ASEA ae tera nreern Voltage regulating relay type RAYA [CjoOjM/B[1) For power transformers with on-load tap changer [FI LIE lx! © Inverse or independent time-lag © Compensation for voltage drop inthe Contents characteristics can be chosen with a line to enable the voltage at a remote General information Pac change-over switch point in the network to be keot at @ Definitions Bi ‘© Undervoltage blocking Is adjustable desired level Design and mode of operation 2 between 70 and 90 % of the rated 6 Parallel operation of two or more Setting 5 volta Power transformers Data 5 © Overcurrent blocking is adjustable © No auxiliary voltage required Installation 6 between 1.1~2 times the rated current Maintenance 6 Ordering table 6 Diagrams 6 8 Reference publications ‘*Regietered trade mark (29404, 69282)ASEA General information ‘The voltage regulating relay type RAYA is used to regulate the secondary volt- age of power transformers which have on-load tap changers. Parallel control of two or more power transformers each having their own voltage regulating relay can be realised. RAYA consists mainly of @ regulating relay, a blocking unit, compensating unit and a test switch. The regulating function is obtained when the voltage, for a given time, deviates more than the pre-set degree { insensitivity from the set regulating “value. This time is dependent upon whether the relay is set to operate with an inverse or independent time-lag characteristic. The time-lag also re- duces the number of unnecessary tap- \ hanging operations which will other- wise be caused by short term voltage variations. The blocking unit in RAYA blocks the regulating pulses to the motor-operated mechanism of the tap changer when the undervoltage drops too low or the ov current is too high, to protect the tap changer. ‘The purpose of the compensating unit is. to compensate for the voltage drop in the line 80 that the voltage in the network at the main point of the load can be kept constant irrespective of any changes in the load. Definitions Regulating value (1), degree of insensiti- vity (2) and resetting ratio (3) are three conceptions which are used for regulat- ing relays. They are defined for RAYA with the aid of the following quantiti at which the LOWER relay picks up during a voltage rise Upper resetting value U,, = the voltage ‘at which the LOWER relay drops out when the voltage drops below U, Lower operating value U, at which the RAISE relay the voltage is decreasing the voltage ks up when Lower resetting value U,, = the voltage at which the RAISE relay drops out when the voltage increases from U, Fig. 2 shows how the values are normal- 'y positioned (1) Regulating value U, is defined as the ‘mean value of the two operating valves, Y +, jet» Ae The range of insensitivity A is the difference between the operating values, A = UU, (2) Degree of insensitivity AU is half of the range of insensitivity expressed as a percentage of the regulating value. UU, In other words, the degree of insensiti- vity Is the percentual voltage deviation from the regulating value which is necessary for regulating operation. (3) Resetting ratio b is the difference be- tween the regulating value and the re- setting value expressed as a percent- ‘age of half of the range of insensitivity. AU= Om 100 % = 100 % b= Y2=%s . 100% (upper resetting Az ratio) b,= Ycle . 100% (lower resetting Ar ratio) ‘Asarule, b, = by. yw arz [OR tus ar don io Fig. 2. The operating values in relation tothe reset ting values. Design and mode of operation Time-lag characteristic With the aid of a change-over switch, RAYA can be set to operate either with an inverse or an independent time-lag characteristic. With another selector switch the operating time can be adjus- ted in five stages to 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 seconds. For inverse time-lag characteristic, these operating times apply when the voltage deviation is equal to the set degree of insensitivity. See the curves below, Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b, wf wl 604 ote SOR ae Fig. 88. Operating time, with inverse tie-ag characteristic Inverse time is used when a more rapid regulation for greater voltage deviations excessive voltage deviations a basic time of 2.5—5 s only is obtained. This basic time implies that regulating operations caused by pow ful short-term voltage variations are avoided v0 604 ———______ 30} ———_ 18 OTT ee ORK we Fig. 2b. Operating time wih independent timeag oharactoratic, Independent time can be suitable when the subsequent transformer also has an on-load tap changer. When both sec- ‘ondary and tertiary stations are subjec- ted to voltage deviations, it is desirable that the transformer of the secondary station be regulated before that of the tertiary station so that the tertiary station is not regulated unnecessarily. Should, in this case, inverse time-lag charact- eristic be utilised, this would be detri- mental to the selectivity.