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Pt . 2,44
0,88
2,8 (kw)
Pt . Plv
Fv
1000
2000.1,2
1000
=
= 2,4 (kw)
+ : Hiu sut b truyn, ln, trt, khp ni.
= . br. 3ol. kn = 0,96.0,95.0,993.0,99 = 0,88
Tra bng 2.3
= 0,96 : Hiu sut b truyn ai.
br = 0,95 : Hiu sut b truyn bnh rng cn.
ol = 0,99 : Hiu sut mt cp ln.
kn = 0,99 : Hiu sut khp ni n hi.
1.1.2. Xc nh s b s vng quay ca ng c.
- T s truyn ca h dn ng:
Ut = U .Ubr.Ubt = 4.4.1 = 16
Tra bng 2.4:
+ U = 4: T s truyn b truyn ai.
+ Ubr = 4: T s truyn b truyn ng bnh rng.
+ Ubt = 1: T s truyn b truyn bng ti.
- S vng quay ca trc my cng tc:
nlv =
60000.1,2
.D
60000.1,2
.225
= 102 (vng/pht)
- S vng quay s b ca ng c:
nsb = Ut.nlv = 16.102 = 1632 (vng/pht)
1.1.3. Chn ng c.
Pct = 3,0 (kw), nb = 988 (vng/pht)
Tra bng P 1.1 chn ng c 4A100S4Y3
Cng sut
Vn tc quay
(kw)
(vng/pht)
3,0
1420
% Cos
82
0,83
- Trc I: PI =
Plv
2,4
2,42
ol 0,99
Pbt
ol . kn
(kw)
2,42
2,52
0,99.0,97
PII
2,52
2,68
br . ol 0,95.0,99
- Trc ng c: Pc =
PI
ol .
(kw)
(kw)
2,68
0,99.0,96
= 2,82 (kw)
-Trc I: nI =
nc 1420
355
U
4
(vng/pht)
nI
355
89
U br
4
(vng/pht)
- Trc I: TI = 9,55.106.
PII
nII
PI
nI
= = 9,55.106.
= 9,55.106.
2,52
89
2,68
355
= 630300 (Nmm)
= 168500 (Nmm)
* Bng thng s
Trc
T s truyn
ai thang
4
II
Bng ti
1
U
Cng sut
2,8
2,68
2,52
2,42
(kw)
Tc vng
1420
355
89
168500
630300
quay
(vng/pht)
momen xon
T (Nmm)
Pc
nc
2,8
950
Tc = 9,55.106.
= = 9,55.106.
= 28000 (Nmm) = 28 (Nm)
Theo hnh 4.1 tr 59 T1 chn ai hnh thang A
2.2. nh ng knh bnh ai.
ng knh bnh ai nh d1 = 1,2dmin =1,2.100= 120 (mm)
Theo tiu chun ta chn d1=125mm.
n1d1 .1420.125
6,2
60000
60000
Vn tc ai: v =
Ta c t s truyn ai l u = 4
4a
= 2005,8 (mm)
1
d1 d 2
d1 d 2
2
2
d
471,9
2
1
4
2
2
a=
(mm)
Ta tnh gc m
1
Nh vy
tha mn iu kin
120o
2.3 Xc nh s ai.
ta xc nh s ai cn thit z theo cng thc
z = PI.Kd/([Po]Ca.C1.Cu.Cz) = 2,8.1,45/(1,52.0,87.1,04.1,14.0,95) = 4,13
Trong :
PI - cng sut trn trc bnh ch ng, kw ta c PI = Pc = 2,8 (kw)
[P0 ]
- cng sut cho php,kw, (tra theo bng 4.19 Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c
Cl
l h s k n nh hng ca gc m
ly lm th nghim, ta c
Ta c
Cz
= 0,87
Cu = 1,14
P1 / [P0 ] = Z'
tra
Cz
Cz
Ta tra c
= 0.95
Ta chn z = 4
T s ai z c th xc nh chiu rng bnh ai B theo cng thc:
B = (z 1).t +2.e
t v e l cc thng s hnh hc ca ai ta tra theo bng 4.21:
t =15, e =10 ta c B=(4 -1).15 + 2.10 = 65
ng knh ngoi ca bnh :
h 0 3,3
da = d+ 2.h 0
Trong :
Fv = q m .v 2
= 0,105.6,2 = 0,31
qm
q m 0,105
K = 1,45
= 0,87
Z l s rng , ta c z = 4 theo tnh ton trn.
