KHA LUYN 10 T 8 IM

S 1
Cu 1. Mt ion M3+c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht
khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l
A. [Ar]3d54s1.
B. [Ar]3d64s2.
6 1
C. [Ar]3d 4s .
D. [Ar]3d34s2.
Cu 2. Dy gm cc cht trong phn t ch c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc l:
A. O2, H2O, NH3.
B. H2O, HF, H2S.
C. HCl, O3, H2S.
D. HF, Cl2, H2O.
Cu 3. Cho tng cht: Fe, FeO, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, FeCO3 ln
lt p vi HNO3 c, nng. S phn ng thuc loi p oxi ho-kh l
A.5.
B. 7.
C. 6.
D. 8.
Cu 4. Cho cn bng ho hc sau: 2SO2 (k)+O2(k)2SO3 (k); H <0.
Cho cc bin php: (1)tng nhit , (2) tng p sut chung ca h phn ng, (3) h nhit , (4) dng thm
cht xc tc V2O5, (5) gim nng SO3, (6) gim p sut chung ca h phn ng. Nhng bin php no lm
cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun?
A.(1), (2), (4), (5).
B. (2), (3), (5).
C. (2), (3), (4), (6).
D. (1), (2), (4).
Cu 5. Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao nhiu
cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH?
A.3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 6. Trn 100 ml dd (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dd (gm H2SO4 0,0375Mv HCl
0,0125M), thu c dd X. Gi tr pH ca dd X l
A.7.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 6.
Cu 7. Dd X cha cc ion: Fe3+, SO42-, NH4+, Cl-. Chia dd X thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt t/d vi lng d dd NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta;
- Phn hai t/d vi lng d dd BaCl2, thu c 4,66 gam kt ta.
Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dd X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi)
A. 3,73 gam.
B. 7,04 gam.
C. 7,46 gam.
D. 3,52 gam.
Cu 8. Nhit phn 4,385 gam hn hp X gm KClO3 v KMnO4, thu c O2 v m gam cht rn gm
K2MnO4, MnO2 v KCl. Ton b lng O2 tc dng ht vi cacbon nng , thu c 0,896 lt hn hp kh
Y(ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l16.Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca KMnO4 trong X l
A.74,92%.
B. 72,06%.
C. 27,94%.
D. 62,76%.
Cu 9. Hh kh X gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi He bng 1,8. un nng X mt thi gian trong bnh kn (c bt
Fe lm xc tc), thu c hh kh Y c t khi so vi He bng 2. Hiu sut ca p tng hp NH3 l
A. 25%.
B. 50%.
C. 36%.
D. 40%.
Cu 10. Cho cc cp oxi ho - kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ho ca dng oxi ha nh sau:
Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu, Fe3+/Fe2+.Pht biu no sau y l ng?
2+
2+
2+
2+
3+
A.Fe oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu .
B. Cu oxi ho c Fe thnh Fe .
3+
2+
2+
C.Fe oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu .
D. Cu kh c Fe thnhFe.
Cu 11. Cho 5,376 lt kh CO ( ktc) t t i qua ng s nung nng ng 10,44 gam mt oxit st n khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton. Kh thu c sau phn ng c t khi so vi hiro bng 20. Cng thc ca oxit st v phn
trm th tch ca kh CO2 trong hn hp kh sau phn ng l
A. FeO; 75%.
B. Fe2O3; 75%.
C. Fe2O3; 65%.
D. Fe3O4; 75%.
Cu 12. Cho 22,65 gam hh bt gm Zn v Cu c t l mol tng ng l 5: 2 vo dd cha 0,2 mol Fe2(SO4)3. Sau
khi cc p xy ra hon ton, thu c m gam kim loi. Gi tr ca m l
A. 12,80.
B. 9,20.
C. 6,40.
D. 16,53
Cu 13. Mt cc nc c cha cc ion: Na+ (0,02mol), Mg2+ (0,02mol), Ca2+(0,04 mol), HCO3-(0,12mol) v
2
SO4 (0,01mol). un si cc nc trn cho n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton th nc cn li trong cc
A.l nc mm.
B. c tnh cng vnh cu.
C.c tnh cng ton phn.
D. c tnh cng tmthi.
Cu 14. Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dd hh gm KOH 0,15M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M, sinh ra
m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca ml
A.19,70.
B. 14,775.
C. 24,625.
D. 4,925.

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Cu 15. Cho V lt dd NaOH 2M vo dd cha 0,1 mol Al2(SO4)3 v 0,1 mol H2SO4 n khi p hon ton, thu c
7,8 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V thu c lng kt ta trn l
A.0,45.
B. 0,35.
C. 0,25.
D. 0,05.
Cu 16. Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo dd cha 0,3 mol H2SO4 c, nng (gi thit SO2 l sn phm kh duy nht). Sau
khi p xy ra hon ton, thu c
A.0,03 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,06 mol FeSO4.
B. 0,05 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,02 mol Fe d.
C.0,02 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,08 mol FeSO4.
D. 0,12 mol FeSO4.
Cu 17. Nung nng m gam hh gm Al v Fe3O4 trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sau khi p xy ra hon
ton, thu c hh rn X. Cho X t/d vi dd NaOH(d) thu c dd Y, cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Sc
kh CO2 (d) vo dd Y, thu c 39 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A.45,6.
B. 48,3.
C. 36,7.
D. 57,0.
Cu 18. Pht biu khng ng l:
A.Cc hp cht CrO, Cr(OH)2 t/d c vi dd HCl cn CrO3 t/d c vi dd NaOH.
B.Thm dd kim vo mui icromat, mui ny chuyn thnh mui cromat.
C.Cc hp cht Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,CrO, Cr(OH)2 u c tnh cht lngtnh.
D.Hp cht Cr(II) c tnh kh c trng cn hp cht Cr(VI) c tnh oxi ho mnh.
Cu 19. Ha tan hon ton 2,7 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Cr, Al bng dung dch HCl d, thu c 1,568 lt kh H2
(ktc). Mt khc, cho 2,7 gam X phn ng hon ton vi kh Cl2 d, thu c 9,09 gam mui. Khi lng Al trong
2,7 gam X l bao nhiu?
A.1,08 gam.
B. 0,54 gam.
C. 0,81 gam.
D. 0,27 gam.
Cu 20. Ho tan hh gm: K2O, BaO, Al2O3, Fe3O4 vo nc (d), thu c dd X v cht rn Y. Sc kh CO2 n
d vo dd X, sau khi cc p xy ra hon ton thu c kt ta l
A. Fe(OH)3.
B. K2CO3.
C. Al(OH)3.
D. BaCO3.
Cu 21. Khi nhit phn hon ton tng mui X, Y th u to ra s mol kh nh hn s mol mui tng ng. t
mt lng nh tinh th Y trn n kh khng mu, thy ngn la c mu vng. Hai mui X, Y ln lt l:
A.KMnO4, NaNO3.
B. Cu(NO3)2, NaNO3.
C. CaCO3, NaNO3.
D. NaNO3, KNO3.
Cu 22. C 4 dd mui ring bit: CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm dd KOH (d) ri thm tip dd NH3 (d)
vo 4 dd trn th s cht kt ta thu c l
A.2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 23. Cho cc phn ng sau:
(a)H2S+ SO2
(b)Na2S2O3+dung dch H2SO4(long)
to
(c) SiO2 + Mg
(d) Al2O3 + dung dch NaOH

