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Sap2000 v17 Folleto Caracteristicas Brochure Ingles
Sap2000 v17 Folleto Caracteristicas Brochure Ingles
SAP2000 represents the most sophisticated and user-friendly release of the SAP series of computer programs.
When initially released in 1996, SAP2000 was the first version of SAP to be completely integrated within Microsoft
Windows. It features a powerful graphical user interface that is unmatched in terms of ease-of-use and
productivity. Creation and modification of the model, execution of the analysis, and checking and optimization of
the design, and production of the output are all accomplished using this single interface. A single structural model
can be used for a wide variety of different types of analysis and design.
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The SAP name has been synonymous with state-of-the-art analytical methods since its introduction over
30 years ago. SAP2000 follows in the same tradition featuring a very sophisticated, intuitive and
versatile user interface powered by an unmatched analysis engine and design tools for engineers
working on transportation, industrial, public works, sports, and other facilities.
From its 3D object based graphical modeling environment to the wide variety of analysis and design
options completely integrated across one powerful user interface, SAP2000 has proven to be the most
integrated, productive and practical general purpose structural program on the market today. This
intuitive interface allows you to create structural models rapidly and intuitively without long learning
curve delays. Now you can harness the power of SAP2000 for all of your analysis and design tasks,
including small day-to-day problems. Complex Models can be generated and meshed with powerful built
in templates. Integrated design code features can automatically generate wind, wave, bridge, and
seismic loads with comprehensive automatic steel and concrete design code checks per US, Canadian
and international design standards.
Advanced analytical techniques allow for step-by-step large deformation analysis, Eigen and Ritz
analyses based on stiffness of nonlinear cases, catenary cable analysis, material nonlinear analysis with
fiber hinges, multi-layered nonlinear shell element, buckling analysis, progressive collapse analysis,
energy methods for drift control, velocity-dependent dampers, base isolators, support plasticity and
nonlinear segmental construction analysis. Nonlinear analyses can be static and/or time history, with
options for FNA nonlinear time history dynamic analysis and direct integration.
From a simple small 2D static frame analysis to a large complex 3D nonlinear dynamic analysis,
SAP2000 is the easiest, most productive solution for your structural analysis and design needs.
SAP2000 offers a single unified user interface for modeling, analysis and design.
Autocad-like snap tools for fast and easy model creation Zoom controls Standard views XY, XZ, YZ,
3D Live multiple graphical windows that make for easy navigation of complex models Active planar
view is automatically highlighted in the 3D view window Developed elevation option to define custom
views, including "unwrapping" cylindrical and irregular geometry Define working planes for creating
and editing complex geometries
Coordinate Systems/Grids : Cartesian Cylindrical
Generalized Grid Sytems - allows for a system comprised of arbitrarily defined grid lines.
Models can have multiple coordinate systems/grids which can be rotated in any direction.
More responsive graphical user interface DirectX graphics External tools developed by third parties
can be accessed in SAP2000 Open API functionality is complete and available without additional
license Users can add their own documents to be accessed through the SAP2000 Help menu
Numerous new selection methods added, including parallel to object, polygon fence and poly-line
intersection, and by supports and constraints "Fly" through models using user-defined paths Rightbutton information forms now allow easy editing of all items
Section Designer
Specialized sections Allows users to
create any arbitrary shape and any user
defined material Automatically
calculates all section properties
Generates biaxial interaction diagram for
concrete sections Moment curvature
diagrams Parametric shape generation
Frame element fiber hinges for arbitrary
sections can be defined using Section
designer More control over material
properties, including Mander model for all
sections Powerful Graphical Interface
for Locating Reinforcement Properties
for concrete only sections, steel encased
sections and steel only sections
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SAP2000 OBJECTS
POINT OBJECTS: The Spring Element: Joint to ground (support) spring with gap element
Automatic spring calculation from foundation surface Global and skewed springs Coupled 6x6 user
defined spring stiffness option (for foundation modeling) Fully-coupled 6x6 linear spring and
dashpot Link degrees of freedom can be rigid to act as constraints or restraints
LINE OBJECTS: The 2D and 3D Beam and Truss Element- Frame Element: The Frame
Element in SAP2000 can be either a straight or curved element Curved beam element Multiple
non-prismatic segments over element length Point, uniform and trapezoidal loading in any direction
Temperature and thermal gradient loading Prestress loading Automated end offset evaluation
Moment and shear releases Built-in steel sections Frame member cardinal points and joint offsets
Intermediate joints will automatically be generated where other members intersect with frame to
ensure finite element connectivity
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Tendon Elements
Tendons are easily drawn as independent objects, with geometry specified as straight lines, parabolas,
circular curves, or other arbitrary shapes SAP2000 automatically connects the tendons to the frame,
shell, or solid objects that contain them External tendons can also be modeled Tendon loads,
including all losses, are easily specified. For simple analyses, tendons can be simply used to create
loads that act on the structure Tendons can instead be modeled as elements that interact with the
rest of the structure. Using this approach, staged-construction analysis can consider the sequence
with which tendons are added, tensioned, and affected by time-dependent creep and shrinkage.
