Anatomy & Physiology

. The brain & spinal cord are covered by:

- 3 meningeal membranes (from outside inward:

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

CSF is present in the subarachnoid space
between thb arachnoid mater & pia mater

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Ploductionof

CerebrospinaP Plqus
fluid

(CSF)

choroideus actlye

phsma

s4retlon

ultnfiltratior

(dltfercntlal p.6sure

I
I

ventrlcle
Subenchnoids
ependymal

ells

Fonmen lushka
Magendi

0
Brain

Intertercne

(Rsbso.ption

difrrcntialPl$ure

viill

arachnoidalis)

CSF circulates overthe cerebral hemispheres &

downward over the spinal cord
CSF is formed by the choroid plexuses through
ultrafiltration & active secretion
Absorption of the GSF occurrs through the
arachnoid villi

GEREBROSPTNAL FLUID (CSF) (2)

ent lnterlerc)l

Debrls WBC

RBC

O Total vohime adults 90-150 mL

ll neonates 10-60 mL
r t 20 mL of fluid/hour produced in choroid
plexuses & reabsorbed by villi in arachinoid
P CSF - BBB + is not an ultrafiltrate of plasma
different conc of substances between CSF & plasma
{* lon K, Ca, Mg, H, Cl - plasma (active transport/
diffusion)
$ Fat solube drug's (anesthesia, alcohol) depend on
its solubility
$ Antibiotic (penicillin, streptomycin) : do not enter
BBB
* Glucose, urea, protein, creatinine: CSF < blood

Gerebrospinal fluid (GSF) (3)

GSFPuncture
Location of puncture
L3-4 (adult)
L4-5 (child)
cisterna
cervical
ventricular

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Normal initial or opening pressure of the CSF

using a manometer:

mL

tI
l-

Aseptic

adult: 50 - 180 mmH" in lateral recumbent

position (slightly higfier pressures in a sifting
position) t up to 20 mL of CSF (15% total
CSF volume); if the CSF pressure <F N t l -2

il

infants & young children: l0

100 mmHs