tilemol 1:2

(e) Ag + O3
(g) SiO2 + dung dch HF
S phn ng to ra n cht l
A.3.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 24. Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo 400 ml dd HNO3 1M, n khi p xy ra hon ton, thu c kh NO (sn phm
kh duy nht) v ddX. Dd X c th ho tan ti a m gam Cu. Gi tr ca m l
A.1,92.
B. 3,20.
C. 0,64.
D. 3,84.
Cu 25. un nng m gam hh Cu v Fe c t l khi lng tng ng 7:3 vi mt lng dung dch HNO3. Khi cc
phn ng kt thc, thu c 0,75m gam cht rn, dung dch X v 5,6 lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm NO v NO2
(khng c sn phm kh khc ca N+5 ). Bit lng HNO3 phn ng l 44,1 gam. Gi tr ca ml
A.50,4.
B. 40,5.
C. 44,8.
D. 33,6.
Cu 26. Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dd H2SO4 long (d), thu c dd X. Dd X p va vi V ml dd KMnO4
0,5M.Gi tr ca V l
A.40.
B. 80.
C. 60.
D. 20.
Cu 27. S ng phn cu to ca C5H10phn ng c vi dung dch broml
A.8.
B. 7.
C. 9.
D. 5.
Cu 28. Hh X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X, tng
khi lng caCO2 vH2O thu c l
A.20,40 gam.
B. 18,60 gam.
C. 18,96 gam.
D. 16,80 gam.

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Cu 29. Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):

(a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh.
(b)Phenol c tnh axit nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lmi mu qutm.
(c) Phenol c dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc.
(d)Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay thhn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc bromvo dung dch phenol thy xut hin ktta.
S pht biu ng l
A.4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D.3
Cu 30. Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu c l
A.3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C.3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
Cu 31. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai ancol, thu c13,44 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 15,3 gam
H2O. Mt khc, cho m gam X tc dng vi Na (d), thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc).Gi tr ca m l
A.12,9.
B. 15,3.
C. 12,3.
D. 16,9.
Cu 32. Cho 0,1 mol hh X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng
vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Hai anehit trong X l
A. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
B. HCHO v CH3CHO.
C. C2H3CHO v C3H5CHO.
D. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
Cu 33. Cho 0,125 mol anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 27
gam Ag. Mt khc, hiro ho hon ton 0,25 mol X cn va 0,5 mol H2. Dy ng ng ca X c cng thc
chung l
A.CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0).
B. CnH2n-3CHO(n 2).
C.CnH2n+1CHO(n 0).
D. CnH2n-1CHO(n 2).
Cu 34. Hh X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic.trung ho m gam X cn 40 mldd NaOH 1M. Mt
khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol ca axit
linoleic trong m gam hh X l
A. 0,015.
B. 0,010.
C. 0,020.
D. 0,005.
Cu 35. Trung ho 8,2 gam hh gm axit fomic v mt axitn chc X cn 100 ml ddNaOH 1,5M. Nu cho 8,2
gam hh trn t/d vi mt lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng th thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit acrylic.
B. axit propanoic.
C. axit etanoic.
D. axit metacrylic.
Cu 36. Cho dy cc cht: phenylaxetat, anlylaxetat, metylaxetat, etylfomat, tripanmitin. S cht trong dy khi
thy phn trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng sinh ra ancol l
A.2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 37. Cho 200 gam mt loi cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 tc dng va vi mt lng NaOH, thu c
207,55 gam hn hp mui khan. Khi lng NaOH tham gia phn ng l
A.31,45 gam.
B. 31 gam.
C. 32,36 gam.
D. 30 gam.
Cu 38. Cho 10g amin n chc X p hon ton vi HCl (d), thu c 15g mui. S ng phn cu to ca X l
A.4.
B. 8.
C. 5.
D. 7.
Cu 39. Hh X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X t/d hon ton vi dd NaOH (d), thu c dd Y cha
(m+30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X t/d hon ton vi dd HCl, thu c dd Z cha (m+36,5) gam mui.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 112,2.
B. 165,6.
C. 123,8.
D. 171,0.
Cu 40. un nng cht H2N-CH2-CONH-CH(CH3)-CONH-CH2-COOH trong dd HCl(d), sau khi cc p kt
thc thu c sn phm l:
+
+
A.H2N-CH2-COOH,H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH. B.H3N -CH2-COOHCl ,H3N -CH2-CH2-COOHCl
+
+
C. H3N -CH2-COOHCl ,H3N CH(CH3)-COOHCl D. H2N-CH2-COOH,H2N-CH(CH3)-COOH.
Cu 41. Cho hh X gm hai cht hu c c cng cng thc phn t C2H7NO2 t/d vi 300 ml dd NaOH 1M v un
nng, thu c dd Y v 4,48 lt hh Z ( ktc) gm hai kh (u lm xanh giy qu m).T khi hi ca Z i vi
H2 bng13,75. C cn dd Y thu c khi lng rn khan l
A.18,3gam.
B. 15,7 gam.
C. 14,3 gam.
D. 8,9 gam.

