Ethane (C2H6) is burned in 20 % excess air.

Assuming complete combustion, find

Air Fuel Ratio. The Pressure is 100 kPa.
Our Stiochiometric reaction will be
C2H6 + A( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) = X(CO2)+Y(H2O)+Z(N2)
By Carbon Balance

2=X

By Hydrogen Balance

3=Y

By Oxygen Balance A=X+0.5Y

so A = 2+1.5=3.5

By Nitrogen Balance 3.76A=Z

so

Z=13.16

Stiochiometric Reaction becomes

C2H6 + 3.5( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) = 2(CO2)+3(H2O)+13.16(N2)
For 20 % excess air it becomes 3.5(1.2)=4.2
C2H6 + 4.2( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) = 2(CO2)+3(H2O)+0.7O2+15.79(N2)
Mass of air =4.2(32+105.3)=576.67 kg
Mass of Fuel= 30 kg
AFR= 576.67/30 = 19.22 kg Air/kg Fuel

A certain natural gas has the following volumetric analysis:

CH4 : 72 % , H2 : 9 % , N2 : 14 % , O2 : 2 % and CO2 : 3 %.
Gas is burnt with Stiochiometric amount of air .Assuming complete combustion , find Air Fuel
Ratio
Lets take one KMol of the Gas for Combustion
(0.72 CH4 +0.09 H2 +0.14 N2+0.02 O2+0.03 CO2) + A( O2 +3.76 N2 ) =
Carbon Balance:

0.72+0.03=X

Hydrogen Balance:

0.72(2)+0.09=Y so Y=1.53

Oxygen Balance:

0.02 + 0.03 + A =X + 0.5Y

Nitrogen Balance:

0.14 +3.76A=Z

so X=0.75

so

so Z=5.648

A=1.465
and so Equation becomes

(0.72 CH4 +0.09 H2 +0.14 N2+0.02 O2+0.03 CO2) + 1.465( O2 +3.76 N2 )

=0.75(CO2)+1.53(H2O)+5.648(N2)
Mass of Fuel = (0.72*16)+(.09*2)+(0.14*28)+(0.02*32)+(0.03*44)
= 11.52+0.18+3.92+0.64+1.32 = 17.58 kg
Mass of Air = (1.465*32)+(1.465*3.76*28) = 46.88+154.24=201.12 kg
AFR =11.44 kg Air/Kg Fuel

X(CO2)+Y(H2O)+Z(N2)

Octane C8H18 is burnt in dry air and the volumetric analysis of the products are found to be
CO2 : 10.02 % , O2 : 5.62 % , CO : 0.88 % and N2 : 83.48 %
Find

AFR , and % of theoretical air used.

WE DO NOT KNOW HOW MUCH DRY AIR HAS BEEN USED FOR THE COMBUSTION SO we
analyse for obtaining 100 KMols of Products
X(C8H18 ) + Y(O2 + 3.76 N2 )=10.02(CO2)+5.62 ( O2)+ 0.88 (CO)+83.48 ( N2 )+b(H2O)
Nitrogen Balance

3.76Y=83.48

so Y=22.2

Carbon Balance

8X=10.02+0.88 so X=1.36

Hydrogen Balance

9X=b

Oxygen Balance

Y=10.02+5.62+0.44+0.5b

so b=12.24
Y=22.2 confirms earlier calculation Now

1.36(C8H18 ) + 22.2(O2 + 3.76 N2 )=10.02(CO2)+5.62 ( O2)+ 0.88 (CO)+83.48 ( N2 )+12.24(H2O)

Which for one KMol of Fuel becomes
(C8H18 ) + 16.32(O2 + 3.76 N2 )=7.37(CO2)+4.13 ( O2)+ 0.65 (CO)+61.38 ( N2 )+9(H2O)
Mass of Air = 16.32( 32+105.37)=2241.878 Kg
Mass of Fuel= ( 12X8 + 18X1)=114 Kg
AFR = 19.66 kg Air/kg Fuel
Stiochiometric Reaction will be
(C8H18 ) + A(O2 + 3.76 N2 )=X(CO2)+ Y(H2O)+Z ( N2 )
X=8

Y=9

A=X+0.5Y=12.5

so

AFR= 12.5(32+105.37)/114 = 15.06

So % Theoritical air is 19.66/15.06 = 1.305

= 103.5 %