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Bear Presentation
Bear Presentation
*Our project is about ( Foundation Design of AlMaslamani Mall) which is located in the village of
Beit Eba Nablus governorate.
*The total plan area of this mall is about 3500 m2
*The number of stories is 6; 4 stories above the
ground surface & 2 stories are below the ground
surface.
Literature Review
Site
Foundations
There
Many
Isolated
footings
Piles
Combined
Foundations
Mat
Isolated Footings
Its
Combined Foundations
Are used in the following cases:
footing
construction uses a strap
beam to connect an
eccentrically loaded column
foundation to the foundation
of an interior column .
Are
Pile Foundations
They
Piles
There are three modes of failure that limit bearing capacity: general
shear failure, local shear failure, and punching shear failure.
Geotechnical Investigation
Location
Depth (m)
South-west
7.0
East
7.0
West
6.0
North
10.0
= 20 KN/m
w = 7.6 % (avg.)
C = 0 KN/m (average)
LL = 44.5 %
= 25
PI = 25
G = 2.73
Load Calculations
Column #
Footing #
C21 ,C28
F1
Ultimate Load
(ton)
60
Service Load
(ton)
44.5
C8 ,C9
F2
120
89.0
C3 ,C38
F3
183
135.7
C1,C2,C7,C23,C30,C3
2,C43
C10,C15,C31,C37,C39,
C4,C16
C5,C6,C22,C29,C33,
C41,C42,C24,C36,C40
C11,C12,C13,C14,C17,
C34,C35
C18,C19,C20,C25,C26,
C27
F4
243
180.3
F5
347
257.4
F6
388
287.8
F7
522
387.2
F8
579
429.5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
There
The
Column #
F#
Columns Dimension
( m)
H
(m)
B
(m)
Depth
(m)
As , H
(mm2)
As , B
(mm2)
C21 ,C28
F1
D= 0.5m
1.1
1.1
0.4
816
816
C8 ,C9
0.5*0.2
C3 ,C38
F2
F3
1.6
2
1.6
2
0.5
0.45
1548
1710
1548
1710
C1,C2,C7,C23,
C30,C32,C43
F4
2.5
2.5
0.52
2614
2614
2.85
2.85
0.90
5330
5330
0.80
4930
4930
3.5
3.5
0.90
6540
6540
3.8
3.8
0.95
7530
7530
C10,C15,C31,
C37,C39,C4,
C16
C5,C6,C22,C29,
C33,C41,C42,
C24,C36,C40
C11,C12,C13,
C14,C17,C34,
C35
C18,C19,C20,
C25,C26,C27
F5
F6
F7
F8
C3 : 0.7*0.4
C38 : D = 0.8 m
C1, C2, C30 : 1.1*0.4
C7: 0.65*0.3
C23 : 0.75*0.75
C32 : 0.8*0.8
C43 : 0.6*0.3
C10 : 0.75*0.75
C15 , C37 : 0.6*0.3
C31 : 1.1*0.4
C39 : D=0.8m
C4 : 0.4*0.65
C16 : 0.75*0.75
C5,C6,C40,C41,C42 : 0.8 * 0.65
C22 , C29 : 0.6*0.3
C24 : 0.75*0.75
C33 : 1.1*0.4
C36 : D=0.8 m
C11,C12,C13,C14,C35: D= 0.8 m
C17 , C34 : 0.75*0.75
C18,C19,C20,C26,C27: D=0.8 m
C25 : 0.8*0.8
Pile Foundation
Qu = Qp + Qs
10
12
14
15
16
18
0.5
122
164
216
278
312
349
430
0.6
157
208
271
345
386
430
526
0.7
196
256
329
415
463
514
627
0.8
239
307
390
489
544
602
731
0.9
285
362
455
566
628
694
839
335
420
524
647
716
789
951
Service Load
)KN(
Pile size
)L,D(
)m,m(
of piles#
Cap
dimension
)m(
)F1
(21+28
445
(0.5 , 8)
2.22.2
)F2
(8+9
890
(0.5 , 14)
2.22.2
)F3
(3+38
1357
(0.5 , 16)
2.22.2
1+2+7+23+30+32
)F4
(43+
1803
(0.7 , 15)
2.852.85
10+15+31+37+39
)F5
(4+16+
2574
(0.7 , 15)
2.854.6
5+6+22+29+33+41
42+24+36+40+
)F6 (
2878
(0.8 , 14)
3.25.2
11+12+13+14+17
)F7
(34+35+
3872
(0.8 , 14)
3.27.2
18+19+20+25+26
)F8
(27+
4295
(0.8 , 15)
3.27.2
The structural pile design depends on the nature of soil, which is either stiff or weak, the
pile is to be designed as short column if the soil is stiff , and designed as along column if
the soil is weak.
The minimum area of steel is 0.5% of the gross area of the pile, also the ties are used
starting with 5 cm spacing and ending by 30 cm spacing .the concrete cover must be not
less than 7.5 cm.
Asmin=0.005Ag
M= Qg(u ) / Qu
Where:
Qg(u)= ultimate load bearing capacity of the group pile.
Qu= ultimate load-bearing capacity of each pile without the group effect
Using simplified analysis to obtain the group efficiency as shown in the following
:formula
= (2(m+n-2) + 4D) / (pmn)
:Where
.m: # of piles in the direction of Lg
.n:# of piles in the direction of Bg
.d: Spacing between piles centers
D: Diameter of the pile
P: Perimeter of pile cross section
Design Steps:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Conclusions:
From soil report, we note that PI is 25 and cohesion is zero and this ) 1
:can be explained by the following
We have soil contains some clay between gravels, and when we take a
sample of this soil to be tested for atterberg limits to determine PI,we
use sieve #40 and we take the passing which are clay particles and in
.turn this leads to increase the magnitude of plasticity index
. Cohesion is zero since the soil sample is almost gravel
After designing the two alternative choices (single footings and piles ) 2
system) & surveying the quantities for concrete only, we find that it is
more practical, realistic and economical to use single footings
there is no need to make settlement calculations for footings and ) 3
piles ,since we have a gravely soil with B.C of 3.5 kg/cm2(the
..settlements in our situation are tolerable, so we can ignore them)