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Cable Elements
Geometry definition options
Minimum tension at I and/or J end Tension at I and/or J end Horizontal tension component
Maximum vertical sag Low-point vertical sag Undeformed length Relative undeformed length
Deformed cable geometry
Define as: Single Cable Multiple cable segments
Catenary cable behavior
Large-displacement cable element can model tension-stiffening and the effects of large rotations.
The cable shape automatically adapts to the applied loading, and will buckle out of the way under
applied compression.
Applications include suspension and cable-stayed bridges, guyed towers, pipeline risers, and more.
When used in conjunction with staged construction, realistic stresses and stiffnesses of the structure
can be found.
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SOLID Elements
Eight-node solid element based on isoparametric formulation with incompatible modes.
Solid elements can support degenerate solids where nodes are collapsed (duplicated) to make
wedges and tetrahedra.
Useful for modeling three-dimensional objects in which loading, boundary conditions, section
properties or reactions vary by thickness.
Area elements can be extruded into solids Anisotropic material properties
Gravity, thermal, surface pressure and pressure gradient loading options.
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Link Elements
SAP2000 has a many different link elements available for users to accurately represent the behavior of
a structure.
Linear Multi-linear Elastic Multi-linear Plastic Gaps Hooks Dampers Friction Isolators
Rubber Isolators T/C Isolators Frequency-dependent Springs
Link may be placed between any two joints or from joint to ground Viscous damper with nonlinear
exponent on velocity term Gap (compression only) and Hook (tension only) Uniaxial plasticity (all
6 degrees of freedom) Base isolator with biaxial plasticity behavior Base isolator with friction
and/or pendulum behavior AVI file option for creating real time displays of nonlinear deformation
behavior Force versus Deformation plots of nonlinear systems for energy dissipation studies.
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Hinge Properties
Users can create and apply hinge properties to perform pushover analyses in SAP2000.
Nonlinear Fiber Hinges
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Using multiple hinges along the length of an element represents the full 3-D
nonlinearity in a member, although for most practical cases this is not needed.