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Cu 42. C mt s nhn xt v cacbohirat nh sau:

(1)Saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz u c th b thu phn.
(2)Glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz u tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 v c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng
bc.
(3)Tinh bt v xenluloz l ng phn cu to ca nhau.
(4)Phn t xenluloz c cu to bi nhiu gc -glucoz.
(5)Thu phn tinh bt trong mi trng axit sinh ra fructoz
(6)Glucoz v saccaroz u l cht rn c v ngt, d tan trong nc.
(7) Tinh bt v xenluloz u l polisaccarit.
(8)Trong dung dch, glucoz v saccaroz u ho tan Cu(OH)2,to phc mu xanh lam.
(9)Khi thu phn hon ton hn hp gm tinh bt v saccaroz trong mi trng axit, ch thu c mt loi
monosaccarit duy nht.
(10)Khi un nng glucoz (hoc fructoz) vi dung dch AgNO3 trongNH3 thuc Ag.
S pht biung l
A.5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
Cu 43. Ancol etylic c iu ch t tinh bt bng phng php ln men vi hiu sut ton b qu trnh l 90%.
Hp th ton b lng CO2 sinh ra khi ln men m gam tinh bt vo nc vi trong, thu c 330 gam kt ta v
dung dch X. Bit khi lng X gim i so vi khi lng nc vi trong ban u l 132 gam. Gi tr ca ml
A.486.
B. 297.
C. 405.
D. 324.
Cu 44. Cho cc polime: (1) polietilen, (2) poli(metylmetacrylat), (3) polibutaien, (4) polistiren,
(5)poli(vinylaxetat) v (6) t nilon-6,6.Trong cc polime trn, cc polime c th b thu phn trong dung dch axit
v dung dch kiml:
A.(1), (4), (5).
B. (1), (2), (5).
C. (2), (5), (6).
D. (2), (3), (6).
Cu 45. Cho cc cht: saccaroz, glucoz, fructoz, etylfomat, axit fomic v anehit axetic. Trong cc cht trn,
s cht va c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc va c kh nng p vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng l
A.3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 46. Cho dy cc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5, p-HO-C6H4-COOH, pHCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH. C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn ng thi 2 iu kin sau?
(a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo tl mol 1 : 1.
(b)Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H2 bng s mol cht phnng.
A.3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 47. Dy gm cc cht c th iu ch trc tip (bng mt p) to ra axit axetic l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3CHO, C6H12O6 (glucoz), CH3OH.
C. CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
D. C2H4(OH)2, CH3OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 48. Hai cht hu c X1v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60vC. X1c kh nng pvi: Na, NaOH,
Na2CO3. X2 p vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng p Na. Cng thc cu to ca X1, X2 ln lt l:
A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3.
B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.
C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH.
D. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3.
Cu 49. Cho s chuyn ho:
( Eete a chc)
Tn gi ca Y l
A. propan-1,2-iol.
B. propan-1,3-iol.
C. glixerol.
D. propan-2-ol.
Cu 50. Hh kh X gm imetylamin v hai hirocacbon ng ng lin tip. t chy hon ton 100 ml hh X
bng mt lng oxi va , thu c 550 ml hh Y gm kh v hi nc. Nu cho Y i qua dd axit sunfuric c
(d) th cn li 250 ml kh (cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l
A. CH4 v C2H6.
B. C2H4 v C3H6.
C. C2H6 v C3H8.
D. C3H6 v C4H8

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KHA LUYN 10 T 8 IM
S 1
Cu 1. Mt ion M3+c tng sht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong sht mangin nhiu hn s ht
khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l
A. [Ar]3d54s1.
B. [Ar]3d64s2.
C. [Ar]3d64s1.
D. [Ar]3d34s2.
Hng dn gii:
p + n + e -3=79
p = 26
p + e -3 n = 19 => e = 26 => Cu hnh e: B. [Ar]3d64s2.
p=e
n=30
Cu 2. Dy gm cc cht trong phn tchc lin kt cng ho trphn cc l:
A. O2, H2O, NH3.
B. H2O, HF, H2S.
C. HCl, O3, H2S.
D. HF, Cl2, H2O.
Hng dn gii:
Lin kt cng ha tr phn cc l gia hai nguyn t (ch yu l phi kim) khc nhau: H2O, NH3, HF,
H2S, HCl.
Cc cht c lin kt cng ha tr khng phn cc l gia hai nguyn t (ch yu l phi kim) ging nhau:
O2, O3, Cl2
Cu 3. Cho tng cht: Fe, FeO, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3) 3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4) 3,
FeCO3 ln lt p vi HNO3 c, nng. S p thuc loi p oxi ho-kh l
A.5.
B. 7.
C. 6.
D. 8.
Hng dn gii:
Nguyn tc: Tm cc cht c s oxi ha cha t ti a: Fe, FeO, Fe(OH)2, Fe3O4, Fe(NO3)2, FeSO4, FeCO3
Cu 4. Cho cn bng ho hc sau: 2SO2 (k)+O2(k)2SO3 (k); H <0.
Cho cc bin php: (1) tng nhit , (2) tng p sut chung ca h phn ng, (3) h nhit , (4) dung
them cht xc tc V2O5, (5) gim nng SO3, (6) gim p sut chung ca h phn ng. Nhng bin
php no lmcn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun?
A.(1), (2), (4), (5).
B. (2), (3), (5).
C. (2), (3), (4), (6).
D. (1), (2), (4).
Hng dn gii:
Khi bi cho tng yu t no (nng , nhit , p sut) th ta tm chiu lm gim yu t :
(1)tng nhit =>tm chiu gim nhit l chiu thu nhit. Phn ng trn c chiu thun H <0 (ta
nhit) nn chiu nghch l thu nhit => Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch => Sai =>(3) ng
(2)tng p sut chung ca h phn ng => tm chiu gim p sut. Trong phn ng trn cc cht u l kh.
Tng h s ca cht kh bn tri l 2+ 1 = 3 ln hn bn phi l 2. Do vy chiu gim s mol kh ng ngha
vi chiu gim p sut. => Cn bng chuyn dch t tri sang phi (chiu thun) => (6) Sai.
(5)gim nng SO3 => Tm chiu tng nng SO3. T tri sang phi l chiu to ra SO3 ngha l tng
SO3 =>Cn bng chuyn dch t tri sang phi (chiu thun)
(4) Xc tc khng lm chuyn dch cn bng m ch tng tc t cn bng.
Cu 5. Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao
nhiu cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dngc vi dung dch NaOH?
A.3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Hng dn gii:
Cc cht tha mn Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, Al2O3, Zn
Cu 6. Trn 100 ml dd (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dd (gm H2SO4 0,0375Mv HCl
0,0125M), thu c dd X. Gi trpH ca dd X l
A.7.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 6.
Hng dn gii:
nH = 0,4(0,0375.2+0,0125) = 0,035 mol

