Professional Documents
Culture Documents
M CMC Radiation Mobile Phone BK
M CMC Radiation Mobile Phone BK
Cover Design
Text Illustrations
Typesetting
:
:
:
:
ISBN 983-40889-0-9
Printed by Gains Print Sdn. Bhd.
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Contents
Acknowledgements
v
Foreword
vii
Introduction
ix
Eight Myths About Mobile Phones and Base Stations xi
What is radiation?
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iv
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10
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Ac knowledgements
vi
Foreword by
Y. Bhg. Tan Sri Dr. Mohamad Taha bin Arif
Director-General, Ministry of Health
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viii
Int ro d u c ti o n
ix
FACT
Nobody is really
investigating the
dangers.
xi
What is radiation?
Radiation is a form of energy on the move. Radiation is
electromagnetic in nature, i.e., it consists of waves of
electric and magnetic energy moving together through
space at the speed of light. We live in a radiation world
and are exposed to both natural and man-made radiation.
Every second of our life, we are exposed to all forms of
radiation such as ultraviolet light from the sun and radio
waves from radio and television broadcasts. When we go
for a chest x-ray examination, we are exposed to x-rays.
There are two types of radiation:
Ionizing radiation
It contains enough energy to cause ionization.
Ionization is a process by which electrons are stripped
from atoms and molecules. Its interaction with matter
can change chemical reactions in the body that leads
to damage in biological tissues including effects on
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X-rays
Ultraviolet
radiation
Ionizing Radiation
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Gamma rays
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20
10
18
10
16
10
Visible
light
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Infrared
radiation
Microwaves
100 MHz
Radiowaves
15-30 kHz
and 50-90 Hz
50 Hz
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10
8
10
6
10
4
Very low
frequency (VLF)
3000-30.000 Hz
Extremely low
frequency (ELF)
3-3000 Hz
Direct Current
Fig. 1
Non-ionizing Radiation
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10
10
2
10
50Hz
Frequency
Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz)
1 Hz = 1 cycle per second
kHz
MHz
GHz
=
=
=
Example:
Source:
Power line
Mobile phone
kilohertz
megahertz
gigahertz
=
=
=
1 cycle
1000 Hz
1000 000 Hz
1000 000 000 Hz
Frequency:
50 Hz
900 MHz
Fig. 2
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Additional Information/Links
INTERNATIONAL
World Health Organization (WHO) International EMF
Project
http://www.who.int/peh-emf/en/
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