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Strain Loads
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SAP2000 ANALYSIS
General Analysis Details
Multi-Processor /Multi-Threading Analysis Solvers: Solvers that have been tried and tested
by the industry for over 35 years. - Lightening fast analysis times and solution capacity 64 bit and
multi-processor/multi-threading algorithms. Numerous enhancements have been made in the analysis
to increase efficiency and minimize memory usage. New analysis features include: New Solver Added alternate solver for extremely efficient runtimes and storage utilization Advanced SAPFire
Analysis Engine Multiple 64-Bit Solvers for analysis optimization Eigen Analysis: New Eigen Solver Added alternate Eigen solver for efficient solution of systems with large variations in stiffness and
mass properties Autoshifting for ill-conditioned problems Ritz Analysis
Static and Dynamic Analysis with Frame, Shell and Solid Objects
Response Spectrum Analysis with Eigen or Ritz Vectors
P-Delta + Large displacement Analysis Joint Constraints including Rigid Bodies & Diaphragms
Applied Force and Displacement Loading Gravity, Pressure and Thermal Loading Layered Shell
Element Plane, Asolid and Solid Objects Time History Analysis, including Multiple Base Excitation
Post Tensioning in Frame, Area and Solid Objects Relaxation & Anchorage Slip Losses in Tendons
Frequency Domain Analysis Power Spectral Density Moving Loads Time Dependent Concrete
Creep & Shrinkage Effects Frame Hinges for Axial, Flexural, Shear & Torsional Behavior Nonlinear
Static Pushover Analysis Viscous Dampers Fiber Hinges Base Isolators Gap Object for Structural
Pounding Dynamic Effects of Moving Loads Segmental Construction Analysis Time History with
Wilson FNA or Direct Integration Methods API Simplified Fatigue Analysis New deformation loads
for Frame and Cable elements Automatic iteration for target forces in Frame and Cable elements
Blocked active column equation solver Automated fast profile optimization Generalized joint
constraint options including rigid bodies, diaphragms, rods and welds Applied force and applied
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displacement loading Gravity, pressure and thermal loading Eigen analysis with an accelerated
subspace iteration algorithm Ritz analysis for fast predominant mode evaluation for earthquake loads
Multi-directional response spectrum analysis Multiple response spectrum cases in single run
Modal combination by the SRSS, the CQC or the GMC (Gupta) method Directional combinations by
the ABS or the SRSS method Static and dynamic response combinations and envelopes Control
over selective execution of analysis cases Automatic multiple run batch capability from inside GUI
Variety of built in response spectrum input functions Hyperstatic analysis for secondary effects of
prestressing forces Soil (area) springs can now be tension-only or compression-only springs
Improved automated load combinations for design Enhanced display of failure modes for steel-frame
design
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Steady-state analysis is available to determine the response of the structure due to cyclic
(harmonic, sinusoidal) loading over a range of frequencies.
Multiple loads may be applied at different phase angles.
The structure may be damped or undamped.
Frequency-dependent stiffness and damping (complex impedance) properties may be included
for modeling foundations and far-field effects, including radiation damping.
The response may be viewed at any phase angle. The effects of multiple machines operating
at different frequencies can be considered by combining the results of several analyses in the
same model.
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Buckling Analysis
Linear buckling (bifurcation) modes of a structure can be found under any set of loads.
Multiple buckling modes can be found, each giving the mode shape and the buckling factor of
safety.
Multiple sets of loads can be considered. Buckling modes can be found for the structure at the
end of any staged construction case or any nonlinear static or dynamic analysis.
Nonlinear buckling analysis is also available considering P-delta or large-deflections effects.
Snap-through buckling behavior can be captured using static analysis with displacement
control.
Dynamic analysis can also be used for modeling buckling, including follower-load problems.
Linear and nonlinear buckling analysis can be combined for the greatest flexibility in
understanding structural instabilities.
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Pushover Analysis
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Offshore Analysis:
Integrated Object Based Models Wave Load
Generator Frame, Cable, Tendon, Shell and Solid
Object Libraries Auto Edge Constraints for
Mismatched Shell Meshes Wind Loading on Open
Structures Line and Surface Multi-Linear Springs
(P-y curves) Gravity, Pressure and Thermal
Loading Any Combination of Static and Dynamic
Analyses
Model Alive
For small to medium sized structures, analysis can be performed on-the fly as you build and
modify the model.
For each change you make to the geometry, properties, or loading, the structure instantly responds
with the new deformed shape, moment diagram, or any other plot of results. Its like working with a live
model, and it is a very powerful tool for conceptual design and for testing "what-if" scenarios.
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SAP2000 DESIGN
Steel Frame Design
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Virtual Work
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AISI-ASD 96
AISI-LRFD 96
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AA-ASD 2000
AA-LRFD 2000
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Deformed Geometry
Users can display deformed geometry based
on any load, or combination of loads.
Option to animate deflections
Various mode shapes of the modal analysis
can be shown and animated.
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Section Cuts
The resultant (free-body) forces and moments across any cut in the structure can be defined
using section cuts. A section cut can have any shape, and can be used to compute story shears,
connecting forces, design forces in shear walls, and for many other purposes. Section cut results
can be obtained for all types of load cases and combinations.