nOH = 0,1(0,1.2+0,1) = 0,03 mol

0, 035 0, 03
pH log
2
0,1 0, 4
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Cu 7. Dd X cha cc ion: Fe3+, SO42-, NH4+, Cl-. Chia dd X thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt t/d vi lng d dd NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta;
- Phn hai t/d vi lng d dd BaCl2, thu c 4,66 gam kt ta.
Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dd X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi)
A. 3,73 gam.
B. 7,04 gam.
C. 7,46 gam.
D. 3,52 gam.
Hng dn gii:
Cc phn ng: NH4++ OH- NH3 + H2O
0,03
0,03
Fe3+ + 3OH- Fe(OH)3
0,01
0,01
Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4
0,02
0,02
Bo ton in tch ca dd X: nCl = 0,03.1 + 0.01.3 - 0,02.2 = 0,02
mmui = 2(0,03.18+0,01.56+0,02.96+0,02.35,5) = 7,46.
Ch :Khi lm nhanh cc bn cn bit phn ng v bm my lun, khng cn vit r phn ng.
Cu 8. Nhit phn 4,385 gam hn hp X gm KClO3 v KMnO4, thu c O2 v m gam cht rn gm
K2MnO4, MnO2 v KCl. Ton b lng O2 tc dng ht vi cacbon nng , thu c 0,896 lt hn hp
kh Y (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l16.Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca KMnO4 trong X l
A.74,92%.
B. 72,06%.
C. 27,94%.
D. 62,76%.
Hng dn gii:
t
2KCl + 3O2
2KClO3
x
3x/2
o

t
2KMnO4
K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
y
y/2
C + O2 CO + CO2
o

%nCO

44 16.2
0, 75 => nCO = 0,04.0,75 = 0,03 => nCO2 = 0,01
44 28

H: 122,5x+ 158y = 4,385

=> x = 0,01 => %mKMnO4 = 0,02.158/4,385.100% = 72,06%.
3x/2 + y/2 = 0,01 + 0,03/2
y = 0,02
Cu 9. Hh kh X gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi He bng 1,8. un nng X mt thi gian trong bnh kn (c
bt Fe lm xc tc), thu c hh kh Y c t khi so vi He bng 2. Hiu sut ca p tng hp NH3 l
A. 25%.B. 50%.
C. 36%.
D. 40%.
Hng dn gii:

%nH 2

28 1,8.4
0,8 => t nN2 = a. nH2 = 4a.
28 2

N2 + 3H2
Ban u
a
4a
P
x
3x
Cn bng a-x 4a-3x

2NH3
0
=> n1 = 5a
2x
2x => n1 = 5a 2x

5a 2 x 1,8
d1 M 1
n
n

x 0, 25a => Hiu sut: H = 0,25a/a.100% = 25%

1 2 =>
5a
2
d 2 M 2 m n1
n2
Cu 10. Cho cc cp oxi ho - kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ho ca dng oxi ha nh sau:
Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu,Fe3+/Fe2+. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A.Fe2+oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+.
B. Cu2+oxi ho c Fe2+ thnh Fe3+.
3+
2+
C.Fe oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu .
D. Cu kh c Fe2+ thnh Fe.
Hng dn gii:
2Fe3+ + Cu 2Fe2+ + Cu2+

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Cu 11. Cho 5,376 lt kh CO ( ktc) t t i qua ng s nung nng ng 10,44 gam mt oxit st n khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton. Kh thu c sau phn ng c t khi so vi hiro bng 20. Cng thc ca oxit
st v phn trm th tch ca kh CO2 trong hn hp kh sau phn ng l
A. FeO; 75%.
B. Fe2O3; 75%.
C. Fe2O3; 65%.
D. Fe3O4; 75%.
Hng dn gii:
t
MxOy + yCO
xM + yCO2
nO trong oxit phn ng = nCO phn ng = nCO2 sinh ra => Tng s mol kh trc v sau phn ng l khng i.
o

Hn hp kh sau phn ng l CO2 v CO d %nCO

44 20.2
0, 25
44 28

% nCO2 = 75%.
nO trong oxit phn ng = 0,75.0,24 = 0,18
nFe = (10,44 -0,18.16):56 = 0,135
FexOy
x :y = 0,135:0,18 = 3: 4.
Cu 12. Cho 22,65 gam hh bt gm Zn v Cu c t l mol tng ng l 5: 2 vo dd cha 0,2 mol Fe 2(SO4)3.
Sau khi cc p xy ra hon ton, thu c m gam kim loi. Gi tr ca m l
A. 12,80.
B. 9,20.
C. 6,40.
D. 16,53
Hng dn gii:
nZn = 5.(22,65:(5.65+2.64) = 0,25 mol => nCu = 0,1 mol.
2Fe3+ + Zn 2Fe2+ + Zn2+
0,4
0,25 0,4
Fe2+ + Zn Fe + Zn2+
0,4 0,05 0,05
Nh vy sau phn ng th cht rn gm Cu v Fe: mkim loi = 0,1.64 + 0,05.56 = 9,2 gam
Cu 13. Mt cc nc c cha cc ion: Na+ (0,02mol), Mg2+ (0,02mol), Ca2+(0,04 mol), HCO3-(0,12mol) v
2
SO4 (0,01mol). un si cc nc trn cho n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton th nc cn li trong cc
A.l nc mm.
B. c tnh cng vnh cu.
C.c tnh cng ton phn.
D. c tnh cng tmthi.
Hng dn gii:
t
CO32- + H2O + CO2
2HCO3-
0,12
0,06
Ca2+ + CO32- CaCO3
0,04 0,04
Mg2+ + CO32- MgCO3
0,02 0,02
Sau phn ng ht Ca2+ v Mg2+ nn nc thu c l nc mm.
Cu 14. Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dd hh gm KOH 0,15M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M,
sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A.19,70.
B. 14,775.
C. 24,625.
D. 4,925.
Hng dn gii:
nOH- = 0,5(0,15 + 0,2.2) = 0,275 mol
CO2 + 2OH- CO32- + H2O
x + y = 0,2
x = 0,075
x
2x
x
2x + y = 0,275 y = 0,125
CO2 + OH- HCO3y
y
H phng trnh: x + y = 0,2
=> x = 0,075
2x + y = 0,275
y = 0,125
Ba2+ + CO32- BaCO3
0,1
0,075
0,075.197 = 14,775.
Cch bm nhanh: m= (0,5.(0,15+0,2.2)-4,48:22,4).197 =14,775.
Cu 15. Cho V lt dd NaOH 2M vo dd cha 0,1 mol Al2(SO4)3 v 0,1mol H2SO4 n khi p hon ton, thu
c 7,8 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V thu c lng kt ta trn l
A.0,45.
B. 0,35.
C. 0,25.
D. 0,05.

