
mikj, mf vGJj, gl
ga
tufis
bjhFJ
bjhlfis vGJj

12

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

4.2

ilbtL vGJj

Kiwahd
bjhlf

4.3

gia goJ dhfSF

ilaj
f / tUzid bjhlf
vGJJ

4.5

tJ vGJj

5.

gilghw

5.1

brhfsla
xU
gia
bfhLj.
khzt
mtiw
bghUSnfwthW ilbtL
vGj brj.

ciugF

glfS mtF
bghUjkhd
f, tUzid bjhlf
(v.L) yFf, gwitf Fjit

l,
U
gwit,
yF
Kjatiw ga F rlf

g bjhlghd va dhf
nfl bghUjkhd ilaj
glfis ghJ bghUjkhd
fis vGj brj, yFf,
gwitf
glfis
ghJ
tUJ vGj brj
glfis Ffis bfhLJ
tJ vGj brj

glij iw brj

gl xUgF

5.2

cUtf tzF Vg
jhaf xLj

jhaf(Tyf)
glf

xLtjnfw

5.3

brhfis gagL fij

cUth TWj
bral

khiy neu, nkf, kiH, bts nghw

fij cUthf jf brhf
<buGJ, _btGJ brhf mla
glf

4.4

5.4

ilbtl

vGjgl

khztf tiutjF Vw va
glf gFia mJ glij
iw bra brj
gwit, yF glfis tiua
brJ mj tzF Vg
jhafis xl brj
brhfis bfhLJ fij
cUthf brj
khztfl
jh
kW
milfis
mJ
braf
mj,
brjh,
Wt
jfis
bjhFf
brJ
tFgiw goJ fhl brj,
Lfijf,
gHbkhfis
bjhFf brj

13

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w
6.

eilKiw yfz

6.1

vGthnfw idKW vGJj

7.

jhnd fw

7.1

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

vGthF
bghUa
idKW
bfhl bjhlf
(v.fh) Ky tjh
fjh tjh
kf Tod
khL tjJ - khLf tjd
gwit tjJ - gwitf gwjd.

vGthia bfhLJ bghUjkhd

idKiw
vGj
brj
(xUik,
giknfw
idKWf)

gl mfu Kjia gagLJj

c, cbk
brhf

c, cbk vGJf mla

a va brhfis mJ
mtiw mfutir gLj brj

7.2

ulh vGJf mogil

(vJif) tirgLJj

`ulh vGJ x tU brhf

(v.fh) kz-Fz, kl-Fl

brhfis ulh vGJf

(vJif) mogil tir gLj
gaj

8.

brhyh w

8.1

brhfsa bgUFj

br gFYs mUbrhf
UFw fijf (5) ghuah M
No(12) , et (3)

ghlYs
brgF
brhfSF
bghUSzJ
brhfsaij bgUFj
y vGJfis bfhLJ mtiw
bfhL gy brhf cUthFj
xU brh cs vGJfis
gagL gy brhf cUthFj

vGJf

mla

*
*

FHijf

vbrh vGJj, bghUsj,

brhbwhl mikj
yf
fYs
brhfis

14

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

8.2

ku brhfis gagLJj

ghlbghU

yFf, gwitf thlf

(v.fh)
Ka - j
v
- tis
gwit - TL
Fiu - yha
gwit, yFf sik bgaf,
jFl, xf kW bjhF
bgaf

fw fj braghLf
njbjLJ
mit
bjhlghd
tufis
nrfJ
tir
gLJj
* kubgafis vGjjf
gf

15

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

ehfh tF
w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

1.

nfl

1.1

Xireaf fUJ ghlfis *

nfL J bfhSj

1.2

ehLw fijfis
J bfhSj

nfL *

1.3

Niy cW nfl
tufis TWj

iyf, flfiu, rij, C UHh,

ffh nghw lf ngrgL
brf

flfiu NH eilbgW
ffis nfl wF mJ
ga tufis TWj

2.

ngRj

2.1

jF jil aghf ngRj

wFa kj, l, f

2.2

thjf gnfW ngRj

2.3

tUzid fyJ ngRj

brng, ku rhuh vbghU, be *

gagho eik ik
*
aif rhj tUzidf

jh U xUt(fhkuhr,
mJfyh nghnwh), jh
Ua l (Fwhy, KJkiy
nghwit) g fhuz
fhaJl jF jil
ngr brj
brng eik, ikfis
thJ goaLj
F, f, nja bfho
nghwtiw tUJ vGJj

3.

goj

3.1

fijfis Wj FfSnfg *
goj

kWky
ghlf,
z *
ghlf (ghujhr, ehkf fP,
fk, nghnwh ghlf)
*
FHijfSnfw ehLw fijf

eh cUtha
fijf

Kiw WtUnfw *

Xireaf ghlfis nfL

J bfhs brj.
fijia nfl dhfSF
ilaj

ca WjFfL bjhliu
gof brj

16

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

3.2

Rtbuhof/mfis
goj

muRJiw mf (f, RWNH,

td, nghFtuJ nghwit)

3.3

ifbaGJ fojfis goj

FHijfSF crhf CL tif *

mikj foj (cwKiw foj)

3.4

gHbkhfis goj

tHf
cs
gHbkhfis *
gagLJj (fij, ehlf, ciuahl,
ghl thyhf)

4.

vGJj

4.1

brhy
vGJj

nfL

iH *

kabfhia vLJfhljf
bjhlf
ciugF, g

sgufis goJ
dhfSF ilaj
ifbaGJ
to
mikj
ghlgFia
goJ
J
bfhL
dhfSF
ilaj.
gHbkhfis
bjhFbjG
goj

ghlfSF mikJs
gfis iH vGJj

gia
bfhLJ,
mJ
bjhlghd
dhfSF
rahd il vGJj

glfis ghJ fis

cUth vGJj

4.2

gUJ dhfSF il
vGJj

4.3

f vGJj

m brL fijf, JQFf ,

Lfijf , f nghwit,

4.4

foj vGJj

Lfoj vGJj

4.5

fLiu / ghl vGJj

VjhtJ xU ku / MW / j ga FJ
fLiu / ghl

bfhLfgl jiyf
fLiu (m) ghl vGj
gWj

5.

