iu khin t xa hng ngoi dng PT2248 v PT2249

Mch thu pht hng ngoi l mch kh l ph bin m ta thng hay thy trong tivi hay cc thit
b iu khin t xa vi khong cch ngn. Sng hng ngoi dng trong y th n it b nhiu v
tn hiu n nh. thu pht hng ngoi n gin h hay dng con LM555 to mch pht vi
tn s (36 - 38KHZ) v 1 mch thu n gin! NHng m n ch c 1 knh duy nht nay ti
mun n thu pht vi nhiu knh vy phi dng 1 i PT2248 v PT2249.

1 ) Chun b linh kin.

+ 1 i PT2248 v PT2249 gi trn th trng (8K/i)
+ 1 dao ng thch anh tn s : 455KHZ gi khong (2.5k/con)
+ 1 LED pht hng ngoi ( Gi 1k/con)
+ 1 Module thu 3 chn (v st) ( 5K/con)
+ 1 con A1013 v 1 con 2N2222 ( Tng chi ph cho hai con ny l 2.5k)
+ Vi ci cng tc vi con tr v vi ci n LED hin th (Cao nht l 10K)

+ in p cung cp l 5V
2) Tng quan qua v h thng thu pht hng ngoi.
a) Khi nim tia hng ngoi.
nh sng hng ngoi (tia hng ngoi) l nh sng khng th nhn thy c bng mt thng ,
c bc sng khong t 0.86m n 0.98m . Tia hng ngoi c vn tc truyn bng vn tc nh
sng .
- Tia hng ngoi c th truyn i c nhiu knh tn hiu. N c ng dng rng ri trong
cng nghip.Lng thng tin c th t 3 mega bit /s .Lng thng tin c truyn i vi nh
sng hng ngoi ln gp nhiu ln so vi sng in t m ngi ta vn dng .
- Tia hng ngoi d b hp th , kh nng xuyn thu km . Trong iu khin t xa bng tia hng
ngoi , chm tia hng ngoi pht i hp , c hng , do khi thu phi ng hng
b) Nguyn tc thu pht hng ngoi.
* ) Nguyn tc pht tn hiu.
S khi ca mch pht.

+ Gii thch s .
- Khi chn chc nng v khi m ha : Khi ngi s dng bm vo cc phm chc nng pht
lnh yu cu ca mnh , m phm chc nng tng ng vi mt s thp phn . Mch m ha s
chuyn i thnh m nh phn tng ng di dng m lnh tn hiu s gm cc bt 0 v 1 . S
bit trong m lnh nh phn c th l 4 bit hay 8 bit ty theo s lng cc phm chc nng

nhiu hay t .
- Khi dao ng c iu kin : Khi nhn 1 phm chc nng th dng thi khi ng mch dao
ng to xung ng h , tn s xung ng h xc nh thi gian chun ca mi bit .
- Khi cht d liu v khi chuyn i song song ra ni tip : M nh phn ti mch m ha s
c cht a vo mch chuyn i d liu song song ra ni tip . Mch chuyn i d liu
song song ra ni tip c iu khin bi xung ng h v mch nh thi nhm m bo kt
thc ng lc vic chuyni s bit ca mt m lnh .
- Khi iu ch v pht FM : m lnh di dng ni tip s c a qua mch iu ch v pht
FM ghp m lnh vo sng mang c tn s 38Khz n 100Khz , nh sng mang cao tn tn
hiu c truyn i xa hn , ngha l tng c ly pht .
- Khi thit b pht : l mt LED hng ngoi . Khi m lnh c gi tr bit =1 th LED pht hng
ngoi trong khong thi gian T ca bit . Khi m lnh c gi tr bit=0 th LED khng sng .
Do bn thu khng nhn c tn hiu xem nh bit = 0 .
* Nguyn tc thu tn hiu.
S khi

- Khi thit b thu : Tia hng ngoi t phn pht c tip nhn bi LED thu hng ngoi hay cc
linh kin quang khc .
- Khi khuch i v Tch sng : trc tin khuch i tnh hiu nhn ri a qua mch tch
sng nhm trit tiu sng mang v tch ly d liu cn thit l m lnh .

- Khi chuyn i ni tip sang song song v Khi gii m : m lnh c a vo mch chuyn
i ni tip sang song song v a tip qua khi gii m ra thnh s thp phn tng ng di
dng mt xung kch ti ng ra tng ng kch m mch iu khin .
- Tn s sng mang cn c dng so pha vi tn s dao ng bn phn thu gip cho mch
thu pht hot ng ng b , m bo cho mch tch sng v mch chuyn i ni tip sang
song song hot ng chnh xc
3) Mch pht tn hiu hng ngoi.
S mch nguyn l.

+ PT2248 l con iu khin pht tn hiu hng ngoi vi u ra c 18 chc nng. Hiu n gin
l n pht c 18 knh vi m ha khc nhau. PT2248 lm vic c vi in p (2.2V - 5V)
v c ng dng nhiu trong cc thit b iu khin t xa vi khong cch ngn.
+Chn tn s dao ng : tn s sng mang mang m truyn l tn s thu c dovi mch m ha
sau khi tin hnh chia 12 ln i vi tn s dao ng ca b cng hng bng thch anh c
u bn ngoi . Cho nn mc n nh ca tn s ny ph thuc vo cht lng v quy cch
ca thch anh .Tn s dao ng ca mch pht thng l 400-500Khz . i vi mch pht trn
th nn chn tn s ca thch anh l 455Khz.(V con ny c ngoi th trng)
Tn s sng mang = Tn s dao ng / 12 = 455/12 = 38KHZ
+ Do u ra ca IC c dng rt b nn ta phi dng thm b khuych i tn hiu ca n ln nn
dng con A1013. Hay ta c th khuch i tn hiu dng mch Dalington cng c (h s

khuch i ln)
+ M ha cc phm c lp theo kiu ma trn. Ci ny c lp theo s trong datasheet!
4 ) Mch thu hng ngoi
S mch nguyn l

+ i vi modul mt thu trn th trng c 2 loi module mt thu tn hiu hng ngoi . Mt loi
v st v 1 loi v bng nha. Dng loi module ny chng c nhiu bn ngoi v thu c
tn hiu xung quang n. Cc xc nh chn rt n gin l

Nhn trn hnh nh th :

- Chn 1 l chn tn hiu out
- Chn 2 l chn GND
- Chn 3 l chn VCC
+ PT2249 l IC thu tn hiu t PT2248 v gii m tn hiu t PT2248 cho ra cc knh tng ng.
Vi 10 u ra ch nng tng ng vi 10 knh tn hiu. NHng m mch ny ti ch th
nghim vi nm knh nu mun cc pc c th lp thm! Ci ny cc pc xem theo datasheet.
Ch cn hiu n hot ng trong thn ca n lng nhng lm. Ni chung c lm cho n chy l
OK.
==> Chc cc pc lm mch thnh cng. Nu thnh cng th PM cho mnh nha.
Bi vit trn cng c tham kho 1 s ti liu v hng ngoi!

Sau y l mch lm test ca ti!