(BXIND 21 ye yt 1.jCO}j | inaeh at) Phar RXCE 4 i TTS sae] fom] | bw { so} [nase i= Th Ly by LY - | Dy t_ cry | [ore | et 4 Ta] A] P| sssmeesere i cote ce ' i { 4 PHW SUS we [soe er i —4 se ‘41 ee *) Resistor which ie used when compensation isnot required. Fig. 4 Block diagram of RAYA Regulating relay AXCE 4 RXCE 4 is the unit in RAYA which, via two built-in output relays, controls the motor-operated mechanism of the tap changer. The regulating relay can slone control the tap changer If compensation and and overcurrent blocking are not required. The relay however, be supplemented with a resistor built into a RTXE component block, when the compensating unit is not required. The relay includes two input transtor- mers. See the block diagram in Fig. 4. The secondary winding of the one trans- former (1) is used for voltage measuring for the operating function. The other (2) Is used for the auxiliary voltage which at ter rectification, smoothing (3) and sta- bilising (4) supplies the solid state circuit of the regulating relay and two output rel ‘The one of the two output relays trans- fers the raise signal (5) to the motor ope- rated mechanism of the tap changer and the other the lower signal (6). if the voltage deviation remains, e.g. during undervoltage, repeated pulses are obtained from the RAISE relay until the supply voltage Increases to a value larger then or equal to the lower reset- ting value Up, The regulating relay has potentiometers for setting of the regulating value and the degree of insensitivity. Furthermore, there is a selector switch for choosing the time-lag characteristic and oper- ating time. On the front there are two light emitting diodes which indicate un- dervoltage or overvoltage. As the tap changer changes the trans- former's voltage stepwise, the relay's degree of insensitivity must be matched accordingly. f the degree of insensitivity is too low oscillations may oceur; it itis to high, the small steps of the transfor- mer are not utilised. {tis advisable to choose a degree of in- sensitivity for the relay of approx. 80 % of the transformer’s step voltage. Example: If the tap-changer step is 1% choose degree of insensitivity = 0.8x1 = 0.8%. On transformers where the transfor- mer's percentual step voltage is not con- stant it may be necessary to select a higher degree of insensitivity. Fg. 5. Front view of regulating relay AXCE 4. (9495)Blocking unit RXTNB 2 ‘The purpose of the blocking unit is to lock the regulating pulse to the oper- ‘ating mechanism of the tap changer when the current rises above or the vol- tage drops below certain preset values. casea @- @ §. Front of blocking unit RXTNB 2 (80496) RRXTNB 2 contains level detecting cir- cuits, which control a transistor circuit for a built-in electro-mechanical relay. This relay is normally in the picked-up position but for blocking functions it ‘drops out and opens the circults which operate the tap changer. ‘The blocking unit is steplessly adjust- able with potentiometers. The under- voltage limit can be set between 70-90 % of the rated voltage (U,) and ‘the overcurrent limit to between .1—2 times the rated current (,). See Fig.7. ent. The undervoltag blocking is steplessly adlust- fe between 70-00 % of the rated voltage. The ‘overcurrent blocking is steplessly adjustable be- ‘tween 1-1-2 times the rated cure On modern tap changers the overcur- rent blocking need not be set to lower than 1.5-2 times the rated current (/,). If the voltage between two phases and the Current in the third phase is measured, the undervoltage and overcurrent block- ing supplements each other. If a large current flows in any of the first two phases the voltage between these will be Influenced and undervoltage blocking will be obtained. ‘Compensating unit Regulating relay RXCE 4 and blocking unit RXTNB 2 can be supplemented with ‘@ compensating unit. The purpose of this unit is to supply the regulating re- lay with @ compensating voltage pro- portional to the voltage drop on the line but of reversed polarity. This means that the total voltage which is supplied to the regulating relay corresponds to the voltage at the main point of the load. When, for example, the load increast the regulating relay senses a lower total voltage and operates the tap changer to 8 higher supply voltage so that the volt- age at the point of the load is kept con- stant. RXTND 21 With simple Z compensation use is made of compensating unit RXTND 21, see p. 1, which can be connected for 1 A,2 A, or 5 A rated current via a terminal block on the front. With