gilghw

5.1

gl ghJ tUJ vGJj

k, tzJ , aif
Kjat glf

yFf gwitf f g
tUJ vGJj

17

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

5.2

fij cUthFj

btntW NHfis FF glf

5.3

bral - glbjhF
jahj

FHijf tiuj / uoa glf

6.

eilKiw yfz

6.1

iztif TWj

caiz, m~iz brhf

caiz khzt, Ma
m~iz ku, yF

bfhLfgl
brhfis
caiz,
m~iz
vW
tifgLJj

6.2

l, fhy tiff TWj

bga ku, id ku brhfis

ma brj

mfuKjia gagL brh

bghU TWj
glf yhj brhbghU
mfuKjia gagL
bghU mj, ghlgF
cs brhf bghUsj

7.

jhnd fw

7.1

ku brhfis gagLj

7.2

mfuKjia gagL bghU

fhz

l tif fhL brhf

fhy tif fhL brhf

ku brhf mla bjhlf

(v.fh.)
F T, e CisL,
ahid W.
glfnshL Toa FHijf mfuKj

Ffis bfhLJ,
FHijF oj NHiy
bfhL fij cUthFj,
vGJj
brjh tU glfis
bjhFJ gl bjhF
jahj

18

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

8.

brhyh w

8.1

brhfsa bgUFj

a brhf, bjhF bgafis vGj

brj

vbrh vGJj, J
vGJj, nrJ vGJj,
bghUsj, iz brhf
mikj

8.2

ku brhfis gagLJj

bjhF bgaf (v.fh) bjdnjh,

fU njhl, ML kij, gwit
Tl

bjhF bgafis vGj

brj

bfhLfgl br gFf
fhzgL befis czJ
gw brj

isahL, bkh isahL

br - eWbjhif , UFw (10)

et / _Jiu 3,
jhyhL ghl (ehLghl)

19

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

Ijh tF
w gF / w
1.

1.1

ghlbghU

nfl

bgf, _leif, RWNH, *

mHa nghw jiy mikj
ghlf

tlhu rhj bjhf ntshik mW W thj, ciuahl, nefhz

ya ehlff

Fl jiy bfhLJ ngRj, *

eh
Mauhdh,
eh
mikruhdh,
vdF
wif
Ujh, eh ghj l, UHh
nghw jiy

ciuahl, tH gagLjgL *
My
brhfS
mtF
izahd j brhfS

z ghlfis nfl

1.2

fyJiuahliy nfL J
bfhSj

1.3

ehlfij nfL J
bfhSj

2.

ngRj
Fl jiy ngRj

2.1

2.2

fw fj braghLf

aghf ciuahLj

ghlfYs bgf z,
cley ngQj, Gk gfis
czJ z ghlfis
nfL,
J
bfhL
mjt
gw brj.
ntshik M ika, bjhlto
iya, brf Nis nghw
lfSF brW mJ rhj
tufis bjhFJ khztfis
fyJiuaho nff brj.
khztf J bfhsjf va
ya
ehlffis
tFgiw
el, goJ J bfhs
brj.
khztf
taJ
iynfg
mtfSF
oj
fgid
fUJfis ngRj, NH mJ
ngr brj; RWwNH, nr
nghw r_f gaghL fUJf
rhJ ngr gWj.
khztf fsgaz brW tj /
jhf
ghj
lf
FJ
aghf j ngr brj; ghl
mfgLs ciuahl nghW
NH mikJ khztfis aghf
ciuahl gWj.

20

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

2.2

ehlff gnfW eoj

3.

goj

3.1

3.2

ghlbghU

ya ehlf- mikJ,
Fkzts, bfhilcs
nghwit

ehlf fjhghufshf khztfis

eoJ fhl brj, ML Hh,
g
Hhf
Fl
ghufnsW ng eof brj.

mfho iygoa, kUJtkid *

tiugl, ngUJ fhy mltiz

g ma ffh, j *
brbkh
ya
kwf
elJtjfhd
miHjf,
mf, JL btpLf
*
ruha ga br, brbkh
khehL kW FHijfSF
njitahd brf

bjhlto
fhy
mltiz,
bghUfh m, ngUJ fhy
mltiz nghw kf TL
lf cs v tu rhj
mfis
gof,
J
bfhs gj.
miHjfis
goJ
J
bfhtJl cUthf brj.

v F bfhl tufis
goj

miHjf, f
mf, JL
btpLfis goj

*
3.3

brjh goj

*
3.4

ehlffis Fu Vwjhl
goj

4.

vGJj

4.1

bghU cznfg
ilbtL vGJj

4.2

gia goJ dhfSF

fw fj braghLf

ya ehlf

* cznfg WjFf

ghl bjhlghd ilfis bghU

czF Vg ilbt L
WjFfSl vGJj.

vLjhsgl ciugFf

ciugF

brjhf
btahF
khztfSF
Vw
brfis
ul brj, goJ J bfhs
brj; mJ FJ ng brj.
ghlYs
ehlf,
yf
fYs Wt ehlffis ca
bkghLfSl
Fu
VwjhfSl,
czlD
gof brj.

bfhl

ghlfUJfis

21

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

il vGJj

*
4.3

cwKiwfoj
vGJj/ehF vGJj

4.4

fLiu / ciuahl vGJj

5.

gilghw

5.1

5.2

5.3

cwKiw foj vGJj (jh, *

jij, mij, khkh kW egf)
mwhl ffis ehFghf
vGJj

fLiu -fiythz, ehLFiHj *

enyh,
fLiu
gFfis
sF vLJfhLf

btntW NHfmla glf,

ghlf

eoJ fhljf ghlgF

khztf
gilfshd *
eifRit JQFf, Xa,
foj, fLiu, ciuahl nghw
gilf

ghl vGJj, ghLj

jeo

bral-j jahj

ilfshf Vw gf jiyfSl
vGJj
khztfSF cwKiw foj
khia mJ mnj nghW ntW
fojfis vGJ itj; ehF
vthW vGjgl ntL vgij
vLJfhLfSl s ehF
vGj gWj.
fLiuf,
ciuahlf,
Kjatiw gof brJ fLiu
cWf vit vgij, vthW
fLiu mika ntL vgij
s fLiu vGj itj.
FHijf U gwit, yF,
f glf bfhLJ, brhf
mJ, brhbwhl mJ ghl
vGj brj. ghl Kj moia
mJ ulh moia iw bra
brj; ghl brj.
ehlf fijkhj aid VW
eoJ fhl brj.
ya
khjf nghW trdf ng eof
brj.
ifbaGJ
jGF
njitahd
glf
tiuj,
eifRit
JQFf, fijf, f vGJj,
nrfj, foj, fLiu, ciuahl
vGJj, Xa tiuj, nrfj :midij
bjhFJ
jHhf
mikf gWj

