SN

CN

SHAPE

MOT

HABITAT

IH

IS

DX STAGE

DSE

TX

DX

Schistosoma
japonicum

Oriental blood
fluke

round,lateral
knob

Skin penetration

Superior
mesenteric vein,
liver

Snail
(Oncomelania)

Forktailed
cercaria

Ova

Kalayoma dse.

Praziquantel

Kato kutz
Immunodx

Schistosoma
mansoni

Mansons blood
fluke

Elongated,lateral
spine

Skin penetration

Inferior
mesenteric vein,
liver

Snail
(Biomphalaria
and Australorbis)

Forktailed
cercaria

Ova

Praziquantel
Oxamniquine

Schistosoma
japonicum

Vesicals blood
fluke

Elongated,
terminal spine

Skin penetration

Plexuses

Snail (Bulimus)

Forktailed
cercaria

Ova

Fasciola hepatica

Sheep liver
fluke/temperate
liver fluke

Prominent
cephalic
More lanceolate
Leaf shaped

Ingestion of MC in
aquatic plant
Drinking water
with MC

Liver and biliary

1st snail (Lymnea

Philippinensis)
2nd water cress
Grass

MC in aquatic
plant

Unembryo ova

Fasciola gigantica

Ginat liver fluke,

tropical liver fluke

Prominent
cephalic
Leaf shaped
Larger that
hepatica

Ingestion of MC in
aquatic plant
Drinking water
with MC

Liver and biliary

1st snail (Lymnea

Philippinensis)
2nd water cress
Grass

MC in aquatic
plant

Unembryo ova

Opistorchis
felineus

Cat liver fluke

Mc on fresh water
fish

Embryonated ova

Swimmers itch
Claypipe stem
fibrosis
Intestinal
bilharziasis
Terminal
hematuria
Kala azar
Sandy patch
cystitis
Bladder
carcinoma
Haizoun/
suffocation,
hypereosinophilia
Upper right
quadrant
Haizoun/
suffocation,
hypereosinophilia
Upper right
quadrant
Periportal fibrosis
Invasion of
pancreas

Clonorchis
sinensis

Chinese liver
fluke
Oriental liver
fluke
Distome of chian

Flask shaped
Electrical bukb
Terminal spine

Ingestion of
undercooked fish

Biliary and
pancreatic duct

1st snail (Bulimus

fuchsiana)
2nd fish
(Ctenopharyngon
do idellus)

MC on fresh water
fish

Embronated ova

Paragonimus
westermani

Oriental lung
fluke

Coffean bean
Operulated and
aboperculated

Ingestion of
infective cral

Lungs

MC on crab

Fasciolopsis buski

Giant intestinal
fluke

No cephalic zone

Ingestion
encysted MC on
aquatic plantI

Intestine

1st snail (Brotia

Asperata)
2nd crab
(Sundathelpusa
philippina)
1ST snail
(Segmenting)
2nd (aquatic plant)

Echinostoma
ilocanum

Garrisons
fluke/echinostom
al fluke

Horse shoe
shaped

Ingestion of MC in
fish

intestine

Heterophids
group

Heterophys
heterophyes

Oval , pyriform
qith scalelike
spine

Ingestion of
encysted MC on
fish

Intestine

Praziquantel
metriphonale

Fairleys test
Urine microscopy

Bithionol

Stool microscopy
Serological test

Bithionol

Stoo microscopy
Serological test

Praziquantel

BDA

Acute chill fever

Portal
hypertension
Cholangitis
Calculus
formation

Praziquantel +
Albendazole (light
to moderate)

Stool microscopy
and serological
test

Unembryonated
ova

Hemoptysis, foul
fish odor, rust
colored sputum
misdx as PTB

Praziquantel
Bithionol

ELISA

Encysted
metacercaria

Unembryonated
ova

Traumatic
Obstructive
Toxic

Praziquantel

Stool dx

1st snail
2nd fish

Metacercaria

Unembryonated
ova

Ulceration
Gen. intoxication

Praziquantel

Det. Of egg in
stool

1st snail
(pironella)
2nd fish (Tilapia)

Encysted
metacercaria

Unembryonated
ova

Mucous diarrhea
Colicky pains
Granulomas brain
Emboli
Upper gurgling
abdomen

Praziquantel

Kato kutz

Ingestion of
infective fish

TREMATODES
IH

SN

CN

SHAPE

MOT

HABITAT

IS

DX STAGE

DSE

TREATMENT

DX

Taenia solium

Pork tapeworm

Small globular
head

Ingestion of
inadeq. Cook pork

SI
Cystecercosis
inmuscle

Pigs, rats

Cysticercous
cellulosae

Praziquantel

Scotch tape swab

Cytecercous bovis

Oncosphere

Niclosamide

DFS

Mice, rats

Embryonated ova

Embryonated ova

Leukopenia
Dev. Cysticercosis
Chronic
indigestion
Epigastrci vertigo
Eosinophilia
Crawling of
proglottides
Enteritis

Taenia saginata

Beef tapeworm

Unarmed
tapeworm,
quadrate

Ingestion of cyst
in beef

SI

Goat, sheep

Hymenolopis nana

Dwarf tapeworm

With refractile
rostellum, long
slender neck

Ingestion
Auto infxn

SI

Praziquantel

Stool dx

Hymenolopis
diminuta

Rat tapeworm

Fan like, small

club

Ingestion of
infected insect

SI
Muscle

Flees, giant
beetle,
mearworms

Cyticercoid

Ova

Painful edema
Erythema

Praziquantel

Stool dx

Echinococcus
granulosus

Dog parasite

Pyriform,
subspherical with
radially striate

Ingestion

SI

Sheepman

Hydatid cyst ova

ova

Hyperchromis
megaloblastic,
VB12 , macrocytic

Praziquantel

Xray
Immunologic test

Diphyllobothrium
latum

Broad fish
tapeworm

Spatulate, ivory,
gravide rosette
Knob like

Ingestion

SI

Plerocercoid larva

Operculated ova

DFS
Kato tech

Ingestion of
cylops containing
plerocercoid

Intestinal tract

Obstruction
(growing cysts)
Anaphylactic
Mechanical toxic
Ectopic infection

Albendazole

Spiral

1st fresh water

copepods and
cyclopods
2nd fishes
1st Cyclops
2nd frogs fishers

Spirometra

S.mansoin

Surgical

Surgiical

Plerocercoid larva