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(341d, 344b).

Eros in Plato
Vassilis Kalfas
The article attempts to outline the Platonic conception of
Eros (physical love/sexual desire) as a philosophical notion. Whenever Eros is pictured in the Presocratic thought
(Hesiod, Parmenides, Empedocles), it personifies the power
or reason that puts in motion all elements of the universe.
Plato, however, will assign a different and radically new role
to Eros: being the most powerful and complex human desire, Eros functions as an unexpected inner ally to our
course to real philosophy. The erotic attraction begins as
an irrational passion, however it has the potential to be
transformed to a kind of divine mania that drives man to
the union with ideas. In the Symposium, both in Diotimas
speech and in Alcibiadess intervention, Eros is identified
with the philosopher, the friend (=philos) of wisdom
(=sophia), and with Socrates in particular. Also in Phaedrus, the privileged relation of Eros to Beautiful opens up
an earthly perspective towards ideas. Philosophy is defined as a live communication between souls, the soul of
the lover-teacher and the soul of the beloved-disciple. If
philosophy is a learning procedure that preconditions two
unequal poles, the teacher and the disciple, then the erotic conversation is the human activity closer to this ideal.
15