22

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w
6.

ghlbghU

eilKiw yfz

6.1

vGth, gaiy, bragLbghU

Matiw sfjf
thaf

brhbwhl mik Kiw mj

* vdnt, Vbd, Mdh, Mifah

6.2

iz brhfis mJ
gagLJj

*
6.3

ku bjhlf

nghw iz brhf
gagLjgl thaf
(v.fh)
jhjh KWF
diy Vbd mtUF
gf iy
gntW bghUf tHfgL
kubjhlf

neiz, viz brhf

gagLJj, kabfh iH
jj

ghlYs brhbwhlf vGth,

gaiy,
bragLbghU
vit
vgij, J mtJ vgo
vgij, yfzgo mtiw
gagLJ
Kiwfis
gWj.
* brhbwhlf mikJ tU Kiw
mj. gaiyF bghUjkhd
vGth, bragLbghUis
cUthFj.
(v.fh) ghodh - th ghodh.
- th ghL ghodh.

ne
6.4

fw fj braghLf

neiz, viz brhf

vLjhsgl gF, kabfh
brhfis sfjf
brhbwhlf

dhfSF
il
jUnghJ,
fLiuf vGJ nghJ, ngR nghJ,
fyJiuahL
nghJ
iz
brhf vit, mtiw vlf
vthW
gagLJtJ
vd
gWj
kubjhlfis
gagL
thafis vGj brj

U w, bt njh nghw
neiz,
viz
brhfis
flj;
mtiw
gagL
bjhlf
mikj;
ngRj
mtiw
ifahSj
Matiw
CFj.
kabfh
iH

23

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf
jJ ngrbrj

7.
7.1

jhnd fw
WW fijfis goj

* FHijfSfhd ebd fijf, *

bghGJnghF fijf

*
7.2

glfnshL Toa tuf mla

FHijf fiyfsa

FHijf fiyfsaij
gagLJj

7.3

mfuKjia gagL
bghUsj

8.

brhyh w

8.1

brhfsa bgUFj

brhbghU mfuKj

ghlgF cs fod brhf

Jiz ghlfshf mfgLs

WW fijfis goj; mj _y
ebdfis mj;
thif
gagLj CFj.
fiyfsa
vwh
vd
vgij, m mls brf
vit
vgij,
brfis
fiyfsa
Jiz
bfhL
vthW fltJ vgij, mj
_y mj wid nkgLJtij
fW bfhLj.
`mfu Kj Jiz bfhL vthW
brhf
bghUis
mtJ
vgij,
ghl
W
mfgLs mfuKj (y
brhfis
mJ)
bghUis
fla brj.
ghl mfgLs br
gFf
_y
brhfsaij
bgU
bfhSj,
fod
brhfSF bghU fltj
_y
khzt
mj
brhfsaij
bgUFj;
brhfis bghUnfg nrj,
j, brhbwhl mikj, bkh
isahL,

isahL
nghwt _y bkh MSik

24

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w gF / w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf
wid tsj.

bghUsj, vbrh vGJj, J

vGJj, nrJ vGJj, brhbwhl
mikj, bkh isahL,
isahL

UFw (12), besf (3),

F ghl (1) , fijghl (1)

25

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

Mwh tF
w
1.

ciugFia ca xl
goj, ika fUjj, dh
cUthFj, dhnfw
ilaj, FbgLj,
tj, jhnd fw

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
a 1
br
thJ
UFw
ciueil
jjhjh c.nt.rh.
Jizghl
filtiu eif
yfz
iz vGJf mj, F, beo
mj
bkhw g
F, beo ntWghil vLJfhljf
thaf. xiw bfh, uil
bfh vGJf bfhl thaf,
brhbwhlf, d vGJf bfhl
thaf,
brhbwhlf,
brhf
mj.

x
gfhd
ciueil
gFia
FL
ca
WjJl
gof
brj.
fh, miu, KW
Matiw
ftJ
gof
gHFj.

br,
ciueil
gFia
bfhLJ, mt bghUslfij
btgLJkhW
dhfis
cUthF g : miu gF
miuf
(Gaf)
btgLkhwhd
dhf.
vLJfhlhf
y
dhf
bfhLJ, mtiw nghw w
dhfis cUthF g.

y brhf, ilf tujf

dhf mikf g mj.

ciueil gia bfhLJ mj

ika bghU khwhjthW F
rlf
jahj.
y
vLJfhLfis
bfhLJ
mtiw nghW ghl gFYs
gFfSF
F
vGj
gWj.

F rlf bfhLJ
vGJ gf bfhLj.

26

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

2.

bkh MSik w:
brhngh gnfW, ca
cznthL ngRj.

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

a 2
br
ehyoah
ghuj njr
ciueil
gwitf gyj
Jizghl
ghf X ciuahl
yfz
F, beo clhtJ vgo? vGJfS
cw
bkhw g
v, vQFa vGJ tot,
brhfis nrJ J vGJj,

bfhLfgLs br, ciueil

gF rhj Gaf, eilKiw
thif
uid
bjhlghd
dhfis bfhLJ il vGj
brhYj.

F,
beo
ntWghLfis
vLJfhljf brhbwhlfis
vGJ g.
(v-L) ir
iz ir . . . . . . . xiwbfh,
uilbfh
cila
brhf
cila
brhbwhlfis
vGJj.
(btlbt, ntfhjnrhW. . ) td,
bkd, ild tiria fhL
brhfis vGJj, (fil, ril,
jil, gil)

fw
gFYs
nknfhfho
jahj.

gwitf
braf,
gHff
Kjad g fyJiuahl.

ciuahl gFia RU vGJj.

ciuahliy khztfis bfhnl

fJj

F, beo brhyhf gf

dbtGJf

brfis
brhbgh

miktJ

nghw

27

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
j dbtGJl kL nrU vGJf

brhfis vGJj. (rf, jf,

tf...)
(cliy
bkkaf
brhf, gf, ghf)

3.

