HowtodoaTwoWayANOVAinSPSS

InordertorunatwowayANOVAinSPSS,thedataneedtobearrangedacertainway.Eachsubjecthas
his/herownrow,withinformationaboutindependentvariablesanddependentvariablesinthecolumns.Todo
theexercisesonthefollowingpages,youwillneedtoopenanemptydataspreadsheetinSPSS.First,enterthe
valuesforthedependentvariableinonecolumn.Youcanlabelthiscolumnbyclickingonthetabatthebottom
ofthewindowlabeledvariableview.Thenclickbacktodataview.Inthesecondcolumn,enter
informationaboutthefirstIndependentVariable(thefirstfactor)byassigningnamesornumberstoeachlevel
(orgroup)andtypingtheappropriatelevelforeachparticipant(row)intheappropriateboxinthecolumn.
NextenterthesecondIndependentVariableinathirdcolumnbyassigningnamesornumberstoitslevelsand
enteringtheappropriatelevelintheappropriateboxforeachparticipant(row).
Dependingonwhichdatasetyouwereworkingwith,yourspreadsheetstartwithsomethinglikethefollowing:
subj
IV1
IV2
depv
1
Male
Exper
5
2
Male
Exper
5.5
3
Male
Control
6
4
Male
Control
4.7
5
Female
Exper
9
6
Female
Exper
6.2
7
Female
Control
5.3

Runningtheanalysis
RunningaTwoWayANOVA
WhenwerunaonewayANOVA,weusedaspecialmenucommandforthattypeofanalysis(asyou'llsee
below).ButsinceonecanhaveabroadrangeoffactorsinanANOVA,SPSShasamoregeneralmenu
commandthatallowsyoutodoallkindsofANOVAs(oneway,twoway,threeway,etc.).Clickon
ANALYZE>GENERALLINEARMODEL>UNIVARIATE,Thedependentboxisforthedependent
(continuous)variablethatyouwanttoanalyze.TheFixedfactorboxisforthesetoffactors(groups)you
wanttolookat.MovetheDVintotheDVbox,usingthelittlearrowbuttonbetweenthefieldsMovethe1stIV
intotheFixedfactorbox.Movethe2ndIVintotheFixedfactorbox.Clickokandyoullgetyourtwoway
ANOVAtable.Ifyouonlyputonefactorintothebox,youdgetaonewayANOVA.Ifyouputinthree
factors,youdgetathreewayANOVA.Yougetthepicture.
ComparingIndividualMeans
TogetSPSStoprintoutinformationaboutthemeansofthecells,clickontheOptionsbuttoninthe
univariatemodelwindow.Inthemenuthatopens,indicatethatyouwantSPSStodisplaythemeansforthe
twofactorsandtheirinteraction.Ifyouwanttorunmultiplecomparisontestsonthemeans,checkthe
comparemaineffectsboxandindicatewhattypeofmultiplecomparisonyouwant(LSD,Bonferroni,etc.).
Thenclickcontinuetogetbacktotheunivariatemodelwindow.Whenyouruntheanalysis,theinformation
aboutthemeanswillbeprintedbelowtheANOVAtable.
Graphinginstructions
TogetSPSStoprintoutagraphofthemeans,clickontheProfilePlotsbuttonintheunivariatemodel
window.Inthemenuthatopens,indicatethatyouwanttouseoneIVasthefirstgroupingvariableonthe
horizontalaxis.IndicatethatyouwanttousethesecondIVashesecondgroupingvariable,plottedasseparate
lines.Clickcontinueand,whenyourunyouranalysis,thegraphwillbeprintedbelowtheANOVAtable.
YoucancreateasecondgraphfromthesamedatabyswitchingwhichIVisonthehorizontalaxisandwhich
IVdeterminestheseparatelines.Remember,ifthetwo(ormore)linesareparallelthereisnointeraction
betweenthem(nointeractioneffect)theydonotneedtocrossovertohaveaninteraction.Thedifferent
(separate)linesrepresentthelevels/conditions/groupsofoneofyourIVs,whilethepointsontheXaxis
representthelevels/conditions/groupsoftheotherIV.