Khi un nng th:

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Hng dn gii:
Cc phn ng:

Do cn lng NaOH ln nht nn s to ra c Al(OH)3 v [Al(OH)4]H

+ OH- H2O
0,2
0,2
2Al3+ + 7OH Al(OH)3 + [Al(OH)4]0,2 0,1.3+0,1.4 = 0,7
0,1
(0,2- 0,1)
VNaOH max = (0,2+ 0,7)/2 = 0,45.
Cch bm nhanh: V= (0,1.2+ 7,8:78.3 + (0,1.2 -7,8:78).4):2 = 0,45
Cu 16. Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo dd cha 0,3 mol H2SO4 c, nng (gi thit SO2 l sn phm kh duy nht).
Sau khi p xy ra hon ton, thu c
A.0,03 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,06 mol FeSO4.
B. 0,05 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,02 mol Fe d.
C.0,02 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,08 mol FeSO4.
D. 0,12 mol FeSO4.
Hng dn gii:
+

t
2Fe + 6 H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
0,1 0,3
0,05
Fe + Fe2(SO4)3 3FeSO4
0,02 0,05
0,06
0,03
mol
Fe
(SO
Sau phn ng c
4)3 v 0,06 mol FeSO4.
2
Cu 17. Nung nng m gam hh gm Al v Fe3O4 trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sau khi p xy ra hon
ton, thu c hh rn X. Cho X t/d vi dd NaOH (d) thu c dd Y, cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H2 ( ktc).
Sc kh CO2 (d) vo dd Y, thu c 39gamkt ta. Gi trca ml
A.45,6.
B. 48,3.
C. 36,7.
D. 57,0.
Hng dn gii:
Rn X phi c Al d v ch c Al mi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH to kh H2. Mt khc do phn ng
hon ton nn Fe3O4 ht.
Al + H2O + NaOH NaAlO2 + 3/2 H2
0,1
0,1
0,15
Al2O3
+ 2NaOH 2 NaAlO2 + H2O
0,2
0,4
NaAlO2 + CO2 +2 H2O Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3
0,5
0,5
8Al + 3Fe3O4 4Al2O3 + 9Fe
0,4 0,15
0,2
m = 27(0,4+0,1) + 232.0,15 = 48,3.
Cch bm nhanh: m= 39:78.27 + (39:78-3,36:22,4.2:3):2.3:4.232 = 48,3
Cu 18. Pht biu khng ng l:
A.Cc hp cht CrO, Cr(OH)2 t/d c vi dd HCl cn CrO3 t/d c vi dd NaOH.
B.Thm dd kim vo mui icromat, mui ny chuyn thnh mui cromat.
C.Cc hp cht Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,CrO, Cr(OH)2 u c tnh cht lngtnh.
D.Hp cht Cr(II) c tnh kh c trng cn hp cht Cr(VI) c tnh oxi ho mnh.
Hng dn gii: CrO v Cr(OH)2 khng c tnh cht lng tnh.
Cu 19. Ha tan hon ton 2,7 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Cr, Al bng dung dch HCl d, thu c 1,568 lt kh
H2 (ktc). Mt khc, cho 2,7 gam X phn ng hon ton vi kh Cl2 d, thu c 9,09 gam mui. Khi lng
Al trong 2,7 gam X l bao nhiu?
A.1,08 gam.
B. 0,54 gam.
C. 0,81 gam.
D. 0,27 gam.
Hng dn gii: nFe = x; nCr = y ; nAl = z.
Ch Cr v Fe khi phn ng vi dd HCl th ln s oxi ha +2, khi phn ng vi Cl2 ln s oxi ha +3.
H phng trnh
Tng khi lng kim loi: 56x + 52y + 27z = 2,7
Bo ton e:
2x + 2y + 3z = 2.1,568/22,4 => x = y = z = 0,02 => mAl =0,02.27 = 0,54
Khi lng mui
3x + 3y + 3z = (9,09-2,7)/35,5
Cu 20. Ho tan hh gm: K2O, BaO, Al2O3, Fe3O4vo nc (d), thuc dd X vcht rn Y. Sc kh CO2
n d vo dd X, sau khi cc p xy ra hon ton thu c kt ta l
A. Fe(OH)3.
B. K2CO3.
C. Al(OH)3.
D. BaCO3.
o

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Hng dn gii:
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
K2O + H2O 2KOH
BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2
Al2O3 + 2OH- 2AlO2- + H2O
Rn Y l Fe3O4 v c th Al2O3 d. Dung dch X c cha AlO2AlO2- + 2H2O + CO2 Al(OH)3 + HCO3Cu 21. Khi nhit phn hon ton tng mui X, Y th u to ra s mol kh nh hn s mol mui tng ng.
t mt lng nh tinh th Y trn n kh khng mu, thy ngn la c mu vng. Hai mui X, Y ln lt
l:
A.KMnO4,NaNO3.
B. Cu(NO3)2,NaNO3. C. CaCO3,NaNO3.
D. NaNO3,KNO3.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
t
2KMnO4
K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
o

2NaNO2 + O2
o
t
2Cu(NO3)2
2CuO + 4NO2 + O2
o

2NaNO3

2KNO2 + O2
o

2KNO3

t
CaO + CO2
CaCO3
t mt lng nh tinh th Y trn n kh khng mu, thy ngn la c mu vng chng t l mui
ca Na
Cu 22. C 4 dd mui ring bit: CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm dd KOH (d) ri thm tip dd NH3
(d) vo 4 dd trn th s cht kt ta thu c l
A.2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
CuCl2 + 2KOH Cu(OH)2 + 2KCl
ZnCl2 + 2KOH Zn(OH)2 + 2KCl
FeCl3 + 3KOH Fe(OH)3 + 3KCl
AlCl3 + 3KOH Al(OH)3 + 3KCl
Al(OH)3 + KOH K[Al(OH)4]
Zn(OH)2 + 4NH3 [Zn(NH3)4](OH)2
Cu(OH)2 + 4NH3 [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
Cu 23. Cho cc phn ng sau:
(a)H2S+ SO2
(b)Na2S2O3+dung dch H2SO4(long)
o
t
(c) SiO2 + Mg
(d) Al2O3 + dung dch NaOH

tilemol 1:2

(e) Ag + O3
S phn ng to ra n cht l
A.3.
B. 6.

