Experiment 6: Comparative Reaction of Group III Cations (Ammonium Sulfide)

Ions

NH OH

excess
NH OH

NH Cl &
NH OH

(NH ) S

Al(OH)
white gelatinous ppt

insoluble

Al(OH)
white
gelatinous
ppt

Al(OH)
white
gelatinous
ppt

Cr(OH)
grayish green ppt

insoluble

Cr(OH)
grayish
green ppt

Zn(OH)
white ppt

Zn(NH )
sol.
colorless
soln

2+

Al

3+

Cr

3+

Zn

2+

3 4

excess
NaOH

Na OH or
HO

Al(OH)
white gelatinous ppt

NaAlO sol.
colorless
soln

No reaction

Cr(OH)
grayish
green ppt

Cr(OH)
grayish green ppt

NaCrO sol.
colorless
soln

Na CrO
yellow soln

soluble

ZnS
white
metallic ppt

Zn(OH)
white ppt

Na ZnO sol.
colorless
soln

No reaction

4 2

NaOH

Mn

Mn(OH) Mn0 H O
whitelight brown ppt

insoluble

soluble

MnS
flesh or
salmon ppt

Mn(OH)
whitelight brown ppt

insoluble

Mn0 H O
brown ppt

Fe

3+

Fe(OH)
reddish brown ppt

insoluble

Fe(OH)
reddish
brown ppt

FeS
black ppt

Fe(OH)
reddish brown ppt

insoluble

No reaction

Fe

2+

Fe(OH)
whitegreenreddish
brown ppt

insoluble

soluble

FeS
black ppt

Fe(OH)
whitegreenreddish
brown ppt

insoluble

Fe(OH)
reddish brown
ppt

Co(OH)NO
blue basic salt

Co(NH )
dirty yellow
soln

soluble

CoS
black ppt

Co(OH) blue ppt

pink on warming

insoluble

Co(OH)
brown or black
ppt

Ni(OH)NO
green basic salt

Ni(NH )
blue soln

2+

Co

2+

3 4

2+

Ni(OH) apple
green ppt with
HO
no oxidation
with Na O
3

Ni

2+

3 4

2+

soluble

NiS
black ppt

Ni(OH)
apple green ppt

insoluble

Experiment 6: Confirmatory Test of Group III Cations (Ammonium Sulfide)

Ions

Reagents
a.) Aluminum Test
NH OH aluminum

Formula

Color & Nature

Al(OH)

white gelatinous pptred lake with

aluminum

Al

3+

b.) Thenards blue test

NH OH, Co(No )
4

NaOH, H O or Na O
2

a.) AgNo
Cr

Co(AlO )

blue ash

Na Cro

yellow soln

brownish red ppt

BaCro

yellow ppt

PbCro

yellow ppt

2 3

3 2

b.) BaCl

Ag Cro

3+

c.) (CH COO) Pb, HAc

3

d.) 3% H O conc. H SO
ether vanishing blue
test
2

blue color

a.) K Fe(CN)
4

Zn Fe(CN) or
K Zn [Fe(CN) ]

white ppt

CoZnO

green ash

Zn

b.) Rinmmans green test

Co(NO ) , NH OH

Mn

HNO , NaBiO

2+

3+

HMnO

b.) K Fe(CN)

Fe [Fe(CN) ]

FeFe(CN) or Fe(CN)

b.) K Fe(CN)

brown soln
No reaction

Fe Fe(CN)

Fe [Fe(CN) ]

turnbulls blue/blue ppt

KNO , HAc

K Co(NO )

yellow ppt

2+

c.) K Fe(CN)

Ni

prussian blue/blue ppt

6 3

a.) KSCN

2+

blood red soln

2+

Co

purple soln

Fe(SCN)

c.) K Fe(CN)

2+

a.) KSCN

Fe

6 2

2+

3 2

Fe

NH OH, C H N O
4

whiteblue ppt

6 2

2 6

C H O N Ni or (C H O N ) Ni
8

14

2 2

cherry red ppt