Affect of Different

Reaction Conditions On
The Size Of NPs

Factors effecting size

of NPs
pH of
solution

slow or fast
mixing of
reagents

Type of
Base

Fe2+/Fe3+
molar ratio

Solution
Temperature

Stirring rate

pH of solution

At higher pH, supersaturation during coprecipitation is higher, promoting

nucleation over growth, thus giving
smaller particle sizes.

Rate of base addition

Slow addition
Fast addition
Fast addition of base form smaller
particles as compare to the slow
addition of base.
The fast addition favors the continuous
nucleation with respect to growth, thus
enabling the formation of small
particles.

Slow or Fast mixing of reagents

Rate of base
addition

Fast addition

Fast addition of base form smaller

particles as compare to the slow
addition of base

Slow addition

The fast addition favors the

continuous nucleation with
respect to growth, thus
enabling the formation of small
particles

Type of base:

Particle size decrease according to the

following sequence:
Na+ > K+ > N(C2H4)+4;
Because, as a surfactant, the positivelycharged tetraethylammonium ions form
a shell around each magnetite particle,
so stabilize the corresponding colloidal
suspension,and form smaller
nanoparticles.

Fe /Fe
2+

3+

molar ratio:

The mean size increased with the

Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, whereas the preparation
yield decreased.

Solution Temperature:
With increasing temperature , the particle size decrease!

Increasing the reaction temperature would

reduce the extent of aggregation and
reduce sizes of nanoparticles.
by increasing the reaction temperature there
is more energy within the solution, this
would increase mobility and cause a greater
number of collisions between the particles

Stirring rate:

With increasing the stirring rate, particle

size decrease!

stirring rate increase

energy transferred to
the suspension
medium also
increase

solution can be
dispersed into
smaller droplets and
the size is reduced