(GCE AS and A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Teacher’ Gute 63 Generic marking scheme for AS investigative work CCarfcation in itaes AimiPredietion () cy) o Cores identicaton of 2 variables fie. that which is actualy boing measure) (AL Linking 2 variables with direction 0 (Referonoa fo rate sen accepted fate sas ploted on he graph) Experimental Design (0) Var ® © @ © @ o bles Identified Independent variable oT (clea stated as such) Appropriate range of stated values and unis fr independ. vara m (Range usualy covers 5 values and each must be stated, ecaminers will, hat ook for thom tables of graphs. Implied statements are not sufictont fg, used 5 concentrations between 1 and 20 vl. Use of farms such as ‘land percontage as dorved uns of eancentrtion may’ misoading {and neads tobe consist, particular ifusing hydrogon paroxie Lin ‘ontext does Vor refer o volume used or concentration? Te relationship ‘fany duis dorved from an ongial stock sluion must be made clear fg, 2256 duton of the sock soluton rater than usta 2% auton). ‘Dependent variable wth units a (clarstatoment needed and appropite uns) 2 named controled variables relevant to task ‘wth appropriate values fo each (6.9. pH isnot suficlenta value such as pH 7 is needed. Referonco to room fomporatue is 0 Vague, a value must be given. Relevance fo ask ‘must bo considored eg. use of 37°C is only appropiate human enzymes ‘are aing used pH 7 not appropriate for pepsin) Explanation why repeat readings are needed 1 (c.g. reference to uncertainty in measurements of mean or confidence fn represontatve sampng) (alow reference to improvement in relity) ‘Suitable conto experiment oy Relerence to inactivating one feature e.g boling enzyme (°) Reason a8 to why there sno appropriate contol avalable 1)Results (R) (GCE AS and ABIOLOGY/ HUMAN SIOLOGY Teachers’ Gute 6¢ Reference fo same condtionsivokumes (1) Explanation of use of conto (1) 2troma (An appropriate contol or WP could bo boled tissue. For vestigations Involving the actly of an enzyme then the contol must be the ‘natvalion ofthe enzyme actvty by Boling and cooling not just ts ‘substtion by walter I there fs no appropriato contr then an explanation Of tho uso of exparmontal controls would access 2 mark. A contol ‘experiment cout be planned and deserbed but nat actual cared out) dentition ofthe main hazard forthe investigation canted out and description how one ofthese hazards may result in a isk of jury lus rnoemalaboratory procedure to minimise te risk described. a (The main hazard forthe actual investigation should bo described og. 'an experiment inves hydrogen peroxide then i would e expected that hydrogen perouise woul be the main hazard aor than something oe, Sch as hot water Actual using 3 pece of equipments the hazard rather than merely the presence of the equipment soit Namal abaratoy rosedures are required to minimise the risk rather than somo urusual Fomeoy which isnot ronal avaiable © toa gloves. No marks for ‘general laoratory rules} Recocing of suits @ w © o Corot column headings in table m ime must be quatiied ‘Avoroviate units in headings. not in body of table m Sufficient repeats or explanation fot feasible to do them m (Suffelont repeats usualy token as 203 butt may depend on rests {29 if hero is wide variation then more would be rcnmendod, but thro is no variation ten fewer ar appropiate). ‘Appropriate recording of resis ~ reflects uncertainty comriensurate wh, Instruments usedeaielaton of meaniate, a8 appropiate tt ‘Aporaprsteness depends onthe investgation e.g number of decimal points beng quoted. Use of minutes and seconds is ambiguous e.g. 2.25, ‘oul be 2 min 25 sec or 2 min and a quarter ofa minute. Seconds only ‘276 therefore clearer) Processing of daa ina sulable formate. graphs as appecpriat (the pubeatonBologcal Nomencature'l taken as definng good practic)© ® o 0 Analysis (A) © o @ © GCE AS and A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Tesehers' Guide 6S Comet axes labeled, 0 fom axes abetec sufeient use of ri a (At feast half of gd should bo uso). Comect units, both axes a ‘Suitable tear seal used on each axis including origin a {Linear scale must include a Ngur a the orn. lt may not sways be 0 ‘nd break nes are accoptale Fused appreviato). ‘Accurate plating of points (1 mark lost for each exon) a Sultable and accurate oning of points wth no extrapolation 1 fine of bas ft or point to pant hrough centres joined usig rey 3s ‘ppro9nat) Description of general tend shown by results "1 (rene must relat fo candidates own results.) ‘Comment made on te consstencysprea of resultspossble use of| range bars plus comment. i (Comment could be a rferonce fo overlapping range barsbut comment Imust match cata) (Glow: reference fo reabilty (but nt accuracy) Statement commenting on sources of uncetainyfacouracy