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Report Generator
Pre-formatted printed reports are now available at the push of a button. These reports include
all pertinent model data and the results of analysis and design.
Data is presented in tabulated format, along with graphics, table of contents, and a cover sheet
displaying project information and your company name and logo.
Reports can be created in RTF file format for Microsoft Word or in HTML format for web
presentations.
You can use the built-in template, or create your own template as a company standard or
specialized for a particular project.
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Output Tables
Output tables can be sorted, edited and/or exported to Excel or Access for easier, more efficient
review of results. Sort by ascending or descending min and max values for any field in any
direction in seconds.
Exported SAP2000 tables can be merged within Microsoft Access to create a single table
containing fields from multiple SAP2000 tables to further customize output.
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SAP2000s sophisticated analytical methods and design algorithms directly address the Oil and Gas
industrys structural engineering requirements. Analytical features include the ability to easily capture
rotational acceleration due to pitch, roll and yaw; perform simple linear or complete nonlinear snapthrough buckling analyses; compute frequency-domain response for harmonic and non-harmonic
periodic loading; calculate power-spectral density response; apply automated wave loading and API 4F
wind loading; pushover analysis and much more. The implementation of the API 4F, API 2A (offshore
structures) and Norsok N-004 (offshore structures) design codes allows the engineer to optimize
designs with greater accuracy and speed, including punching shear checks. Structural models are very
easily created through the integrated 3D SAP2000 environment where users can model all structural
geometry, complex built-up sections, loading, and analytical components. Spreadsheet capability is
integrated within the graphical environment for creating or modifying the model as well as viewing or
processing the analysis and design results. Customizable reports can be produced that include graphical
and tabular data. The Open Application Programming Interface (OAPI) can be used to develop specialpurpose plug-in tools or to link with in-house programs.
In addition to translational acceleration loads, SAP2000 allows users to apply rotational acceleration
loads to easily capture pitch, roll, and yaw effects. These accelerations can be applied as static and/or
dynamic loads.
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SAP2000 offers true nonlinear cable elements with catenary behavior and large displacement analysis.
Coupling this with dynamic analysis enables engineers to capture true inertial effects along with the
complex changes in behavior as members forces change from tension to compression and vice versa
during various lift or launch stages.
API 4F
For offshore and drilling structures, SAP2000 offers automated API 4F wind load generation and
comprehensive design code unity checks. Wind loads can be applied from any angle relative to the
structure and local axis of the members. Loads are automatically modified to include the effects of
shielding, cladding, and ice.
The API 4F design code check accounts for the difference between shielded and unshielded wind loads
on an element-by-element basis per the design specification.
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Buckling Analysis
SAP2000 offers linear Eigen buckling and nonlinear snap-through
buckling analysis, either of which may be necessary when designing
tall mast structures.
Nonlinear buckling analysis also includes the effects of large
displacements.
Offshore Module
The Offshore module offers the API 2A and Norsok N-004 design checks, which include checks for
joint-can punching shear. The module also includes Airy, Stokes 5th-order, and cnoidal wave theory
options. Water currents can simultaneously load the portions of the structure below the water line
with automated corrections for marine growth as a function of depth, drag and inertia effects, and
buoyancy. The user can view resultant wave velocities and accelerations graphically with color coded
plots or produce output tables of the values that can be exported to Excel.
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P-Delta Analysis
Wave Loading
View resultant wave velocity and acceleration
graphically with color coded plots, or through output
tables which can be brought into Excel.
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Section Designer
SAP2000 has an integrated Section Designer
makes it easy to define composite and builtup section properties
The user can see details of complex built-up
section geometries using the rendered
extruded view option of SAP2000.
Using the concepts of insertion point and
cardinal point, frame members may be
modeled using centerline, top of steel,
bottom of steel, or any other arbitrary
reference lines. This allows the convenient
alignment of members with a know datum.
The effect of the eccentricity upon the
connections is automatically accounted for.
Shell elements may also be offset from the reference surface. Combining frames and shells offset from
a common set of connection nodes is an effective way to model composite behavior.
