Circular Shapes
Formulas
Variables
C = Circumference
= 3.14
d = Diameter
A = Area
r = Radius
Engineering Formula Sheet
Electrical Systems
Formulas
V = IR
Variables
V = Voltage
Right Triangle Ratios
Formulas
Variables
I = Current
R = Resistance
= Angle
Simple Machines
Formulas
Variables
AMA = Actual Mechanical Advantage
FR = Resistance force
FE = Effort force
IMA = Ideal Mechanical Advantage
DR = Resistance Distance
DE = Effort Distance
LE = Length from fulcrum to effort
LR = Length from fulcrum to resistance
Wheel and Axle
Pulley IMA = Total number of strands
supporting the load
rw = Wheel radius
ra = Axle radius
Inclined Plane
L = Slope length
H = Height
Wedge
L = Base length
H = Height
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2010
Engineering Formula Sheet - Page 1
C = Circumference
1
TPI
Pitch = Screw pitch
TPI = Threads per inch
Properties of Materials
Formulas
Variables
= Stress
F = Axial force
Ao = Cross-sectional area
= Strain
= Deformation
Lo = Original length
E = Modulus of Elasticity
Fluids
Formulas
Variables
P = Pressure
F = Force
A = Area
V = Volume
Gear Ratios
Formulas
Variables
GR = Gear ratio
in = Driver gear, rpm
out = Driven gear, rpm
Nin = Number of teeth on driver
Nout = Number of teeth on driven
din = Diameter of driver
dout = Diameter of driven
in = Torque of driver, ft-lbs
out = Torque of driven, ft-lbs
Kinematics
Formulas
Variables
V 2i sin (2)
g
X = Range
Vi = Initial velocity
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Copyright 2010
Engineering Formula Sheet - Page 2
gx
sin ( 2 )
g = Acceleration due to gravity
= Initial trajectory angle from the horizontal
Vix = Initial horizontal velocity
Viy = Initial vertical velocity
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2010
Engineering Formula Sheet - Page 3
Statics
Formulas
Variables
M = Moment about a point
F = Force
d = Perpendicular distance
= Sum of
X = Force in x-direction
Y = Force in y-direction
CCW = Counter-clockwise moment
CW = Clockwise moment
J = Number of joints
M = Number of members
R = Number of reaction forces
Rectangular
Sections
Work and Power
Formulas
IXX = Moment of inertia about x-x axis
b = Base dimension
h = Height
Variables
W = Work
F = Force
D = Distance
P = Power
W = Work
t = Time
V = Volts
I = Current
P = Rate of heat transfer
Q = Energy transfer
t = Difference in time
k = Thermal conductivity
A = Area of thermal conductivity
L = Thickness
T = Difference in temperature
U = Thermal transmittance (U-factor)
R = Resistance to heat flow (R-value)
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2010
Engineering Formula Sheet - Page 4