Lc tc dng ln trc l Fr = 2Fo.z.sin(1/2) = 2.236.4.sin(133,2/2) = 1733 (N)
Theo kt qu tnh ton ta c bng thng s sau:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
S ai
Lc tc dng nn trc
Z
Fr
Kt qu
125mm
6,2m/s
500mm
2000mm
471,9mm
133,2
4
1733N
(N)
B(mm)
b1
= 850 (MPa)
65mm
Phn 3: TNH
TON B
TRUYN
BNH RNG.
3.1. Chn vt
liu.
Chn vt liu
bnh rng vi:
Gii hn chy
ch1
= 580 (MPa).
- Bnh rng ln :
Thp 45 ti ci thin c rn HB 192240.
Chn cng HB = 230
Gii hn bn
b2
Gii hn chy
= 750 (MPa)
ch 2
= 450 (MPa).
Ho lim
Ho lim
K HL
SH
= 2HB +70: ng sut tip xc cho php ng vi s chu k c s. Tra bng 6.2.
Ho lim
mH
- KHL =
N HO
N HE
xc.
NHE = 60.1.
950
3,85 .15000 17,3.10 7
.
- SH = 1,1: H s an ton khi tnh v tip xc. Tra bng 6.2 (tp 1)
H 1
560.
=
1
509,1
1,1
(MPa)
Fo lim
Fo lim
. KFC.
K FL
SF
Fo lim1
Fo lim 2
- KFL =
N FO
N FE
+ mF = 6 do HB=245 <350.
+ NFO = NFO1 = NFO2 = 4.106 : S chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v un.
\
- SF = 1,75: H s an ton khi tnh v un. tra bng 6.2.
F 1
F 2
441.1.
=
1
252
1,75
414.1.
=
(MPa)
1
236,57
1,75
(MPa)
2,8. ch1
2,8. ch 2
H 1 max
H 2 max
H max
H 2 max 1260
(Mpa)
0,8. ch1
0,8. ch 2
F 1 max
F 2 max
Re K R u 2 13 T1 K H / 1 K be K beu H
(mm).
ba
+ Kbe = 0,25
+ KH = 1,12 : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh rng
khi tnh v tip xc. tra bng 6.21.
3.3.2. Xc nh cc thng s n khp.
2 Re / u 2 1 2.211,8 / 4 2 1 102,7
(mm)
z1
26
o
arctg
14
104
z2
1 arctg
2 90 1 90 14 76 o
T bng 6.20, vi Z1 = 26 , chn h s dch chnh u x1 = 0,38 v x2 = -0,38.
ng knh trung bnh bnh nh: dm1 = Z1.mtm = 26.3,5 = 91 (mm).
Re 0,5mte z12 z 22 0,5.4 26 2 104 2 214,4
Chiu di cn ngoi:
(mm)
3.3.3 kim nghim rng v bn tip xc.
Theo 6.8
Theo 6.59a
4 / 3 4 1,73 / 3 0,76
1 1
1
1
1,88 3,2
1,88 3,2
1,73
z z
26
104
1
2
- Theo 6.61 KH = KH KH KHv = 1,12.1.1,07 = 1,2
+ Bnh rng cn rng thng : KH = 1
+ Vn tc vng theo 6.22 : v = dm1n1/60000 = .89,9.238/60000 = 1,12 (m/s)
Theo bng 6.13 dng cp chnh xc 9
= 0,006
K Hv 1
Theo 6.63
v H bd m1
5,2.53,6.91
1
1,07
2T1 K H K H
2.168500.1,12.1
Z
H
Z R K xH 481,8.1.0,95.1 458
H H
Ly b =30 (mm)
3.3.4. Kim nghim rng v bn un.
(Mpa)
F1
Theo 6.25
F2
2.T1.K F .Y .Y .YF 1
0,85.b.mtm .d m1
F1
F1
YF2/YF1 [
F2
F F g o v d m1 u 1 / u 0,016.73.1,12 91. 4 1 / 4 14
(m/s)
F2
=113
F 1
= 252 (Mpa)
F2
=105
F 2
=235,57 (Mpa)
Nh vy iu kin bn un c m bo
3.3.5. Kim nghim rng v qu ti.
H s qu ti: Kqt = 1,8
- ng sut tip xc cc i:
(Mpa)
H max
= 1260 (MPa)
F 1 max F 1 .K qt
=
F 2 max F 2 .K qt
=
F 1 max
F 2 max
= 464 (MPa)
= 360 (MPa)
Rng tha mn iu kin trnh bin dng d hoc ph hng tnh mt ln chn rng.