A layered shell is available to model composite materials. Each layer may have different isotropy and
orientation, so that fiber-wrapped and other built-up constructions can be represented.
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Center of Gravity
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The following Enhancements have been implemented for SAP2000 v17.1.0 and 17.1.1:
The window refresh speed for Classical Plus graphics has been improved.
The speed of analysis has been increased.
Steel frame design according to IS 800:2007 has been updated to include Amendment #1.
Other minor enhancements.
6 Aug 2014
22 May 2014
The Chinese section-property database files have been enhanced by adding new sections.
A bilinear Maxwell damper has been implemented as a new link property. This device is a linear
spring in series with a dashpot whose force-velocity relationship exhibits bilinear viscous
behavior, typical of certain oil dampers having a relief valve.
A friction-spring hysteretic damper has been implemented as a new link property. The forcedisplacement relationship exhibits linear slipping stiffness when loading, but unloads with a
smaller slipping stiffness. A pre-compression displacement and a displacement stop-limit may be
specified.
The specification of the notional size used for time-dependent creep and shrinkage analysis has
been enhanced to now be specified with the frame and shell section properties instead of with
the material property.
A new staged-construction operation Change Section & Age is now available allowing
specification of the Age at Add when changing frame sections or shell sections.
Table output can now request the correspondence between the response components at a
single location for additive-, range-, and enveloping-type load combinations. Results that admit
correspondence includes most displacement, force, and stress response quantities.
The import of primary data from SACS data files is now available.
12 Sep 2013
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7 Feb 2013
The memory capacity has been increased for the graphical user interface, allowing larger models
to be handled.
The analysis of certain non-symmetrical frame sections now accounts for coupled bending due to
the product of inertia, I23, and for the coupling between major shear (V2) and torsion when the
shear center is not located at the centroid of the section. Steel frame design and cold-formed
frame design are not affected except as may due to changes in analysis results. Steel frame
design was already accounting for the rotated principal axes of bending for angle sections as
documented for the various codes.
The number of time steps that can be run in a single linear or nonlinear (FNA) modal
time-history load case has been increased for cases with a large number of link elements.
Italian material property definitions have been added.
Steel frame design using the "AS4100-1998" and "NZS 3404-1997" codes have been enhanced
to provide more design details.
Mass participation ratios for the rotational acceleration loads (RX, RY,and RZ) have been
changed so that they are now reported with respect to the centroid of the structure. Previously
they were reported with respect to the global origin.
The import of StruCAD*3D models has been enhanced to allow the import of the Cb, Cm, and
unbraced-length design overwrites.
31 Oct 2011
Chinese design has been updated to the 2010 specifications for seismic load patterns, responsespectrum functions, load combinations, concrete frame design, and the seismic provisions for
steel frame design. These enhancements are consistent with the following specifications:
GB50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings, GB 50010-2010 Code for design of
concrete structures, and JGJ 3-2010 Technical specification for concrete structures of tall
building.
Concrete frame design has been added according to Turkish standard "TS 500-2000", including
Seismic Design Code 2007.
The National Annex for Poland has been implemented for concrete frame design using
Eurocode 2-2004.
The National Annex for Poland has been implemented for concrete frame design using
Eurocode 3-2005.
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The definition of material properties has been enhanced to allow user-defined standard materials
through the use of XML files. Properties are segregated by region and by code-standard within
these files as well as when using the materials in the graphical user interface. New materials
have been added for China and Spain.
Steel frame section properties for the AISC Shapes Database Version 14.0 are now available in
the section-property database files for U.S Customary and metric units.
Data transfer between SAP2000 v15.1.0 and Revit Structure 2012 is now supported using the
same .EXR file format that is used to transfer data between ETABS and Revit Structure.
11 Aug 2011
User-defined stress points may now be specified for Section Designer frame sections.
The OAPI (Open Application Programming Interface) has been changed so that multiple
instances of SAP2000 can now be started from an external program or script.
New functionality has been added to the Open API (Open Application Programing Interface) for
the design codes.
16 Jun 2011
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