DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : B.V.Lakshmana Rao
Designation : Head of Section
Branch
: Chemical Engineering
Institute
: J.N.Govt Polytechnic, Hyderabad
Year/Semester
: VII Semester
Subject
: Thermodynamics & Reaction
Engineering
Subject Code
: CH 702
Topic
: Introduction-First Law of thermodynamic &
Volumetric
properties of pure fluids (18/18)
Duration
: 50 min
Sub -Topic
: Introduction of Thermodynamics
Teaching Aids
: PPT, Animations, Photographs

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Fig 1 Energy Changes From One Form To Another

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Fig 2 Conversion of Energy

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What is Thermodynamics?

Thermodynamics is the study of the effects of work, heat,

and energy on a system. Thermodynamics is only concerned
with large scale observations.

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Objectives
On completion of this period you would be able to

Know the scope of Thermodynamics.

Know the Dimensions & Units for Mass, Length,

Time, Force, Temperature, Volume, Pressure,
Work, Energy & Heat.

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What is the scope of thermodynamics?

It deals with the transformation of energies from one
form to another.
It concerns with Heat and work requirement for
chemical and physical changes.

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 The principles of thermodynamics are utilized by

chemical Engineers.
It cannot predict the rate of any process.

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Fig 3 Chemical Industry

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Fundamental Quantities
Mass

Kilogram (Kg)

Length

Meter (m)

Time

Second (s)

Force

Newton (N)

Temperature

Volume

m3

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Pressure

Force/Area = N/m2

Work

Force X Distance
Nm = Joule (J)

Power

Work/Time = J/S = Watt

Energy

Same as Work i.e., Joule

Heat

Calorie (Cal)

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10

Conversions
1 lb
1 liter
1 ft
1 hr
1 atm
1 Btu
To F
oR
oK
oR

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.4536 kg
1000 c.c
0.3048 m
3600 sec
14.7 psia
252 cal = 778 ft lbf
1.8 (to C) + 32
1.8 oK
oC + 273
oF + 460
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Fig 4 Heat & Work

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12

Work done as a result of Compression or

expansion =

W=

v2
PdV

v1
Where V1 and V2 are initial and
final volumes

P is the pressure
Kinetic Energy = K.E = mV2/2gc
Where m is mass, V is the velocity
Potential Energy = P.E = mgh/gc
Where m is the mass
g is acceleration due to gravity
h is the height
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13

Summary
We have discussed about
Scope and importance of Thermodynamics.
Various Quantities and their units.
Conversions from one system of units to other.

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14

Quiz
1. Thermodynamics deals with
a. Energy
b. Mass
c. Force

2. The unit of Force in S.I. unit is

a. Kilogram
b. Newton
c. Hour

3. 1 atm =

_____Psia

a. 1.5
b. 14.7
c. 10
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15

Questions
1.

Write the importance of thermodynamics?

2.

What are different forms of Energy?

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