4.

fLiu, foj, zgfis

ca totJl, Wj
Ffis gagL vGJj,
jid w mj

a 3
br
ehkfoif
ciueil
Muhnuh Munuh
Jizghl
u Wt
yfz
brhf tiff bga brh, id
brh mKf
bkhw g
xW iH, kabfh iH, bga brh,
id brh nghwtiw ma brj

gFia goJ fUJfis a 4

bjhFJ,
tifgL, br
btgLj
mj.
a iraKJ

ghl gFYs brhfis J,

nrJ vGJ g. (tbyhW
Ftjhf mik vLJfhLf
kL)
fw
gFYs
brfis
nknfhfho mwiu, tUzid
fLiu vGJ gaj.

fw
gFYs
ciueil
ghlf vLjhsgLs Wj
Ffis vLbjGJj.
mt
njitid g, Wj Ff
lhjjh
VgL
bghU
kafij vLJ fhLj.

bgabrh, idbrh ntWghil

sf jf gaj.

idbrhfUJ,
wtif
brhfis tUF g.

tbyhW iH (ulh ntWik

bjhif, )

vGJ khwjh bghU khWgLtij

vLJfhL gaj.
fw
bghUshf
cs
ghl
xbthU
gF
btgLJ
bghUis
jiyghf
bfhL

28

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

brhf,
wbkh
brhf, gHbkh eh}W
iz brhf, Madtiw ciueil
btgLJj
kf uhF neU vGa foj
Jizghl
C UHh xU fiyHh
yfz
uils
bkhw g
uils
Xiw bfh, uilbfh,
F, beo ntWghL mj

5.

tuyhW ffis id Tw
kW kjcw bgUikid
sFj

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

a 5
br
j ghl
jhf - J fij
ciueil
sik bgah nfl nf

WW
gFf
vGJj.
(vLJfhL:
kiH
mKj,
kiHbah,
cHtU
kiH.
bris
nknfhfho
vGj
brj).

glf
fhzgL
ff
FJ jjna tJ vGJ
gaj. (v-L) fht bjt,
fufhl, bghf.

xF brhfis gagL
brhbwhl vGJ gaj.

xiwbfh,
khwij
bghUkhwij
gaj..

fwgF
ciueil
cs
wbkh brhfis vLbjGJ
gj. (v-L.
KaJt,
eht. . . .)

F, beo ntWghlh bghU

khWgLtij sF gaj.
Foah,
Koah
fhyf
thif Kiw g thj.

uilbfh
brhffho
RL

_leifah VgL nfLf g

thj.

j ghl fhzgL gFj

29

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

Jizghl
jfkhgHK NLnfhY
yfz
iHfis fisj
bkhg
iHfis fisj xW iHf, F,
beo iHf, Jiz vGJ iHf,
kabfh iH, brhfSl c nrJ
vGJj

6.

ciuahl, ehlf mikJ

vGJj, f mfis
ugl, Ritgl TWj,
vGJj

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

a 6
br
weh}W
izia oJ bjUthF J
fij
ciueil
nja fhj brk
Jizghl
vJ bga cik?
yfz
RblGJ
bkhw g
RblGJf, m, , c mKf

fUJfis
FJ
kWky
vLJfhLj.

thj,
fUJfis

xWiH F gaj.

Fiy
beoyhf
Fyhf
kh
cUthFj

kj
cwf
nkikid
sF ffis bjhFj.

tuyhW ffsh bgwjf

goidfis g J
TW gaj.
weh}W
br
fUij
btgLJkhW ciuahl vGj
gWj.

beoiy
brhfis

m
tot
brhbwhlfis
vGJj. m brhyhfis
wtUJ ntWgLJ gf
tHf.

br, dh Kja brhbwhl

tiff btgL jftfis
RitljfthW tUzid, mil
brhfis gagLj gWj.

ugl
mikj
ff
tirKiwia kh Ritgl TW
cfis fhL gfmj.
(ndhF,
fijkhwhk
TWj

30

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

Kjad)

7.

gJiw m bgWj. (j
kUJt, E fiyf,
isahL, iwa ma
fLof) a brhf
bghUsj, mfuKjia
gagLj mj, kW w
mj

br
Ritgl
miktjfhd
brhyhfis milahsgLJj.

RblGJf bkh gagL

jikid sF gf

ma fLo bjhlghd
bghJ mit vLbjGj jf
jiyfis bfhLJ bjhlila
fLofis
fLoj
ma mPfis g vGj
brj.

ma fiy brhyhf g.
va brhf, brhyhf Kiw
mKf.

bkhw g
msbgil c msbgil, xwsbgil
iz caiz, m~iz
gh - M gh, bg gh, gy gh,
xw gh, gy gh

wbkh brhyhia jJ
brhbwhlfis brikahf vGJ
g.

`msbgil
brhyh
eilKiw gaghil bjF
vLJfhLf jUj.

a - 7
br
UFw ait Tw
ciueil
fny fiytz
Jizghl
rhjid bgk
yfz
msbgil, iz, gh

brhf tifghil majf

gf (v-L) bga, vr, id
nghwd)
yfz bgafis
mKfgLjhk,
ntWgl
mikfis milahs fhQj.

31

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

w
8.

9.

bkh ea mj. ctikf,

gHbkhf,
ku bjhlf,
xUbrh gybghU, gybghU
xUbrh mj, brhfsa
bgUFj

ea ghuhLj, gilghw

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
a - 8
br
jghl
mj fhy j fhy
ciueil
jaf jnyna ngRnth
Jizghl
ehL efuK
yfz
khiu, v, l
bkhw g
khiu msf
v - xUik, gik
l - jik, Kiy, glif

a 9
br
Fwhy Fwt
nyil ghl
ciueil
vJ gghL?
Jizghl
tzf Iah!
yfz
fhy mj
bkh g

ciueil, br tot, fw
gDtf
RitFa
bkh
TWfis njbjLF g

br
ctik,
gHbkh,
kubjhl
Kjadtiw
khaikJ vGJ g

bkhts
TWfshd
bjhif
brhfis, xU brh gbghU, xU
bghU gybrh Kjad bfhl
gDtfis
cUthF
gaj.