(g) SiO2 + dung dch HF

C. 5.

D. 4.

Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:

(a) 2H2S+ SO2 3S + 2H2O
(b)Na2S2O3+H2SO4 Na2SO4 + S +SO2 + H2O
to
(c) SiO2 + 2Mg
Si + 2MgO
tilemol 1:2

(d) Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaAlO2 + H2O

(e) 2Ag + O3 Ag2O + O2
(g) SiO2 + 4HF SiF4 + 2H2O
Cu 24. Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo 400 ml dd HNO3 1M, n khi p xy ra hon ton, thu c kh NO (sn
phm kh duy nht) v dd X. Dd X c th ho tan ti a m gam Cu. Gi tr ca m l
A.1,92.
B. 3,20.
C. 0,64.
D. 3,84.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
Do dung dch thu c ha tan ti a Cu nn Fe cui cng ln Fe2+
3Fe
+ 8HNO3 3Fe(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O

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0,12
0,32
3Cu
+ 8HNO3 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
0,03.64 = 1,92 0,08
Cch bm nhanh: mCu = ((0,4:4x3)-6,72:56x2):2.64 =1,92 gam
Cu 25. un nng m gam hh Cu v Fe c t l khi lng tng ng 7:3 vi mt lng dung dch HNO3.
Khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 0,75m gam cht rn, dung dch X v 5,6 lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm NO
v NO2 (khng c sn phm kh khc ca N+5 ). Bit lng HNO3 phn ng l 44,1gam. Gi tr ca m l
A.50,4.
B. 40,5.
C. 44,8.
D. 33,6.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
Do Fe chim 30% v khi lng m sau phn ng cn 0,75m tc phn ng 25%. Fe c tnh kh mnh
hn Cu nn Fe s phn ng trc. Do kim loi Fe d => Mui thu c l mui Fe(NO3)2
nHNO3 = nN = 2nFe(NO3)2 + nNO + nNO2
nFe(NO3)2 = 0,5.((44,1:63)-5,6:22,4) = 0,225 mol
m = 0,225.56:0,25= 50,4
Cch bm nhanh: m = (44,1:63-5,6:22,4):2x56:0,25 = 50,4
Cu 26. Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dd H2SO4 long (d), thu c dd X. Dd X p va vi V ml dd
KMnO4 0,5M.Gi tr ca V l
A.40.
B. 80.
C. 60.
D. 20.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
Fe + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2
0,1
0,1
10FeSO4 +2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O
0,1
0,1:5:0,5.1000 = 40
Cu 27. S ng phn cu to ca C5H10 phn ng c vi dung dch broml
A.8.
B. 7.
C. 9.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
Cc cht phn ng vi dd Br2 l anken v vng ba cnh
CH2=CH-CH2CH2CH3
CH3CH=CH-CH2CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-CH2CH3
CH3C(CH3)=CHCH3
CH3C(CH3)-CH=CH2

D. 5.

Cu 28. Hh X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X,
tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l
A.20,40 gam.
B. 18,60 gam.
C. 18,96 gam.
D. 16,80 gam.
Hng dn gii: Cc phn ng:
Do cc cht u c 3 cacbon nn ta c: nCO2 = 01.3 = 0,3 mol
mhn hp = 21,2.2.0,1 = 4,24 gam => mH = mhn hp mC = 4,24-0,3.12 = 0,64 gam
mCO2 + mH2O = 0,3.44 + 0,64:2.18 = 18,96 gam.
Cch bm nhanh: mCO2 + mH2O = 0,1.3.44 + (21,2.2.0,1-0,1.3.12) :2.18 = 18,96 gam.
Cu 29. Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):
(a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh.
(b)Phenol c tnh axit nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lmi mu qutm.
(c) Phenol c dng sn xut phmnhum,cht dit nm mc.
(d)Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay thhn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc bromvo dung dch phenol thy xut hin ktta.

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S pht biung l
A.4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
Hng dn gii: Cu (a) sai v phenol tan t trong nc lnh, tan v hn 66oC

D. 3

Cu 30. Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu c l
A.3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C.3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
Hng dn gii:

Sn phm chnh
Sn phm ph
Cu 31. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai ancol, thu c13,44 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 15,3 gam
H2O. Mt khc, cho m gam X tc dng vi Na (d), thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc).Gi tr ca m l
A.12,9.
B. 15,3.
C. 12,3.
D. 16,9.
Hng dn gii:
nCO2 = 0,6 mol. nH2O =0,85
nO trong ancol = 2nH2 = 2.0,2 = 0,4 mol
mancol = mC + mH + mO = 0,6.12 + 0,85.2 + 0,4.16 = 15,3 gam.
Cu 32. Cho 0,1 mol hh X gm hai anehit no,n chc, mch h, ktip nhau trong dyng ng tc
dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Hai anehit trong
X l
A. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
B. HCHO v CH3CHO.
C. C2H3CHO v C3H5CHO.
D. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
Hng dn gii:
2< nAg : nAnhit = 3 < 4 => C mt anehit to ra 4Ag, mt anhit to ra 2Ag, m y l hai ancol n
chc =>HCHO v CH3CHO
HCHO + 4AgNO3 + 6NH3 +2H2O (NH4)2CO3 + 4Ag + 4NH4NO3
CH3CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 +H2O CH3COONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
Cu 33. Cho 0,125 mol anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c
27 gam Ag. Mt khc, hiro ho hon ton 0,25 mol X cn va 0,5 mol H2. Dy ng ng ca X c
cng thc chung l
A.CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0).
B. CnH2n-3CHO(n 2).
C.CnH2n+1CHO(n 0).
D. CnH2n-1CHO(n 2).
Hng dn gii:
nAg : nAnhit = 2 => anehit n chc (chc CH=O c 1 lin kt pi)
nH2 : nAnhit = 2 => C 2 lin kt pi trong ton phn t.
Nh vy anhit khng no, 1 lin kt pi, n chc, h CnH2n-1CHO(n 2).
Cu 34. Hh X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic.trung ho m gam X cn 40 mldd NaOH 1M.
Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol
ca axit linoleic trong m gam hh X l
A. 0,015.
B. 0,010.
C. 0,020.
D. 0,005.
Hng dn gii:
axit panmitic: C15H31COOH + O2 nCO2 = nH2O
axit stearic C17H35COOH + O2 nCO2 = nH2O
axit linoleic C17H31COOH + O2 18CO2 + 16H2O
naxit linoleic = (15,232:22,4 11,7:18):2 = 0,015.
Cu 35. Trung ho 8,2 gam hh gm axit fomic v mt axitn chc X cn 100 ml ddNaOH 1,5M. Nu cho
8,2 gam hh trn t/d vi mt lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng th thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Tn gi ca
X l