HERE'SATASK
Supposewetakechildrenatthreedifferentagelevels(3,4,and5years)andteachthemoneofthreedifferent
memorystrategies(S1,S2orS3).Thenwegivethemafreerecallmemorytestfor50items,withthefollowing
results:
3yearolds
S2
31
20
22
23
19

S1
11
18
26
15
14

S3
23
28
35
27
21

S1
23
30
18
28
23

4yearolds
S2
18
24
9
16
13

S3
28
21
30
30
23

5yearolds
S2
30
25
27
35
23

S1
25
30
28
40
20

S3
28
31
26
20
35

M
SD
(a)EnterthedataonSPSSandsavethefile.Calculatethemeansandstandarddeviations.
(b)RuntheappropriateanalysisusingSPSS.Writeintheresultsinthetablebelow.Asterixthosethatare
significantatthe5%significancelevel.Describeyourconclusionsinwords.
SourceofVbty
Between

SS

df

MS

age
strategy
age*strategy
Within
Total
(c)Drawtwodifferentgraphstoillustratetheresults(like,ahistogramandalinegraph).
(d)Whatdoyouconcludefromthestudy?

sig

AFUNNERTASK
GobacktotheClaudia.savdataset(andthedescriptionsofallthevariablesYouweregiven).
PART1
First,letstesttheassumptionaboutequivalentassignmenttogroups(lookingatthepremanipulationmeasure
ofperformance:perform1).
WhatistheH0?
WhatistheHa?
DrawaGRAPHBOXPLOTSIMPLEoftheperform1datawithfeedcodeonthecategoryaxis.How
doesitlook?AreYouconvincedthattherewerenoinitialdifferences?
HaveSPSSrunanANOVAforYou,thegroupmeansandvariances:
GototheANALYZEmenu,chooseCOMPAREMEANSMEANS,and,usingfeedcodeastheindependent
variable.Getsomedescriptivesofthegroupsonthepretestminimum,maximum,mean,medianviathe
Optionsbutton.DoYouthinktherearegroupdifferences?
PERFORM1scores
mean

smart

hardwork

none

variance
n
NowruntheANOVAgoingthroughANALYZECOMPAREMEANSONEWAYANOVA,using
"perform1'astheDVand'feedcode'astheIV.Fillinthistablewiththeresults:
Goto"Options"andcheckoffMeansplot.HitOKandOK.
Source
Between
treatments
Within
treatments
Total

SS

df

MS

Sowhatdoesthatmean,intermsofthehypothesisweweretesting?

PART2
Nowletstakealookatperformanceafterthemanipulation.ThevariableyoullbelookingatisPerform3.
WhatistheH0?
WhatistheHa?
RuntheANOVAagain.

Source
Between
treatments
Within
treatments
Total

SS

df

WhatisthesignificanceoftheFtest?

MS

Sowhatdoesthatmeaninthestatisticalsense?

Whatdoesitmeaninthepracticalapplicationsense?

PART3
Nowcreateavariablethatassessesthedifferencebetweenperformanceattime1andperformanceattime3.Do
thisthroughthetransformmenucomputeandputin"P31diff"asthetargetvariable.Forthenumeric
expression,typeinperform3perform1.Gothroughthesamesteps(boxplot,means,ANOVA)usingP31diff
asthedependentmeasure.
P31DIFFscores
mean

smart

hardwork

none

variance
n
WhatdoesthisvariabletellYou?

Source
Between
treatments
Within
treatments
Total

SS

WhatisthesignificanceoftheFtest?

df

Sowhatdoesthatmeaninthestatisticalsense?

Whatdoesitmeaninthepracticalapplicationsense?

MS

PART5
ThinkofwaystoanalyzethedatausingthetoolsYouvelearnedsofarinthisclass.Arethereanyhypotheses
Youwouldliketoinvestigate?Anypredictions?TryemoutandtelluswhatYoufind.