Sentence sts 64 Common prepositions of time 168 at before after since for during until/till Notes from a time to/until atime: at 9 o'clock an age: at fifteendthe age of fifteen a day or a date: on Monday, on 25th September ‘on Saturday afternoon, on the morning of 4th June + noun/gerund: On departure/departing, she = When she departed, she a period of time: = some time during that period: in the morning, in February, in 1994 ~ at the end of a stated period: I'll be ready in five minutes. (five minutes from now) ~ the length of time that something takes: Tread the book in two and a fal? ours 4 time, date, period, not later than that time: You must be ere by 7 o'clock a time, date, period, event: I never go to bed before midnight. a time, date, period, event: PU phone you after lunch, 4 point in time, from that time until now or until a point in the past We've been here since Tuesday. It was the end of the summer. They had been there since June. a period of time: They've been together for three years. a named period or an event: We always work hard during the summer, Fighting broke out between rival fans during the match. 4 point in time, the point in time at which the action finished: We slept untiltll 8.00. We didn’t wake up untl/ill 8,00, atime: Wie slept from 11.30 to/uneil/ilt 8.00. ‘We use at with festivals and religious celebrations: at Easter + We say at night. But we can also say inthe night meaning during, + We often use last/this/next with time words: We didn’t go on holiday last surnner 1m going home this weekend. 1 see you next Monday. + Daring versus for: We rented a cottage for the sumer [Tells us how long)Serene structure He became il during the summer, (Tells us when ~ at Some point in the summer period) We spend all our time outside during the summer (Tells us when - refers to the whole summer period) * During versus in ‘They can both be used to refer to something that happens throughout a time period, from its beginning to its end, and soit s often possible to use ether daring or in. 1 very cold here during/in the winter BUT = We use in and not during when we want the time reference to sound more specific. So, for example, if we ate contrasting one period of time with another, we use én last saw you ia May, not July. ~ We use during when we want to stess the idea of duration, She felt miserable during the whole ofthat summer, ~ When the time reference isan activity rather than a time period, we use during ‘She didn't speak once daring the meal Practice 64 Complete the gaps with a suitable preposition of time. Paula and Jemma are friends. P: Jemma, how would you like to come round for a meal '.y,. Saturday? Jz Yes, that sounds a good idea, *......0 the evening, do you mean? P: Yes. coe about 8 o'clock if that’s O.K, J: Sure, that would be fine, The only thing is, I'l have to leave “.. about midnight because I've got to get up early *...... Sunday morning Be Thats all right, I don’t like staying up MUCH So... midnight anyway. J: No, neither do I. I stayed up”... three o'clock last Saturday and 1 felt terrible .». Sunday morning, P: So what were you doing ° three o'clock? Je Oh, Kirsty came down "..ssnsnuen the weekend, We actually got home seeensnne AbOU Ralf Past WEIVE "..rccevnu Saturday night but then we stayed up talking " another two and a half hours. P Oh, how is Kirsty? f haven't seen her ™....use YOUF Party last Yea J: Oh, she’s a bit fed up. She's just split up with Matthew . four years together. P: Oh, poor Kirsty. J: Yes, and they split up just * her exams started too. In fact, I think she had her first exam the next day. Isn't that awful? Anyway, I'll tell you BOUL it” nennnnons SaUTay. P: OK. I'll see you then. 169Semence smecee 65 Common prepositions of position and movement * (away) from/at/to a place. Use when the reason for being there is more important than the exact position. It may be inside or outside: PU meet you at the station. We walked from the station to the cinema, * out offin/in(to) a place. Use when the place is something with walls or boundaries: il wait for you in the car. Could you get in(to) the car? Can 1 get out of the car here, please? * off/on/on(to) a surface or line: We need some pictures an the wall Shall we take that picture off the wall? Do you think we should pur this on the wall? Note: We usually use on rather than onto, We use onto wlien we want to emphasize the ‘movement fom one place onto another {drove onto the motorway. (I drove off another road and onto the motorway.) 1 drove on the motorway. (That's where I drove./That’s how | got there.) Notes © arrive afin a place jet to/into a place get én (without place) in as an adverb: When does te train get in? + ona train, bus, plane 170Serene structure Practice 65 Complete the gaps with a preposition (or adverb) of position or movement. ‘Two friends, Polly and Maria, are talking, P: I didn’t see you '.2¢. the club last night. Where were you? Did you stay = home M: Yes, I thought it was time to stay...» for a change and, besides, [ didn’t feel very well. [just lay‘... bath reading for ages. I decided 1 ‘wasn’t going to get * . the bath until I'd finished the book. But then Rosie turned up the doorstep so I had to get to see her, P: So ate you feeling well enough to come out later on? M: I think so, Ps Well, I'm going round *......... Helen's at $.00 and we're going to take the train” Highbury » Richmond. So we should get Richmond by 6.00. Then we can walk ® the station” nn that nice cafe “ the riverbank. And if we see Charles there, he might invite us" .. his boat M: Oh, that would be nice, Ps Did he tell you about Kate pushing him last week? M: No. So, he fell the boat, did he? Ps Yes, and straight " the river. He was soaked, and pretty cold too. 66 Prepositions of time, position and movement Check 66 Complete the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverb of time or place. It was 8 o'clock '.2" a cold morning *... January. She was still asleep. She usually Stayed acer DE Serene AbOUt 9 O'clock * the winter, Suddenly she was woken up by a knocking at the door. She got : bed and went’ the door. There was a man : the doorstep. She thought she recognized him. “Hello Edna, he said. ‘l's Tom, Can 1 come ”.souneee ? And then she knew who it was but she didn't quite believe it, She hadn't seen him... thirty years, not "sossumnne the Summer of 1940 when she'd said goodbye to him the night mSerene structure 72 his final departure. That was when he went off war. Tt was tW0 Yeats "“osnsseens that when she received the letter". the War Office which said that Tom had been missing ™.. some time and was now presumed dead. She kept on hoping that they were wrong right up smn the end of the War. But then she gave up. ™... then, she'd continued to think of Tom every day. "vnc his birthday, she always stayed *.. home all day because she couldn’t bear to meet anybody, She'd met Tom * the age of sixteen and they'd had a ‘wonderful time together... the start of the war, She was nineteen when war broke out and they'd been together ® three years. They ‘were going to get married *... the war, She looked at his face. It was still the same face but with quite a few lines it and there was a bit less hair ® his head. He put his hand *... .- his pocket and took out a small photograph. It was one she'd sent him just his disappearance. It was a picture of her » a teenager ® the war. She held it... her hand and remembered back to those times. She felt rather hot and dizzy and thought that she might fall ® him to come ®.. vv the living-room and they sat down together to tell the floor at any moment. She asked their stories