common conditions comprising COPD are chronic

bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic bronchitis is a condition with

chronic or recurrent excessive mucus secretion into the bronchial tree
with cough that is present on most days for at least 3 months of the
year for at least 2 consecutive years in a patient in whom other causes
of chronic cough have been excluded. 2 While chronic bronchitis is
defined in clinical terms, emphysema is defined in terms of anatomic
pathology. Emphysema classically was defined on histologic examination
at autopsy. Because this histologic definition is of limited clinical
value, emphysema also has been defined as abnormal permanent
enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied
by destruction of their walls yet without obvious fibrosis. 2
2 The new consensus guidelines have moved