X
mobrhiy
gtifahd brhfis
gaj.

yfz gFid a Kiw

mJ bfhS gfis mj.

br ea TWfis goaLj

x, brh, bghU eaTWfis

btgLjjf bjhlf, brh
bjhFfis vGJ g.

eilKiwF njitahd Kiu

brhbwhlf
(sgu
jikilait) vGJj.
(v-L:
ehS fngh ; nkY canth)

bfhL
cUthF

32

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
fhy - wj fhy, f fhy, v fhy

brbkh nyil mikkhwhd

brhfis vGj gaj

id
totfis
gaj.

khW

33

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

VHh tF
w
1.

ciugFia ca xl
goj,
ika fUjj,
dh cUthFj,
dhnfw ilaj,
FbgLj, tj,
jhnd fw, jid w
mj

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
a 1
br
thJ, UFw
ciueil
brbkh j
Jizghl
CU ngU
yfz
rhbgGJf tifbjhif.
bkhw g

2.

bkh MSik w brhngh

gnfW, Vw wffSl
ngRj, vGJj

a 2
br
weh}W, KJbkhfh
ciueil
kfhJth dh Rjudh
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
rhbgGJf cbk, Mj
bkhw g

gntW
Wj
Ffis
gagLj
gaj.
(gfhd
gF
fw
gDtUJ,
gDt
rhuhjdthf mik)
UFw gFYs xbthU
Fw fUij y brhf
TW g (v.fh) thik vd. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .brh ikaw
brhny thik
y brhf ilahf tujf
dhf mikj.
rhbgGJfSF
vLJfhLfis
bfhLJ
bgafis vGJ gaj.
td
Fjfhd
vLJfhLf
vGJ
gaj.
ciueil gFfSF Vw
Jiz jiy vGj
gaj.
brhnghUfhd gFfis vGJ
gaj.
fUij VF, kWF cfis
vLJfhLj.
czfSF Vw brhfis
njbjLF g
fw br gFia
nknfhfho, nkil ngR

34

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

3.

gFia goJ fUJfis

bjhFJ, tifgL,
btgLj mj. a
brhf, wbkh brhf,
iz brhf mj, kW
w mj

a 3
br
fLf
ciueil
fjnkij uhkhDr
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
ehtifbrhf
bkhw g

4.

fLiu, foj, zgfis

ca totJlD, Wj
Ffis gagL vGJj,
kj cw w mj

a 4
br
jghl
ciueil
fhaof foj

jahj.
Jizghl gFUJ,
Gafis btgLJ
sf F jahj.
bfhLfgl F mogil
jH gghL wig
btgLJ g.
br fUid tifgL
TW g. (v-L) kd
jik, bkh jik, bk
jik brfis bghU
fhLj.
ciueil gFYs wbkh
brhfSF a j brhf
cUthF g.
Jizghl gFUJ,
iz brhf, a brhf,
wbkh brhf
Kjadtiw goal
brj.
jiy xiw jJ, mjF tY
nrf Toa fUJfis
bjhFF g.
ehtif brhfis F
g
bghUSila brhfis
milahs fhQ g.
mtiw bghUjkhf
brhbwhl mikj.
gntW NHf vGjgL
zgf ga mKf ;

35

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
LFbgaU fhuzbgaU
bkhw g

5.

tuyhW, gghL mj

a 5
br
Uth% ehkkhiy, thjhr ghl
ciueil
fh ef
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
mWtif bgabrhf
bkhw g

6.

ciuahl, ehlf mikJ

vGJj, f
mfis ugl,
Ritgl TWj,
vGJj

a 6
br
kUjfh ghl,
e. r_ fij
ciueil
ber ehlf
Jizghl
j ehlf Kndhof
yfz
idKW, bgabur, idbar

zgf vGJj.
fijfUJ bgwjf
miufis goaL w
vLJfhLf jUj.
KHf brhbwhlfis
bfhLJ bghUjkhd tuyhW
fia vGJ g.
bga brhfis tifgLJ
g
br
bghU
dia
btgLJ g.
br
btgLJ
miuid sF g.
goj
brfis
nknfhgL,
brhngh
jahj.
Jizghl
gFYs
tuyhW Ffis sFkhW
jftfis uLj.
mWtif
bgafis
tifgLJ g
fij tfis nknfhgL
ciuahl vGJj.
fij tfSF bghUjkhd
KHf thaf vGJj.
thif
tuyhW
wig
sF nknfh brfis
vLJfhLj.
brh tot khw g
wbkh brhfSF j
brhf Mf g.

36

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU
bkhw g

7.

8.

gJiw m bgWj. (j
kUJt, isahL, iwa
ma fLof) a
brhf bghUsj,
mfuKjia gagLj mj

bkh ea mj. (ctikf,

gHbkhf, ku bjhlf,
xUbrh gybghU, gybghU
xU brh mj)

a 7
br
UFw, KTl gS
ciueil
aif ntshik nefhz
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
ntWik, milbkh
bkhw g
a 8
br
jghl,
jhyhL ghl
ciueil
jHf mbgr
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
_tifnghf
bkhw g

9.

brhfsa bgUFj

a 9
br
mkhid,
tfjhk

gJiwf gagL brhf

cUthFj
ma
fLof
bjhlghd brfis WW
jiyf vGJj.
aif
ntshik
ga
wfis WW jiyf
vGJ g.
fw
gDtYs bkhea
TWfis btgLJ g.
fw gDtiy, ctik, gHbkh,
kubjhl izJ Ritgl
kh vGJ g.
Jizghl
gF
cs
brfis WW jiyF
vGJj.
fw gDt cs bkhts
TWfis
milahsgLJj.
mtiw
gagL
brhbwhlf vGJj.
wbkh brhfSF izahd
j brhf vGJj.
bkh
nghfSfhd
vLJfhLf jUj.
fw
gDt
cs
a
brhfis goaLj.
goal
brhfis

37

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

ciueil
jHf isahLf
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
brh
bkhw g
10

ea ghuhLj, gilghw

fw fj braghLf

ghlbghU

a 10
br
ghujhr ghl
fg ghl
ciueil
Xafiy
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
myfz, WjFf
bkhw g

tifgLJj
brhfis
yfz
Jiw
mik
bkh
vd tifgLJj.
br ea ghuhl g
ea TWfis goal
fw
gDt
bjhlghd
brafis eagl ciufjf
gHbkhf,
kubjhlf,
KHfbjhlf jahj.
Xafiy
bjhlghd
brhfis uLj.
mfis
sF
vLJfhL brf
jiyfSnfg kd tiugl
tiuj.

