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DidGraceHopperreallyinventtheterm'bug'

todescribesoftwareerrors?
DidGraceHopperreallyinventtheterm'bug'
todescribesoftwareerrors?
It'sanoftrepeatedtalethatthegranddameofmilitarycomputing,computer
scientistandU.S.NavyRearAdmiralGraceHopper,coinedthetermsbug
anddebugafteranincidentinvolvingHarvardUniversity'sMarkII
calculator.

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Thestorygoeslikethis:
OnSeptember9,1945,aHarvardtechnicalteamlookedatPanelFand
foundsomethingunusualbetweenpointsinRelay70.Itwasamoth,which
theypromptlyremovedandtapedinthelogbook.GraceHopperaddedthe
caption"Firstactualcaseofbugbeingfound,"andthat'sthefirsttime
anyoneusedthewordbugtodescribeacomputerglitch.Naturally,theterm
debuggingfollowed.
Yes,it'sanoftrepeatedtale,butit'sgotmorebugsinitthanRelay70
probablyeverhad.

Foronething,Harvard'sMarkIIcameonlineinsummerof1947,twoyears
afterthedateattributedtothisstory.Foranotherthing,youdon'tusealine
like"Firstactualcaseofbugbeingfound"ifthetermbugisn'talreadyin
commonuse.Thecommentdoesn'tmakesenseinthatcontext,exceptasan
exampleofengineerhumor.AndalthoughGraceHopperoftentalkedabout
themothintherelay,shedidnotmakethediscoveryorthelogentry.
ThecorefactsofthestoryaretrueincludingthedateofSeptember9and
timeof15:45hoursbutthat'snothowthismeaningofthewordbug
appearedinthedictionary.Inventorsandengineershadbeentalkingabout
bugsformorethanacenturybeforethemothintherelayincident.Even
ThomasEdisonusedtheword.Here'sanextractofaletterhewrotein1878
toTheodorePuskas,ascitedinTheYaleBookofQuotations(2006):
'Bugs'assuchlittlefaultsanddifficultiesarecalledshowthemselvesand
monthsofintensewatching,studyandlaborarerequisitebeforecommercial
successorfailureiscertainlyreached.

Wordnerdstracethewordbugtoanoldtermforamonsterit'sawordthat
hassurvivedinobscuretermslikebugabooandbugbearandinamangled
forminthewordboogeyman.Likegremlinsinmachinery,systembugsare
malicious.Anyonewhospendstimetryingtogetallthefaultsoutofa
systemknowshowitfeels:Afterafewhoursofdebugging,anyproblems
thatremainarehellspawn,mockingattemptstogetridofthemwitha
devilishglee.
Andthat'stherealoriginoftheterm"bug."Butwethinkthetaleofthemoth
intherelayisworthretellinganyway.

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