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Stroke (Penyakit Non Menular)
Stroke (Penyakit Non Menular)
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
CLASSIFICATION
Stroke is classified into two major types:
Brain ischemia thrombosis, embolism, or
systemic hypoperfusion (cardiac pump failure
fromcardiac arrestor arrhythmias, or from
reducedcardiac outputas a result of myocardial
infarction)
ISCHEMIC STROKE
EPIDEMIOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
NEUROLOGICAL IMPACT
Potentially affected neurological domains are :
Motor:Motorimpairments (the most prevalent of all
deficits) face, arm, andleg,alone or in various
combinations. Motor functions include cranial nerve
function (including speechand swallowing),muscle
power and tone, reflexes, balance, gait,
coordination.
Sensory:Sensory deficits (numbness,tingling, or
altered sensitivity). Themore complex sensory
lossesinclude astereognosis, agraphia,and
extinction to double simultaneousstimuli.
Vision:Strokecan cause monocular visual loss.
NEUROLOGICAL IMPACT
RISK FACTORS
Controllable Risk Factors:
High Blood Pressure
Atrial Fibrillation
High Cholesterol
Diabetes
Atherosclerosis
Circulation Problems
Tobacco Use and Smoking
Alcohol Use
Physical Inactivity
Obesity
RISK FACTORS
Uncontrollable Risk Factors:
Age
Gender
Race
Family History
Previous StrokeorTIA
Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Patent Foramen Ovale(PFO or Hole in the Heart)
DIAGNOSIS
IMPACT OF STROKE
TREATMENT OF A STROKE
TREATMENT OF STROKE
Rehabilitation :
speech therapy to relearn talking and
swallowing;
occupational therapy to regain as much function
dexterity in the arms and hands as possible;
physical therapy to improve strength and
walking;
family education to orient them in
caring for their lovedone at home and the
challenges they will face.
PROGNOSIS
PREVENTION
PREVENTION