38

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

vlh tF
w

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

1.

ciugFia ca xl
goj, ika fUjj, dh
cUthFj, dhnfw
ilaj, FbgLj,
tj, jhndfw, jid
w mj

a - 1
br
thJ, UFw
ciueil
cyfj brbkh khehL wf
Jizghl
.. ngh
yfz
FaYfu, Fafu, KaYfu
bkhw g

jhkhdt bghJthd flbfhif

btgLkhW
fj;
UFwfUJfis
khzhf
csbfhsjf fijf ff jJ
fj; brbkh khehL bjhlila
Ff bfhLJ fLiu tiua
brj.
Jizghl
fLiuia
khzhf jhnk gof, FbgLf
gWj.

2.

bkh MSik w,
thjf gnfW Vw
wffSl ngRj, vGJj,
jid w mj

br jU bghU cznfg Fu
Vw
jhl
gof
fj,
mfuKj mik g jidia
l ; ya tif brhfSfhd
vLJfhLfis
ghl
cs
ghlgF t fj.

3.

gFia goJ fUJfis

gFJ, bjhFJ,
tifgL, btgLj
mj. a brhf, w bkh
brhf, iz brhf mj

a - 2
br
ait ehgJ,
mayffP ghl
ciueil
mfuKj tuyhW
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
yatif brhf
bkhw g
a - 3
br
UtSt khiy,
esbtgh
ciueil
cyf csif

br gF fUJfis khzhf
bjhFJ Tw tfhLj. ciueil
ghlij
ikakhf
bfhL
a
brhf, wbkh brhf, iz
brhfis khzhfnu dfhQkhW
gw.
briz,
Kuiz

39

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

4.

fLiu, foj, zgfis

ca toY, KiwY,
WjFfis gagL
vGJj, kW w mj

5.

tuyhW, gghL mj

6.

ciuahl, ehlf mikJ

vGJj. f mfis
ugl, Ritgl TWj,
vGJj

ghlbghU
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
tHF
bkhw g
a - 4
br
ntfjhk, ghujjh
ciueil
a Ljiy ngh
jHf bgf gF
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
bjhifiy bjhlf
bkhw g
a - 5
br
fhto J,
uknrhHcyh
ciueil
br cUthF tuyhW
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
bjhfhiybjhlf
bkhw g
a - 6
br
Uku, njght
ciueil
ehlf fiy

fw fj braghLf
brhfis goal brj.

br ea czJtnjhL ika
fUid khzhfnu TWkhW gw ;
ciueil brfis fLiu, foj
thyhf bjf fj;

tUKiw bjhifiy bjhlfis

fj.

fhto JF ca irnahL ir
njhw fj ff brj ;
br cUthF tuyhiw tuyhW
Kiw fj ; Ff bfhLJ
thf vGj brj.

Uku cbghU btgLkhW

fj. njght ea btgl
fj ff brj; ehlf fiy
tsia Ritahf TWj Tw
brj;
ehlf fJj.

40

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

7.

gJiw m bgWj. (j
kUJt, isahL, iwa
ma fLof ...) a
brhf bghUsj,
mfuKjia gagLj mj,
kj cw w mj

8.

bkh ea mj. (ctikf,

gHbkhf, ku bjhlf
xUbrh gybghU, gybghU
xU brh mj)

9.

brhfsa bgUFj

ghlbghU
Jizghl
ehlf
yfz
MFbga
bkhw g
a - 7
br
UFw, UtUgh
ciueil
jH tha
Jizghl
fnah f
yfz
ntWik
bkhw g
a 8
br
ghuj, Koaur ghl
ciueil
njtnea ghthz
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
z a, fhu
bkhw g
a 9
br
fguhkhaz, ghujhr ghl
ciueil
fhLf
Jizghl
mUfhaf

fw fj braghLf
thifUJ ca vLJfhLf
jJ MFbgaiu fj. khzhfiu
vLJfhLf bjhFJtu brj.

UFw
fUJfis
khzhf
csbfhsjf tha ff
fijf rhnwh thif tuyhWf
T fj ; ciueil ghl t
a brhf bghU fiybrhf
Kjyhdtiw dfhz brj
bjhFf brj.
tUKiw
ntWik yfz fj.
j a br gFia Kiwahf
fgnjhL,
mtWl
fUJ
bjhlila ctikf, gHbkhf, ku
bjhlf
Kjyhdtiw
fj,
khzhfiu
bjhFf
brj,
ciueilt xU brh gybghU, gy
bghU xU brh fhQ gaj.
a

fhu
zFa
vLJfhLfis
ghlUJ
vLJfhl brj.
fha
ea,
fea,
btgl
uhkhazij fj, ghntj
fs
btgLkhW
ghliy
fj.
ciueil, Jizghl
fLiu Jizl brhfsa
bgUf gaj,
yfz
gFia K gF Roa Kiw

41

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

10.

ea ghuhLj, gilghw

ghlbghU
yfz
z cW, bkpW
bkhw g
a-10
br
KJFkhuRth isj
ciueil
ya eifRit
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
ahyfz, myfz
bkhw g

fw fj braghLf
fj mthnw ff brj.

bris Xirea btgl fj

ff brj. ea czj. Jtiu
fl br gFfSfhd eafis
khzhfnu
bjhFf
gWj.
ciueilia fj wF eifRit
JQFf gilf brj.
ah, m yfz gFfF
ghlYs
br
gFf
Jizl fj ff brj.