Kch thc b truyn bnh rng cn:
Chiu di cn: Re = 214,4 (mm)
M un vng ngoi: mte = 4 (mm)
Chiu rng vnh rng: bw = 30 (mm)
T s truyn: um = 4
Gc nghing rng: = 0
S rng bnh rng: z1 = 26 z2 =104
H s dch chnh chiu cao: x1 = 0,38 x2 = -0,38
Theo cng thc bng 6.19 tnh c:
ng knh ngoi: de1 = mtez1 = 4.26 = 104 (mm) de2 = mtez2 = 4.104 = 416 (mm)
Gc cn chia:
1 14o ; 2 76o
Gii hn chy
= 600 (Mpa)
ch
= 340 (MPa)
= 1220 (MPa)
T1
168500
3
34,8
0,2.
0,2.20
- ng knh trc I: d1 =
(mm)
Ly d1 = 35 (mm)
3
T2
630300
3
54
0,2.
0,2.20
(mm)
Ly d2 = 55 (mm)
4.2.2. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi .
- Chn chiu rng ln. Tra bng 10.2.
Bng 4.1.
d (mm)
35
bo (mm)
21
- Chiu di may bnh ai:
+ lm12 = (1,21,5).d1 = (1,21,5).35 = 4252,5 (mm)
chn lm12 = 50 (mm)
-chiu di may bnh rng cn:
+ lm13 = (1,21,4).d1 = (1,21,5).35 = 4252,5 (mm)
chn lm13 = 50 (mm)
+ lm23 = (1,21,4).d2 = (1,21,5).55 = 66 77 (mm)
chn lm23 = 70 (mm)
- Chiu di may na khp ni:
+ lm22 = (1,42,5).d2 = (1,42,5).55 = 77137,5 (mm)
55
29
K hiu v gi
tr
k1 = 10
K2 = 5
K3 = 10
hn = 15
r13 =
d e13 104
52
2
2
(mm)
Fx13 =
Fz13 =
(N)
r13
52
cq1cb13 Ft13
.1.1.3240 3240
r13
52
Fy13 =
2T1
168500
2
3240
d e13
104
(N)
r13 Ft13
52 3240
tg n cos 13 .
tg 20 o cos14o 1144
o
r13 cos
52 cos 0
(N)
(N)
=F
Fly11 =
M F
0
x1
y12
1325
l11
95
+ Phng trnh lc :
(N)
Flx11 =
M F
0
y1
4475
l11
95
+ Phng trnh lc :
(N)
(N)
M x212 M y212 02 02 0
+ M12 =
(Nmm)
Mt12 =
3
d12 =
(Nmm)
(mm)
(Nmm)
Mt10 =
3
d10 =
(mm)
(Nmm)
(Nmm)
Mt11 =
3
d11 =
(Nmm)
(mm)
(Nmm)
Mt13 =
3
d13 =
(Nmm)
(mm)
T2
630300
0,2...0,3
1327...1990
D2
95
(N)
M F
=F
x2
y23
Fy 23 .l 23 Fz 23 .r23
Fly21 =
l 21
+ Phng trnh lc :
Flx21 =
M0
y1
2696
l 21
191,6
(N)
+ Phng trnh lc :
M x221 M y221 0 2 0 2 0
+ M21 =
(Nmm)
Mt21 =
d21 = d23 =
M t 21
0
3
0,1
0,1.50
(Nmm)
(mm)
(Nmm)
Mt23 =
3
d23 =
+ M20 =
Mt20 =
(Nmm)
(mm)
0 2 119300 2 119300
(Nmm)
(Nmm)
d20 =
M t 20
558700
3
48,2
0,1
0,1.50
M x222 M y222
(mm)
02 02 0
+ M22 =
(Nmm)
Mt22 =
3
d22 =
(Nmm)
(mm)
Sj
Sj .Sj
S2j S2j
S
-
Sj
Sj
S j
1
kdj . aj . mj
Sj
1
kdj . j . mj
+ Vi thp 45 c
= 600 (Mpa)
Kdj
kdj
(Mpa)
(Mpa)
K d K x 1 / K y
Kd K x 1 / K y
+
=1,46 , = 1,54: H s tp trung ng sut thc t khi un v khi xon. Tra
bng 10.12. (Trc c rnh then, s dng dao phay ngn gia cng)
+
+ Kx = 1,06: H s tp trung ng sut do trng thi b mt. Tra bng 10.8.( Gia cng
trn my tin nhm t Ra = 2,50,63)
+ Ky = 1: H s tng bn mt trc. Khng dng cc bin php tng bn b mt.