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A. axit acrylic.
B. axit propanoic.
C. axit etanoic.
Hng dn gii:
Axit phn ng vi AgNO3 trong NH3 l axit fomic
HCOOH + 2AgNO3 + 4NH3 +H2O (NH4)2CO3 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
0,1
0,2
MRCOOH = (8,2-0,1.46): (0,15-0,1) = 72 => R = 27 => CH2=CHCOOH

D. axit metacrylic.

Cu 36. Cho dy cc cht: phenyl axetat, anlyl axetat, metyl axetat, etyl fomat, tripanmitin. S cht trong
dy khi thy phn trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng sinh ra ancol l
A.2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Hng dn gii:
CH3COOC6H5
+ 2NaOH CH3COONa + C6H5ONa + H2O
CH3COOCH2CH=CH2 + NaOH CH3COONa +CH2=CH-CH2OH
CH3COOCH3
+ NaOH CH3COONa + CH3OH
HCOOC2H5
+ NaOH HCOONa + CH3CH2OH
(C15H31COO)3C3H5
+ 3NaOH 3C15H31COO Na + C3H5(OH)3
Cu 37. Cho 200 gam mt loi cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 tc dng va vi mt lng NaOH, thu
c 207,55 gamhn hp muikhan.Khi lng NaOH thamgia phn ng l
A.31,45 gam.
B. 31 gam.
C. 32,36 gam.
D. 30 gam.
Hng dn gii:nNaOH axit = nKOH = 7.10-3.200/56 =0,025 mol
RCOOH
+ NaOH RCOONa + H2O
0,025
0,025
(RCOO)3C3H5
+ 3NaOH 3RCOO Na + C3H5(OH)3
3x
x
Bo ton khi lng: 200+(3x+0,025).40 = 207,55 + 0,025.18+92x => x =0,25
mNaOH = (3.0,25+0,025).40 = 31
Cu 38. Cho 10g amin n chc X p hon ton vi HCl (d), thu c 15g mui. S ng phn cu to ca X
l
A.4.
B. 8.
C. 5.
D. 7.
Hng dn gii:
Mamin = 10: [(15 -10):36,5] = 73 => C4H11N.
C 8 ng phn (SGK 12 nng cao trang 57)
Cu 39. Hh X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X t/d hon ton vi ddNaOH (d), thu c dd Y cha
(m+30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X t/d hon ton vi dd HCl, thu c dd Z cha (m+36,5) gam
mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 112,2.
B. 165,6.
C. 123,8.
D. 171,0.
Hng dn gii:
CH3CH(NH2)COOH + NaOH CH3CH(NH2)COONa + H2O
x
x
HOOC[CH2]2CH(NH2)COOH + 2NaOH NaOOC[CH2]2CH(NH2)COONa + 2H2O
y
y
CH3CH(NH2)COOH + HCl CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH
x
x
HOOC[CH2]2CH(NH2)COOH + HCl HOOC[CH2]2CH(NH3Cl)COOH
y
y
H phng trnh:
x + 2y = 30.8/22
x = 0,6
x + y = 36,5/36,5
y = 0,4
m = 0,6.89 + 0,4.147 = 112,2.

s 1. Ha hc

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Cu 40. un nng cht H2N-CH2-CONH-CH(CH3)-CONH-CH2-COOH trong dd HCl (d), sau khi cc p

kt thc thu c sn phm l:
A.H2N-CH2-COOH,H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.
B.H3N+-CH2-COOHCl-,H3N+-CH2-CH2-COOHClC. H3N+-CH2-COOHCl-,H3N+CH(CH3)-COOHClD. H2N-CH2-COOH,H2N-CH(CH3)-COOH.
Hng dn gii:
Ch do c HCl d nn sau phn ng thy phn, amino axit phn ng vi HCl. Do d sn phm l p n
C ch khng phi p n D.
Cu 41. Cho hh X gm hai cht hu c c cng cng thc phn t C2H7NO2 t/d vi 300ml dd NaOH 1M v
un nng, thu c dd Y v 4,48 lt hh Z ( ktc) gm hai kh (u lm xanh giy qu m). T khi hi ca Z
i vi H2 bng 13,75. C cn dd Y thu c khi lng rn khan l
A.18,3gam.
B. 15,7 gam.
C. 14,3 gam.
D. 8,9 gam.
Hng dn gii:
Do hn hp Z l hai kh lm xanh qu m nn kh Z c tnh baz. Do Z c th l NH3 hoc amin
Do cng thc ca X l CH3COONH4 v HCOONH3CH3
CH3COONH4 + NaOH CH3COONa + NH3 + H2O
HCOONH3CH3 + NaOH HCOONa + CH3NH2 + H2O
m rn = mX + mNaOH mZ
mH2O
= 0,2.77 + 0,3.40 0,2.13,75.2 0,2.18 = 18,3 gam
Cu 42. C mt s nhn xt v cacbohirat nh sau:
(1)Saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz u c th b thu phn.
(2)Glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz u tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 v c kh nng tham gia phn ng
trng bc.
(3)Tinh bt v xenluloz l ng phn cu to ca nhau.
(4)Phn t xenluloz c cu to bi nhiu gc -glucoz.
(5)Thu phn tinh bt trong mi trng axit sinh ra fructoz
(6)Glucoz v saccaroz u l cht rn c v ngt, d tan trong nc.
(7) Tinh bt v xenluloz u l polisaccarit.
(8)Trong dung dch, glucoz v saccaroz u ho tan Cu(OH)2,to phc mu xanh lam.
(9)Khi thu phn hon ton hn hp gm tinh bt v saccaroz trong mi trng axit, ch thu c mt
loi monosaccarit duy nht.
(10)Khi un nng glucoz (hoc fructoz) vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c Ag.
S pht biu ng l
A.5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
Hng dn gii:
Pht biu (2) sai v saccaroz khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc.
Pht biu (3) sai v Tinh bt v xenluloz ch c cng dng cng thc chung ch khng phi cng CTPT v n
khc nhau.
Pht biu (5) sai v thu phn tinh bt trong mi trng axit sinh ra glucoz
Pht biu (9) sai v thy phnsaccaroz to ra c glucozo v fructozo
Cu 43. Ancol etylic c iu ch t tinh bt bng phng php ln men vi hiu sut ton b qu trnh l
90%. Hp th ton b lng CO2 sinh ra khi ln men m gam tinh bt vo nc vi trong, thu c 330 gam
kt ta v dung dch X. Bit khi lng X gim i so vi khi lng nc vi trong ban u l 132 gam. Gi
tr ca m l
A.486.
B. 297.
C. 405.
D. 324.
Hng dn gii:
mdung dch gim = mCaCO3 mCO2 => nCO2 = (330-132):44 = 4,5 mol
(C6H10O5)n
C6H12O6
2CO2
4,5:2
4,5
m = 4,5:2.162:0,9 = 405
Cu 44. Cho cc polime: (1) polietilen, (2) poli(metyl metacrylat), (3) polibutaien, (4) polistiren, (5)