42

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

xgjh tF
w
1.

ciugFia ca xl
goj, ika fUjj, dh
cUthFj, dhnfw
ilaj, FbgLj,
tj, jhnd fw, jid
w mj

2.

bkh MSik w- thj

ciuahlf gnfW, Vw
wffSl ngRj, kj
cw w mj

3.

gFia goJ, fUJfis

gFJ, bjhFJ,
tifgL, btgLj
mj. a brhf, wbkh
brhf, iz brhf mj

ghlbghU
a - 1
br
thJ, brbkh thJ
UFw
ciueil
uhl bkhf
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
vGJ ( rhbgGJ ), vGJ w
bkhw g
a - 2
br
Wgr_y, ghrh rgj
ciueil
fhy fijf
Jizghl
fzjhr fg
yfz
MFbga
bkhw g
a 3
br
weh}W
FWbjhif
ciueil
flgaz
Jizghl
bfy bfy

fw fj braghLf
brSFa Xirea njhw fj
- fw; br gtifea czj
czj ;
ghl bghUid khzhfnu czU
tz dhf _y tutiHj,
thL gof brj ; khzhf jhnk
fijia goJ fUJ Tw, vGj
brj ; sf Kiw yfz
m bgw brj.
bghU
cznfg
Fu
Vw
jhl
ghlgFia
Ma
goJfho
khztfis
gof
brj ; fij brhfis dfho
khzhfiu mthnw bjhFf brj ;
MFbgaUF fhy vLJfhLf
Tw brj.

rf
yaf
Lfhd
bkheilia
khzf
czUkhW
bris gojY, mthnw gof
brjY, ghlgFYs a brhf,
wbkh brhf, iz brhfis
vLJfho
mit
nghwdtiw
bjhFf brj ; khzhf jhnk bkh
gfis iw brj.

43

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

4.

fLiu, foj, zgfis

ca totJlD, Wj
Ffis gagL vGJj

5.

tuyhW, gghL mj

6.

gJiw m bgWj. (j
kUJt, isahL,
iwama fLof)
a brhf bghUsj,
mfuKjia gagLj mj,
kW w mj

ghlbghU
yfz
bjhbga
bkhw g
a - 4
br
UFw, Lf
ciueil
Mdjuf ehF
Jizghl
K.tujuhrdh foj
yfz
brh gFgj, gfhgj
bkhw g
a - 5
br
Kbjhshu, ffJ gu
ciueil
cyfsha jHf
Jizghl
U..f. jg
yfz
tHhiy, tG, tGtik
bkhw g
a - 6
br
knkfiy
bkhbga ghlf
ciueil
cznt kUJ
Jizghl
nehF _iff - ciuahl

fw fj braghLf

UFwfUJfis cyanyhL
izJ fj ; ciueil,
Jizghl t Wj Ff
njitia cz mthnw gof,
vGj brj, fLiu vGj gw.

j aYs br, ciueil

gFf t gila jH gtif
gfis, u tuyhiw vLJ
Tw. brf gytiw khzhfiu
ul brj ; U..f. Vida j
rhnwh gy jgia bjhFf
brj.
fLiuahf ciuahlyhf
vGj brj.
j a cs
yfz
gFF
tHYs
vLJfhLf jUj.
knkfiy ghlgF K,
bjhl
gFia
bjhlgL
fj. fk bkhbga w
czU Kiw ghlgFia fJ
ff brj ; bkh bgaF g
mj.
cz kUjhF ghif
JizghlYs
_iff
wid
izJ
fhLj,
ghl tJs br gFUJ

44

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

7.

ciuahl, ehlf mikJ

vGJj. f mfis
ugl, Ritgl TWj,
vGJj, kj cw w mj

8.

bkh ea mj. (ctikf,

gHbkhf, ku bjhlf,
xUbrh gybghU, gybghU xU
brh mj)

9.

ea ghuhLj, gilghw

ghlbghU
yfz
bghUnfh
bkhw g
a - 7
br
UFw,
Rujh ghl
ciueil
bgUjiyt fhkuhr
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
z
bkhw g
a - 8
br
ehLwghl,
ehkfyh ghl
ciueil
iyaho taik
Jizghl
uh kfkh
yfz
ah -br cWf vGJ, mir, ,
jis
bkhw g
a - 9
br
Uisahl uhz - jUF
bghaj gly
kJuf ghfujh ghl

fw fj braghLf
yfzij fj.

Fwgh fUij sF fijf,

cya ff, rhnwh tha
ff t vLJ TWj,
bgUjiyt fhkuhr mtf
bjhoDF wrhWfis T
khzhfiu mJ bjhFf brj.
a, njhw, j, bfLj
zfis ghlYs
vLJfhLf t sFj
xj w ehLw ghlfis Ma T,
khzhfiu bjhFJ tu brj
irl gho khztiu ghl brj ;
iyaho
taikF,
uh
kfkhSF
Uj
Ljiy
czid
gFJ
fhLj;
W
ehlfkh eoJ fhLj;
ah
gFia gf gyt thyhf
khzhf czu brj.

uhz
fijia
bjhFJiuj.
ghuf thyhf Tw brj.
thbdh ciu uij neuo mDgt
thyhf ff brj. X ciu u
vGj fj. mo, bjhil - gFfis
ghlgF thyhf fj, ff

45

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

10.

brhfsa bgUFj

ghlbghU
ciueil
thbdh ciuu
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
br cWf mo, bjhil
bkhw g
a - 10
br
bgUudh ghl,
fP uh ghl
ciueil
cnfhs
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
m - Vfnjr, cUtf, bghU,
Jbkhj, ntWik, uiw
bkhw g

fw fj braghLf
brj. br gFfFa ea czj.

fhy fijf fPf wid

khzt
czUkhW
fj,
aYs
ghlfis
nghW
fUjh, eajh, mikgh xUF
wghlfis
bjhFf
brj.
ciueil, Jizghlt brhfsa
bgUfF
tfhl. fj.
midJ mfis ghl tJs
brfUJ vLJfhLl jUj.