a potentiometer, the compensating voltage can be set between 0-20 % of the power transtor- ‘mer's secondary rated voltage. RXTND 22 For R and X compensation and parallel control in accordance with the reversed reactance method, use is made of RXTND 22 ‘Compensating unit RXTND 22 is, in various versions, available for rated cur- rents of 1 A, 2A and 5 A. With two poten- tlometers the R and X components of the compensating voltage can be set between 0-20 % of the power transfor- mer's secondary rated voltage. RXTND'S Provides complete R and X compensa- tion for the voltage drop in the line. With two potentiometers the R and X compo- nents of the compensating voltage can be set between 0-20% of the power transformers secondary rated voltage. ‘Two or more power transformers each having their own voltage regulating relay RAYA can be paraliel controlled in ac- cordance with the circulating current method. Each RAYA-relay must then be supplemented with two intermediate current transformers. Transformer unit RTTD 181, see Fig. 9, is therefore in- cluded in this version of the voltage regulating relay. For monitoring the circulating current, a RXIG 2 type relay, which blocks the regulating function when the circulating current is too high, can be connected in the circulating current circuit between the RXTND 4 for the parallel controlled transformers. RXIG 2 requires auxiliary voltage which, if such Is not available, can be taken via a rectifier unit direct from the supervised a.c. voltage. A recti- fier unit for this purpose Is included in the transformer unit ATTD 181. ‘The purpose of the current relay and the transformer units are described in more detail in conjunction with the compen- sating unit RXTND 4 in Information RK 821-302, RAYA with RXTND 4 can also be utilised for parallel control in accordance with the reversed reactance method. Fig. 8. voltage regulating relay RAYA with fost switch RTXP 18, regulating relay RXCE 4, blocking unit XTNB 2, current ral RXIG 2, compensating unit RXTND 4 and wanalormer unit RTTO 161. (89779)ting possibilities (see Fig. 10) 1. Regulating value U,, in % of rated dependent time-lag characteristic, 3. The operating time can be selected between 15, 30, 60, 90 or 120s. 4. Degree of insensitivity 4 U, in % of U, 5. Compensation of line voltage drop, in %ot Uy. 6. Overcurrent blocking, 1.1-2 times rated current |, 7. Undervoltage " blocking, Uy. 8. The duration of the output signal is ‘adjustable with a selector switch from approx. 2 seconds or continuous. The selector switch is built into the regulating relay RXCE 4. For adjust- in % of lt the compensating unit RXTND 22 or RXTND 4 are included, additional set- tings must be made. RXTND 22 has two knobs for setting the degree of compensation, one for the percentual reactive voltage drop of the line and one for the percentual resistive voltage drop of the li RXTND 4 has also two knobs for com- pensating the reactive and resistive vol- tage drop of the line. With a third knob the influence of the circulating current on parallel control of more than one po- wer transformer can be regulated. Fur- thermore, there is a switch for selecting the direct circulating current method or the reverse reactance method for com- pensation of voltage drop. RTTD 181 has a switch for connecting RAYA for parallel control. Each setting knob has a screwdriver slot accessible through a hole in the plastic covers of the relays. The holes are nor- mally sealed off with removable plastic plugs. 1 8 one: Fig. 10. Diagram of he seting knobs and selector ‘swliches on RAYA as per Cat: No. RK 821 001~AB. Data Rated voltage U,, reconnectible for 100, 110, 115 or 120 V, 50-60 Hz Hated current’, AXTNB 2 reconnectible for 1 A, 2A or 5A AXTND 21 reconnectible for 1A, 2A or 5A RXTND 22 different versions for 1A, 2 Aor5 A XTND 4 differant versions for 0.2 A 60 Hz, 0.2 A 60 Hz, 5 A 50 Hz, 5 A 60 Hz Power consumption RXCE 4 approx. 4 VA, P.F.=0.9 RXTNB 2 approx. 2.6 VA at U = U, and! = /, RXTND 21 approx. 0.3 VA at /, and Z = 20 % AXTND 22 approx. 0.5 VA per phase at/, and A= X = 20% RXTND4 approx. 2.5 VAat/, and R = X = 20% Regulating value U, ‘steplessly adjustable from 90-110 % of U,, Degree of insensitivity AU steplessly adjustable from + 0.5to 3 % of U, Resetting ratio ‘approx. 70 % Operating time characteristic_reconnectibie for independent or inverse time Operating time \djustable to 15, 30, 60, 90 or 120 s (for Inverse time, the times apply at a voltage deviation equivalent to 4 U) Regulating pulse Teconnectibie to approx. 2 8 or continuous ‘ecuracy Disperaion of operating value <02% Dispersion of operating time < 10% Graduation errors. 