The Multiple Regression Step by Step

In order to get the results of simple and multiple regressions, you need to handle with the following
steps:

1.

Compute Mean Scores

You need to compute the mean score of each factor in the independent constructs, as well
as the factor of the dependent constructs, which the relationship is going to test. However,
the mean score procedures of logistic regression and multiple regression are quite the
same.

For an example is to predict the relationship between Competence Upgrading and

Technology Innovation. So, Technology Innovation is dependent construct, which
consists of One factors and Competence Upgrading is independent construct, which
consists of Two factors as named and shown in the questionnaire design.

In order to compute the mean scores of each factor of dependent and independent
variables, you should pick up the final formal results of factor analysis stage. This
means that how many items still remain after the factor analysis?

Compute mean score instruction:

Click on Transform Compute Variable(then you will get Figure 1)

After you clicked on Compute Variable, you have to do some following steps:
Look at Figure 2, you have to type factor name (you can label any name) in Target
Variable is on the top-left panel.

In Numeric Expression panel, you can type Mean (? , ? ) and question mark ?
means that you have to insert items that you are going to compute after the factor
analysis. Figure 3 :

 Or you can scroll and find the Statistical key term at the right hand side and then
click on it. You will see Mean as shown in Figure 4. Then, you just double click on
Mean and you can insert items in Numeric Expression panel.

Then, you click OK. You can see the mean score of this factor on data view page as in
Figure 5.

2.

How to produce the results of multiple regressions?

Analyze >> Regression >> Linear >> Select a factor of Dependent construct from the left panel to
Dependent >> Select all the factors of independent constructs from the left panel to
Independent (See Figure 6)

Figure 6

>> Click on Statistics >> Select R squared change, Collinearity Diagnostics, DurbinWatson, and Covariance Matrix >> Click on Continue. (See Figure 7)

Figure 7

For Method, you may need to select Stepwise >> Click on OK (See Figure 8)

Figure 8

3.

How to check and select the results?

a. Model Summaryyou will see: R-square, Adjusted R-square, Durbin-Walson (D-W) and other
related values.
b. ANOVAyou will see: F-value and significant level (sig.)
c. Coefficientsyou will see: Standardized Coefficient (Beta), t-value, p-value, and VIF (VIF
range, supposed that you will have two independent variables) then you may need to write down
lowest and highest VIF value.
d. Excluded Variables
By following this procedure, there are some main criterions to treat the results of multiple regressions:
1.

To delete or reduce factor while running multiple regression in order to fit the rules of thumb,
you do need to make sure and observe or compare with other factors, which have the lowest tvalue (actually, criterion of t-value > 1.96) and p-value criteria (p <0.05 or <0.001 or <0.10),
then you can decide to delete that variable (factors). To delete variable, you must go back to the
regression stage again and then move the variable (s) to the left panel and click on OK.

2.

***

p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p <0.05, +p<0.1 with t-value (t >1.96) is significant level.

OUTPUTS OF MULTIPLE REGRESSION STEPS

Hypothesis H9 : Competence upgrading positively influences technology innovation.

Table 2 : The results of the influence of Competence Upgrading on Technology Innovation

Independent Variables
Competence Upgrading

Dependent Variable
Technology Innovation (TIMean)
Model-1
Beta ()

Model-2
Beta ()

Exploration Competence (CUercF1)

0.481***

Exploitation Competence (CUetcF2)

0.527***

R2

0.231

0.278

Adj-R2

0.227

0.274

F-value

59.561

76.150

P-value

0.000

0.000

D-W

1.731

1.684

VIF Range

1.000

1.000

t-value

7.718

8.726

Method

Stepwise

Stepwise

Note:

***

p < 0.001, ** p<0.01, * p< 0.05,+ p < 0.1