T ta tnh c
K dj K j
,
Bng 4.3.
Tit din
d
12
30
0,9
0,85
13
32
0,874
0,804
11
40
0,85
0,78
20
45
0,83
23
52
0,797
0,77
5
0,752
1,67
1,72
1,76
5
-
then
1,92
1,97
2,00
Lp
2,06
2,06
2,06
2,06
2,28
1,64
1,64
1,64
1,64
1,87
K dj
2,12
2,12
2,12
2,12
2,34
Kdj
1,70
1,98
2,03
2,06
1,93
Rn
h
di
aj , aj , mj , mj
din j:
Wj
Wj
d 3j
32
, Wo j
d 3j
16
d 3j bt1 d j t1
32
2d j
Wo j
d 3j bt1 d j t1
16
2d j
aj max j
mj
+
= 0,
mj aj
+
T
max
j
2
2Woj
Mj
Wj
mch ng.
Bng 4.4.
Tit din
d (mm)
b h
(mm2)
t1 (mm)
M (Nmm)
W (mm3)
(Mpa)
T (Nmm)
3
Wo (mm )
m , a
(Mp
a)
12
30
8x7
13
32
10
4
0
2290
0
8
5
14800
2647
5.6
214900 119300
6263
1857
34.3
64,2
6
90400
11851
7,6
16850
630300
0
4941
17,5
5864
14,4
11
40
12566
6,7
20
45
21715
14,5
23
52
16x10
25655
12,3
0,05 0
,
S S
,
, S.
Bng 4.5.
Tit din
d (mm)
-1
(Mpa)
K
12
30
261,6
11
40
261,6
20
45
261,6
2,12
5.6
2,12
34.3
2,12
64,2
2,34
7,6
0,05
0,05
0,05
0,05
0,05
22
3,4
1,9
14,7
151,7
1,98
14,4
0
151,7
2,03
6,7
0
151,7
2,06
14,5
0
151,7
1,93
12,3
0
14,4
5,3
4,3
6,7
11,2
2,6
14,5
5,1
1,5
12,3
6,4
4,4
2,12
0
-1 (Mpa) 151,7
K
1,7
a
17,5
0
m
S
S
17,5
5,1
0
13
32
261,6
23
52
261,6
Vy kt qu cho thy ti cc tit din nguy him trn trc u tha mn v iu kin
bn.
kt cu trc chn tha mn.
* Kim nghim bn ca then.
Chn vt liu thp 45, chu ti trng va p nh.
- Ta tin hnh kim nghim bn dp v bn ct ca then theo cng thc:
2.T
d
d .lt . h t1
2.T
c
d .lt .b
100
d
40
d (mm)
12
32
13
22
30
45
23
52
lt
(mm)
b h
(mm2)
40
10 8
8x7
14 9
43
75
62
16 1
0
t1 (mm) T (N.mm)
168500
5
5,5
168500
630300
140,4
100
35,1
25
630300
97,8
24,4
2.126375
24,5
30.43.8
=
(Mpa)
Tit din 13 tha mn iu kin bn ct.
- kim nghim li bn mi.
Wo
(MPa
)
26,3
(MPa)
87,8
2.126375
98
30.43. 7 5
1192
32
d
32
30
d 3 bt1 d t1 2 30 3 14.5 30 5
3843
16
d
16
30
(Mpa)
(mm3)
(mm3)
a max
mj aj
S =
S =
M
0
0
W W
(Mpa)
T
max
630300
82
2
2Wo 2.3843
(Mpa)
151,7
5,3
1,98.14,4 0.14,4
t 2 3 2
Trong :
M max
0,1d 3
Tmax
0,2d 3
0,8 ch
- Mmax, Tmax: M men un, m men xon ln nht ti tit din nguy him lc qu ti
(Nmm)
- ch = 340: gii hn chy ca vt liu trc (Mpa).
T biu m men ta thy:
+ trc I tit din nguy him nht l 10
+ trc II tit din nguy him nht l 20
Bng 4.7.
Tit din
d (mm)
Mmax (Nmm)
(Mpa)
Tmax (Nmm)
(Mpa)
t (Mpa)
Vy trc tha mn iu kin bn tnh.