of measurement nm (Refers 0 equipment used or could relat o procedure) two sutate suggestions for improvement a (imprevemants mus relate tothe experiment actualy beg cared ou hot reference fo mare repeats) Concise explanation of reults using relevant and sound Biological knowledge or comparison with theoretical expectations ifapproprite| 6 (Concise, coherent statements are needed) Majoty of relevant principles showing coherencelunderstaning (5) ‘Most principles, no coherence ® Some major rns en ° ‘Some major rncipes missing and some misunderstandizg @ Lite relevant information given ” [No elevan information, lafrmation misunderstood ©(GCE AS and A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Teachers Gude 65 (9 Using your biological knowedge and your results daw a sutable vai tonclution related fo your aim 1 (Tho conclusion is statement by the cancdato that pulls together Soba owl or am wih nr ress posh cut ee from thir osu, (@) Teacher signatueleomment on cover sheet about lvelo practical ski oun, possibly using data colectes compared to data callosted by feacher or heoreteal expectation, 282 guide 0 Further work (F) Pan an investigation using a ferent independent variable (An increased range ofthe previous nvesbgaion Is ot scceptable. A detailed mothe i ful {snot required) @ Independent variable 0 (©) Two appropiate convoled variables each plus values @ (One of unicn must be diferent rom those previously use, One of he controled varables could Ge the varableprovoushy invesigate) (©) Suggest the expected resus ofthis investigation "1 (The expected resulls could include a sketch graph) Total 38 marks Microscopy Candidates are required to submit 1 drawing ony, selected from those completed tiroughout the cours: {Only ono drawing s required. Examiners wil not slec om multiple drawings submited) Quality (@) Clean, single, sharp, complete ines and no shading rindvdual ces (2) Proportion (P) Two measurements marked on drawing, across diferent tssue layers, wah values in eye piece unis. 1 Drawing the comect proportions fal issues “1 (Canccsatos are rquited o clude 2 tines on the drawing, measured in ey pice units ‘which wi bo measured and used to jadge proportion. The end of theses must accrsty Imark the edge whore te layer was measured. One Ine may ba azrass the whol specimen ‘and one aorass a issue layer A key to expla the meaning ofthe abbreviadon ‘pu fs Tonuted used, and te ines should provera terminate in short ends’ atightangtes fo the main fin, although smal ots are accoptabl. The nes should be on the ranng and hot alongside, Labo ine without an arrowhead are prefereble. Endotnelum should be Shown ae te Hines) Labeling (L)_ The correct entcaton ofall main issueststructures by Unsmigaous lnbeing k (2 marks are awarded the majony of sppreprat labels are presen, 1 mark if some Sre missing} "Note: The drawing should nce an indication ofthe magnifeatlon wsed'o observe the Speemen and atl ingicating the specimen beng cboarved ‘Total 6 marksGeneric ma GCE AS and A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Teachers Gute 57 ng scheme for A2 investigative work Marks in bold type are extra to those requiod for AS, (Ctarication in tates AlmPredietion (P) @ » Correct identification of 2 vatables {fa that whichis actualy being measured 1] Linking 2 variables with ection 0 (Reference to rate Is only accepted irae also plotted on the graph) Experimental Design (0) \Veriabes identitod: ) } © © © Independent variable 0 (clea stated a suet) Appropriate range of stated values and units fr independent variable 0 (Range usualy covers 5 values and each must be state, examiners wil hot e0k or them in ables or graphs. Implied statements cre not sufficient (2g, |used 5 concentrations between 1 and 20 va Use of forms such as ‘Vol and peroontago' as derived units of concentration may be misleading. The relationship of any diane derived fram an original ‘lock sltion must be made cleareg. a 2% duo ofthe stock solution Father than just 92% dlluton). Dependent variable with units "1 [ote ststement cede ard prise its) 2 named controled variables relevant task 1 ‘wth appropiate values foreach, a (69. pis not suficen,a value such as pH 7 is needed. Reference to ‘oom fomperature i oo vague, a value must bo given. Relevance fo ask ‘must bo considered ag. use of 37°C is only appropriate human ‘onzymos are being used pH 7 i not appropriate for pep) ‘Explanation why epeat readings are needed “1 (619, erence to uncertanty in measurementuse of mean or confidence ln representative semping) (allow reference to impraverent in iby)@ Results (R) (6CE AS and A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Techors Gude 68 Sutable conto experiment ea Reference to inactivating one featree.9. boing en2yme(1) Reason as to why theres no appropriate contol avaiable (1) Reference o same condtonsivolumes (1) planation of use of onto (). 