s 1. Ha hc

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poli(vinylaxetat) v (6) t nilon-6,6.Trong cc polime trn, cc polime c th b thu phn trong dung dch
axit v dung dch kim l:
A.(1), (4), (5).
B. (1), (2), (5).
C. (2), (5), (6).
D. (2), (3), (6).
Hng dn gii:Cc polime thy phn trong mi trng kim l cc poli amit, poli peptit, poli este
Cu 45. Cho cc cht: saccaroz, glucoz, fructoz, etylfomat, axit fomic v anehit axetic.Trong cc cht
trn, s cht va c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc va c kh nng p vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin
thng l
A.3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Hng dn gii:Glucoz,fructoz, axitfomic tha mn bi.
Saccaroz ch c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng. Anhit ch phn ng trng bc.
Ch :2HCOOH + Cu(OH)2 (HCOO)2Cu + 2H2O
Cu 46. Cho dy cc hp cht thm:p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5, p-HO-C6H4-COOH,
p-HCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH.
C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn ng thi 2 iu kin sau?
(a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1.
(b)Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H2 bng s mol cht phn ng.
A.3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Hng dn gii:
X + NaOH theo t l mol 1:1 => C ba kh nng: 1. C 1 nhm COOH; 2. C 1 nhm OH phenol; 3. C
1 nhm chc este (khng phi este ca phenol).
X + Na H2 (nX = nH2) => X c 2 nhm OH ( c th ca ancol, phenol, axit)
Nh vy cht tha mn bi l: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH
Cu 47. Dy gm cc cht c th iu ch trc tip (bng mt p) to ra axit axetic l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3CHO, C6H12O6 (glucoz), CH3OH.
C. CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
D. C2H4(OH)2, CH3OH, CH3CHO.
Hng dn gii:
t , xt
CH3COOH
CH3CHO + O2
o

t , xt
CH3COOH
C2H5OH + O2
o

t , xt

CH3COOH
CH3OH + CO
Cu 48. Hai cht hu c X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60vC. X1 c kh nng p vi: Na, NaOH,
Na2CO3. X2 p vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng p Na. Cng thc cu to ca X1, X2 ln lt l:
A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3.
B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.
C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH.
D. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3.
Hng dn gii:
X1pvi: Na, NaOH, Na2CO3 => X1 c nhm chc axit COOH
X2 p vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng p Na => X2 l este.
p n D
Cu 49. Cho s chuyn ho:
o

( Eete a chc)
Tn gi ca Y l
B. propan-1,2-iol.
B. propan-1,3-iol.
C. glixerol.
D. propan-2-ol.
Hng dn gii:. Do E l este a chc nn C3H6 l xiclopropan
Cc phn ng:

+ Br2
CH2Br-CH2CH2Br
CH2Br-CH2CH2Br + 2NaOH HO-CH2CH2CH2OH + 2NaBr
to
O=CH-CH2CH=O + 2Cu + 2H2O
HO-CH2CH2CH2OH + 2CuO
o
t , xt
HOOCCH2COOH
O=CH-CH2CH=O + O2
t , xt
CH3OOCCH2COOCH3 + 2H2O
HOOCCH2COOH + 2CH3OH
s 1. Ha hc
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o

Cu 50. Hh kh X gm imetylamin v hai hirocacbon ng ng lin tip. t chy hon ton 100 ml hh X
bng mt lng oxi va , thu c 550 ml hh Y gm kh v hi nc. Nu cho Y i qua dd axit sunfuric
c (d) th cn li 250 ml kh (cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca hai
hirocacbon l
A. CH4 v C2H6.
B. C2H4 v C3H6.
C. C2H6 v C3H8.
D. C3H6 v C4H8
Hng dn gii:. Khi cc cht kh o cng iu kin th t l mol cng l t l th tch
TH1: Hai anken
C2H7N + O2 2CO2 + 3,5H2O +0,5N2
a
2a
3,5a 0,5a
a+b
= 100
a = 50
6a + 2 nb = 550 <=> b = 50 => n = 2,5 =>B
Cn H 2n O2
nCO2 nH 2O Ta c h:

nb + nb
b
TH2: Hai ankan
C2H7N + O2 2CO2 + 3,5H2O +0,5N2
a
2a
3,5a 0,5a

Cn H 2n2 O2
nCO2 (n 1) H 2O H:

nb

+ nb b

s 1. Ha hc

2,5a + nb

= 250

nb = 125

a+b
= 100
6a + 2 nb +b = 550 => V nghim

2,5a + nb

= 250

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