10
40
104900
37,4
168500
6,5
39,1
20
45
119300
29,1
630300
5,6
30,7
Co (kN)
11,6
Lh =
10 6 L
60n
L=
Lh 60n1 15000.60.238
214,2
10 6
10 6
(triu vng)
- Kh nng ti ng: Cd = Q
Vy kh nng ti ca c m bo.
5.1.3. Kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca .
Co (kN)
12,4
Flx21 =
M F
0
y1
1450
l11
191,6
+ Phng trnh lc :
(N)
(N)
(N)
Lh =
106 L
60n
L=
Lh 60n1 15000.60.60
54
10 6
10 6
(triu vng)
L 3546.10 / 3 54 11734
- Kh nng ti ng: Cd = Q
Vy kh nng ti ca c m bo.
2.k .T
d
Z .D0 .d c .l 3
2.1,3.42810
1,74
6.71.10.15
<2=
iu kin sc bn cht
k .T .l o
u
0,1.d c3 .Do .Z
l2
10
20 25
2
2
Trong : lo = l1 +
(mm)
[u] = 70 (Mpa): ng sut cho php ca cht.
1,3.42810.25
33 70 u
0,1.10 3.71.6
6.1. V hp.
Ch tiu c bn ca v hp gim tc l cng cao v khi lng nh, chn vt liu ph
bin nht hay c l gang xm, k hiu GX 15-32. Chn b mt ghp np v thn i qua
tm trc.
18.1
[2]
85
Theo bng
:
Tn gi
Chiu dy: Thn hp,
Np hp,
=
0,9
= 0,9.9 = 8,1
1
chn
= 8 (mm)
e = (0,8 1) = 7,2-9 mm chn e = 8
h 58
Khong 2o
d1 > 0,04a + 10 > 12 mm
d1 = 0,04.208 + 10 = 18,32 (mm) d1 =
M16
S3 = (1,4 1,8)d3 = 14 18
chn S3 = 17 (mm)
K3 = K2 (3 5) = 35
37
Chn K3 = 36 (mm)
B rng mt hp, K1 v q
S2 (1 1,1)d1 = 16 17,6
Chn S2 = 17 (mm)
K1 = 3d1 =3.16 = 48 (mm)
q
Khe h gia cc chi tit:
Gia bnh rng vi thnh trong hp
K1 2 48 2.9
= 66 (mm)
(1 1,2) 9 10,8
1 (3 5) 27 45
chn 1 = 40 (mm) (ty HGT & cht
lng du bi trn trong hp)
S lng bulng nn Z
Z=
(mm) Chn
= 10 (mm)
LB
200 300
Chn lp 6 bulng nn.
Cc thng s : b=15; m=10; f=3; L=29; c=2,5; q=19,8; D=32; S=22; D0=25,4.
6.2.3. Nt thng hi.
6.2.4. Cht nh v.
6.4 Bng k cc kiu lp, tr s sai lch gii hn v dung sai lp ghp.
Kiu lp ghp: Ta chn kiu lp ghp chung l H7/k6 (dng cho mi ghp khng yu
cu tho lp thng xuyn, tho khng thun tin hoc c th gy h hi cc chi tit
c ghp; kh nng nh tm ca mi ghp cao hn khi m bo chiu di may l
(1,2..1,5)d (d - ng knh trc), chng hn lp bnh rng, vng trong ln, a xch ln
trc, lp cc lt, tang quay; cc chi tit cn phng quay v di trt), mt s kiu lp
khc phi dng kiu lp lng D8/k6 (v d bc lt vi trc)
5
5
4
[3]
[3]
[3]
30
31
27
Bng k cc kiu lp ghp tra theo bng
cho H7,
cho D8,
cho d11,
4
[3]
23
cho k6 :
Kiu lp gia
Trc vo
Kiu
Dung
lp
sai
Trc ra
Kiu
Dung
lp
sai
(m)
(m)
+21
0
+15
+2
Ni trc n hi
trc
45
Bnh ai trc
30
ln trc
40
Cc lt ln
80
Bnh rng trc
H7
k6
H6
n6
H7
h6
+21
0
+15
+2
+13
0
+15
+28
+30
0
0
-19
+25
0
35
80
H7
k6
H6
n6
H7
h6
+16
0
+17
+33
+30
0
0
-19
+25
0
32
H7
k6
+18
+2
45
40
Np cc lt
80
Bc lt Trc
30
H7
d11
D8
k6
H7
k6
+18
+2
H7
k6
+30
0
H7
-100
d11
-290 80
+119
+80
+18
+2
+30
0
-100
-290