2homs (For nvesigations invoking the activity ofan enzyme ton the corel Inust be the inactivation ofthe enzyme act by blirg and cooling hot just fs subsitudon by water A contro expenment could be planned and deserved but no actualy cared out) |dentifeaton ofthe maln hazard fo the investigation cared out and ‘recommended, bt if there is no variation tran fewer av aperopvit). Appropriate recering of resus reflects uncertainty commensurate ‘nh netruments veedalculation of meaniat, a8 appropriate. (2) (Aporopriatences depends onthe nvigation e.g. rumbor of decir ‘points boing quota. Use of mines and seconds ie 3bigUOUS 6.9 2.25 could bo 2 min 25 soe or 2 min and a quarter of amine, Therefore a sensible approach in context is needed. ina suitable formate. graphs as appropriate: {the publeation ‘logical Nomenclature’ aken as defining good practic}.Analys “ @ © 0 @ 0 o © @ © o (GCE AS ond & BIOLOGY HUMAN BIOLOGY Tescnor’Guse 68 CComect axes labelled " {oth axes abeod, sufelent use of ge m [Atleast ha of rd shouldbe use. Correct units, both axes m ‘Suitable tnear scale used on each axis including origin iO (Linear scale must nude a Bou a the origin Mt may 0 always be and break nes are acceptable used appropri) ‘Accurate ploting of points (1 mark ost fo each error) i ‘Suitable and accurate joining of points with no extrapolition (1), fine of bast for point to pat (Brough centres joined using rue) as 2pprepite) DDescition of rend shown by resus a (tend must rate fo candate’s own result) ‘Comment made onthe consistency of ests 0 (alow: reference treaty (but not accuracy) Comments on uso or suitabityoferor bars " (@g-70f overlap of ror bars but must match data) ‘Statement commenting on sources of uncertainylaccuracy of measurement [1] {could relate to equipment or procedure) “Two sulable suggestions fr improvement 2 {improvements must refate fo tho oxperiment actualy being cared buf not reference fo mere repeals) Concise explanation of results using relevant and soured © biological knowedge or comparison with teoretel fexpactatons¥ appropriate (cancie coherent statomonts required) Majority of relevant principles showing ‘coherencalundertanding © Most principles, ited coherence © ‘Some mor principles given, no coherence “ ‘Some mjrpencipes missing and some smsundesstanding a (Or3 maxi AS lve interpretation) Lite relevant information given @ "No relevant formato, trited under toning 0@ OF guide Further work (F) (GCE AS and A BIOLOGY HUMAN BIOLOGY Tester’ Gute 70 Using your blological knowledge and your resus draw ‘sutable vad conclusion related to your am. a (out intude gues frm ther resus) ‘Accurate conclusion using al relevant information ° (de. reference fo predcton, krowiedge, resus) Conclusion reached using some relevant information 2 ‘naporopiate canelusion or ne relavant information used 0 ‘Teacher signature! comment on cover shoet about lve of practical kl shown, possibly using data collected compared {o data calecte by isachor or thooretical expectation, 36 8 1 Plan an investigation using a ferent independent variable (An increased range ofthe previous Invesijaton Is not acceptable. A detailed method in fil (snot required!) « © o Independent variable 1 “Two appropriate controlled variables each pus values a (One of nich must be diferent from dose previously weed. ‘One ofthe controled variables could be the variable proviously Invesigated) ‘Suggest the expected rosut ofthis investigation 2 (The expected resus could include a sketch graph) Total 44 marks(GCE AS and A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Teacher Gute 71 Modification of 8Y6 criteria for feld work exporimentsistatistics Many points are common wth the A2 mark scheme above 30 common Interpretation apgles. ‘im ection P) (2) conctidontfcationafvariabies (1) (0) vaibis nko ith crocton « Experimental design (0) (@) Independent variable stated o (Cleat stated as such) (©) eter () ge range with § sample values. oF (2) feamparison state the single ference and give vaties 0 (Values may be approximate, as tho results have yet Detaken) (©) Dependent variable wth units. w (Clear statement needed and appropriate units Explanation of ack of Uns so Be gven f dependent vanable Isa calulated valu, such ‘3 Disneys, Simpson's or Lincoln index.) (6) Controle variables. () Twat the most important should be named, with approximate values stated for each (Amount acceptable in relation To trampling )(1) (®) Explanation offact that these variables cannot bo Contoled but are manitored o entre they ae close tough to nave no eft on depenert varia o (©) Explanation vty repeat readings are needed tH (eg, reference fo uncertanty in measurementuso of m ‘confidence i epresentabve sarmpng. repeats not posse. in fesing a corelaon