46

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

gjh tF
w
1.

ciugFia ca xl
goj, ika fUjj, dh
cUthFj, dhnfw
ilaj, FbgLj,
tj, jhndfw, jid
w mj

2.

bkh MSik w: thj,

fyJiuahlf gnfW, Vw
wffSl ngRj, vGJj,
kW w mj

3.

gFia goJ fUJfis

gFJ, bjhFJ,
tifgL, btgLj
mj. a brhf, w bkh
brhf, iz brhf mj,

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

a 1
br
thJ,
UFw
Vyh
ciueil
caj brbkh
Jizghl
gkh fiyP
yfz
vGyfz - rhbgGJ Ifhu, xsfhu,
Mj, kfu FWff
bkhw g
a 2
br
ygfhu
ghujhr ghlf
ciueil
bgah bgLjiy jidf
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
brh - _tifbkh, idKW,
idbar
bkhw g
a 3
br
fguhkhaz
ciueil
mz mngf

Uthrf cUf czJ ghl,

gof brj; ea czJj.
UFw kW Vyh nghw
f mwfUJfis ff,
fijf, w yaf t khzhf
kdbfhs fj.
j, j
rhnwh bgUik ygLkhW ghl
gFia w t fj.

sFKiw t yfz gFia

fj. khzhf vLJfhLfis
bjhFf tfhLj.

snfhtof fw ygl ghl

gFia
fj.
ghntj
jGz btgLkhW ghlgFia
fJ khzhf czu brj.
bga ga bgah jidnahL
rhnwh gy jidfis xL
fj fLiu, fij gilf
l ; gokw, tHfhL kw
Kja ya rht fUl
jUj. yfz gFfF ghlt
vLJfhLf fhz tfhLj.
uhkhaz
ghl
gFia
bjhlgL fj,
fg
feaK, uhkhaz fha eaK
njhw fj.
ciueil kW
Jizghlt w gF tJs

47

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

kj cw w mj

Jizghl
mwhl th rl
yfz
bghJ, F, btgil, dFj,
mLFbjhl, uils,
ctik cUtf khw
bkhw g

wf tiu Ma tfhLj.
viz, neiz, br iz
Ma brhfis vLJfho fj;

4.

fLiu, foj, zgfis

ca toY KiwY
WjFfis gagL
vGJj

a 4
br
weh}W, eiz
ciueil
ngRfiy
Jizghl
mzh foj
yfz
dhtif ,
iltif, xUbghU gbkh.
bkhw g

rf ya ghlf Lfhd eil,

ghl czJ gila jH rhf,
btgLkhW fjY, ff brjY ;
nguP
mzh
vGjhw,
mthwiy vLJfho fj,
brhbghthw
gaj.
eilKiwYs vLJfhLf jJ
(xU bghU gbkh) fj.

5.

tuyhW, gghL mj

a - 5
br
bgauhz - maof uhz,
ciueil
iuglfiy cUthd fij
Jizghl
ghuj udh v.. uhkru
yfz
ctk cUf
bkhw g

bgauhz vGj tuyhW bjho

w, fhaea czUkhW fj ;
iugl njhw - ts tuyhW
mkhW fj,
Jizghlij
izJ fj ; yfzfhd
gFia sfKiw fj.

48

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

ghlbghU

fw fj braghLf

6.

ciuahl, ehlf mikJ

vGJj. f mfis
ugl, Ritgl TWj,
vGJj

a - 6
br
jL J
ciueil
bjhik jHf
Jizghl
jfhy bjha Mf(ciuahl)
yfz
z, a, fhu, irbga,
gbga
bkhw g

brFa XirnahL - irnahL

fj, ff brj, ea czj,
jHf
bjhikia
sF
ciueil, Jizghlt fgnjhL
wrhWfnshL izJ fj ;
Jizghl
brfis
ciuahl,
ehlf totikf gWj. br
gFnahL izJ z yfz
fj.

7.

bkh ea mj. (ctikf,

gHbkhf, ku bjhlf,
xUbrh gybghU, gybghU
xU brh mj)

a - 7
br
UFw
njthu
ciueil
jbkh ma jidf
Jizghl
Wfij
yfz
bghU mf
bkhw g

UFw jU mwbeF CWneuh

tz
Vw
ctik
bjhlf,
gHbkhf, ku bjhlf TWj; Tw
brj,
njthu ghlYF ca
irnahL ir njhw fj;
ciueil t ma fiy brhf
ma brj,
bkh gfis
Kiwahf iwntw Ma tfhl.

8.

gJiw m bgWj.
(j kUJt, isahL,
iwama
fLof ...) a brhf
bghUsj, mfuKjia
gagLj mj

a 8
br
wh uhz
ciueil
fha
Jizghl
Wfij

whuhz fUJfis Ryh beF

Vg fj, ca bghUsa mfuh
fhQ g mj;
mz
fhaof ehLz btgLkhW
fgnjhL fha bfhiff
wid fj ciueil fhL
brhbwhl tif ma brj.

49

bghJ ghll - 2009 j

9.

brhfsa bgUFj, kj
cw w mj

10.

ea ghuhLj, gilghw

ghlbghU
yfz
bghU w
bkhw g
a 9
br
fbjhif
efygf
eyhu a ugj
ciueil
UtUufhr tsyh
Jizghl
mnahjhr goj
yfz
gh tiff
bkhw g
a 10
br
rhiy. siua ghl
ciueil
gJiw ntiythf
Jizghl
yf
yfz
m : jFngw, trf,
uLwbkhj, brbkhnyil,
bkh nyil, tUiy,
Jbkhj
bkhw g

fw fj braghLf

rf
ya
bgUik
ygl
fbjhifia bfhL fj,
ya brGik btgl e
fygfij ikakhf bfhL fj;
Fynrfu Mth gia czu brj,
gFYs br, ciueilf t,
brhfsa bgUf g mj.
ciueil t kj nea cz bgw
brj.mnahjhr goj Uj
cs ygl rhWf jJ fj,
yfzgFfhd vLJfhLfis
ghlUJ vLJfho fj.
gFYs
brnshL
Jtiu
fl br gFfis id TJ
ea ghuhl fj, fij, fLiu,
Wfij, Wfij gilf g
mj. yfij ifahS wid
gw.
ghlYs
mfSFa
nknfhfis
ghl
tJs
br gFfUJ vLJfho
fj.

50