205% Frequency Temperature dependency independent within the range 45-60 Hz < 0.1 % of the regulating value and the operating time when the ambient temperature changes by + 25 °C from 20 °C Blocking funtion ‘Setting for blocking of the sgulating pulse at an undervoitage of 70-90 % of U, at/, overcurrent 1.1-2 times |, at U, Test voltage 25 KV, 50 Hz ‘Surge voltage 5 KV, 1.2/50 us, 0.5 joule interference voltage 2.5 kV, 1 MHz ‘Ambient temperature Contact date Permissible range ~5 °C to +55 °C for output relays in AXCE 4 and AXTNE 2 Max. system voltage Continuous current carrying capacity Making capacity Breaking capacity P.F. >0.1, max. 220 Vac LR < 40 ms, max. 55 V d.c 110 220V 300 V 4. 250V ac. 5A 10A 10A 1A O4A O2A Component block RTXE Resistor, 560 ohmsInstallation RAYA is supplied mounted on appart tus bars with modular widths 30C or 60C (C = 7 mm). The function units are in- tended to be screwed to the supporting frame in 19” equipment frames or COM- BIFLEX cases type RHGX. All internal connections have been ‘and therefore only the external connections to the test switch need to be made during installation. All plug-in modules which are to be con- nected to current transformers have short circuiting devices type RTXK fixed to the rear side of the terminal base. This means that the current circuit will T fiodror [re i arsghaie-] { oper ae Tar ras “8 ) asp ae | Qu Fig. 11. The diagrams show the positions when ‘mounted on apparatus bars in accordance withthe Maintenance Under normal conditions, RAYA re- quires virtually no maintenance. The relay covers should be correctly moun- ted and the holes for the knobs sealed off with removable plastic plugs. bert circuited when the module is COMBIFLEX system removed from the terminal base. $= 44.45 mm, C =7 mm. Ordering table Pan -ounted on apparatus bars ad Compensation units: reat avnen — "awmtna Seek arn 23,22 RATND Sony we Pocao” —Por'tor Poe 9_—_—Pos 319. Pon 151 Pon 318 Poe ua cnt. Ne. RIXP 18 RXCE4') RXTNB2 - - - RK 821 001—AA RXCE 4 RXTND 21 - - AB 22,14 - - AC 22,2A - - -AD 22,5A - - AE RIXP 18 RXCE 4 RXTNB 2 XTND 4,5, 50Hz RXIG2,0.1- 0.3 A TTD 181,5A RK 821 O10-AA 5 A, 50 Hz 0.25-0.75 A 5A -AB 5 A, 60 Hz 0.1- 03 A SA Ac 5 A, 60 Hz 0.25-0.75 A 5A -AD 0.2 A 50 Hz 0.01-0.03 A O2A AF 0.2 A, 60 Hz 0.01-0.03 A O2A AK 1)" one component block. type RTXE wih resistor 60 ohms od tothe reer ofthe terminal base. v 101 RIXP 18 Test ewer for RACES) Regulating relay 9 PATO 2 Blocking a 318 RIXE, Component ick +) Programme contol can be connected between ter- iminals 101712 B and 101.138 2) Hand/Auo selector switch 3} Blocking of operating mechanism “Signal fr Raise 5) Signal for Lower Fig 2 Biagram ot RAYA as per Cat. No. RK 821 001-AA15651 137-CA 401 RTXP 18 Tost switch 7 RXCE4 Regulating relay 19 AKTNB2 Blocking unit [RXTND 21 Compensating unit +) Programme control can be connected between ter- ) ed torze and 108 2) Hand Ao selector switch 3} Blocking of operating mechanism ‘Signal fr Resse 5) Signal for Lower Fig. 13 Disgram of RAYA as per Cat. No. RA B21 001-AB 401 ATXP 18 Test ewiten 307 AXCEA. Regulating unt 119 AXTNB 2 Blocking unit ‘319 AXTND 22 Compensating unit *) With, reversed X compensation connections 319221-319:228 must be moved fo 319221 and Hand Auto selector ewich Fig. 14 Diagram of RAYA as per Cat. No. RK 821 001-AC, ~AD. AEfor oo 38 3 ls Reference publications Compensating unit RXTND 21 and RXTND 22 Pe reactance method. Information RK 621-301 E. ‘Compensating unit RXTND 4 Parallel control in accordance with the circulating © ‘ent method. Rtrormation RK 821-302 E. relay in accordance with 5631 197—AA, BA, —CA. {Imation AK 821—100 E. Commissioning and testing of voltage regulating diagram relay RAYA in 5631 146-AA. Information RK 821-102 E. Modular system COMBIFLEX Catalogue RK 92-10 E. Test system COMBITEST Catalogue RK 92-11 E accordance with Equipment frames. Catalogue SK 14-1 E. lel control in accordance with the reversed ioning and testing of voltage regulating diagram 101 RIXE 18. Test switch 107 RCE 4 Rogulating relay 119 AXTNB2 Blocking Unit 319 AXIG Gurrentrelay 131 RXTND4 Compensating unit 143 RTTD 181 Transtormer unt Connection for peraliel operation of two tranatormer AYA Transl. 1. RAYA Transl 2 Beech sel|Sene8 ee J ao of ay 1:1, 1:2 and 2:7, 22 are aunllary contacts onthe cir= cuit breakers of tanslormers T1 and 12. respect- wal The positions shown apply when the breakers are cloced °) Connect 319:225-319:226 at 110-125 V 5) On/OMt selector switch for parallel operation 2) Hand/Auto selector ewiteh| 4) Signal for Raise 9) Signal for Lower *) Blocking of operating mechanism Fig. 15 Diagram of RAYA as per Cat. No. RK 821 010-AA, -AB, -AC, AF, -AH Cat. Nos. RK 821 001-010 see p. 6. ASEA Relay Division S-721 83 VASTERAS SWEDEN Tel. +46 21 100000 Reg, 5631 ‘EA Rakim Pritdin Sweden Viner 198010 Vivier Ace 20