or measuring at ses along a rive, discussion Iecded of tea of cntrbtion of the umber o pais of reels) (alow: reference to mprovementinretabity)Results () Recording @ @ ® © @ (GCE AS and & BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Teachers Gusto 72 Suitable contol experiment eB Reference to inactivating one feature e.g boling enzyme o Reason as to why there sno appropriate contol avaible (1) Reference to same conationsvolumes (1) Explanation of use of conta (1) 2trom4 (For vestigations voting the acti of an enzyme ten the control ‘must bo the nacvation o the enzyme activ by olirg and cooling fot just fs subsituton by water A corel expanment could be planned and deserted but not actualy cared out) entiation ofthe main hazard forthe Investgation cae out and desenpton how one ofthese hazards may resut ark of uy lus hota laboratory procedure to minimise te isk descrbed. [1] (The main hazard forthe actual investigation shoul be described “Actually using a place of equipment isthe hazard rather than merely the presence ofthe equipment tsa. Normal laboratory procedures fr requires to minimise the risk rather than some unl remedy tiniah snot normaly avalable. No marks for genera lboraory rls) correct colin headings in table 0 ‘pproprate units in headings, notin body of table 0 sufsent repeats of dependent variable or explanation not feasiba todo them 0 Appropriate recording of results — reflects uncertainty commensurate “th instruments used 1 (Appropriateness depends onthe instigation e.g. nunber of decimal ‘pants boing quoted Use of minutes and seconds is anbiguous 2.25 could bo 2 min 25 soc or2 min and a quartar ofa minut. Therefore a sonsible approach in conta is neodod. calculation (as appropriate mean rate) 0(Graph or Satistios ceanh Statistics o Analysis (A) @ o o O} o o © @ o 0 o « ® © @ © (GCE AS ond A BIOLOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Tashor” Guise 73 corect axes labeled 0 (hath axes labeled) sufcont use of it (Atioast half of gr shoul be used. o correct units on both axes 0 stable linear scale on each 2, including origin Oy {Linear scalo must inlude a figure atthe ong. may nt always be O and break ine are acceptable fused appropraty) accurate poting of points or bars in bar chart (-t pera) (2) ‘sutable and accurate line o explanation that none aperopite ‘correlation is beng testes {in of bos or pot fo pint as appropiate) (1) ‘explanation why tis test has been chosen 0 rll hypothesis o correct calculation of tet statsic ag. a ‘numberof degrees of freedom vel of signicance Confidence hts quoted 0 statement of eres value lower or higher than eaeulated value (1) acceptor rect nal hrypatasis a 0.05 lvel of sniteance (1) ‘description oftrend shown by graph explanation of ‘meaning of states o (tons must relate fo candidate's own resus) commentin relation sample size feonsstency of suits (1), (Glow reference to reibaty [but not accuracy) commentiexplanation on uso or suitably in elation to fangeleror bars / standard deviation eter bar overlap 0 (comment mast mach dat) statement on sourea of uncertantylacouracy in clan to {equipment procodure /use of level of significance o two suitable improvements e.g. nexease in sample size, Choies of quadrat area rol prevously tested @ {must ela fo experiment actualy being cared out)(GCE AS and A BI0LOGY/ HUMAN BIOLOGY Tescers Gude 74 (9 Concise explanation of resus using relevant and sound o iological knowedge {conaisecohorent statements needed) Majonty of relevant principles showing conerencelunderstandng (6) Most principles, ited coherence 6 ‘Some major principles given, ne coherence “ ‘Some major pxncples missing and some ‘misunderstanding @) (orMax 31 AS level interpretation) Lite relevant intrmation given @ \No relevant information, ited understanding 0 (9) Using your bologieal knowledge and your resus draw {2 sultable valid conclusion eat to your am 1 (could include tures trom ther results) ‘Accurate conclusion using ll relevant information ° (le. reference fo prediction, krowtedge, resis) Conclusion reached using some relevant information a Inappropriate conclusion or no relevant infrmation used 0 (©) Teacher signturetcomment on cover sheet about lve ‘of practcalskil shown, poss using data collected ‘Compared fo data colected by tacher or theoretical ‘expectaton, 28a guide " Further work (F) Plan an investigation using a diferent independent variable {Am increased range o the previous Investigation Is not acceptable; detailed method inf hot roquired) oy Independent variable 1 (©) Two appropiate controled variables each plus values a (One of which must be diferent rom thos previously sed: ‘one ofthe controled variables could be the vaiablo roviousy investigated) (0) Expected resus ofthis invasion a (expected results could inclucse a latelled sketch graph) Total 44 marks