Giao Trinh Lap Trinh Wed Nhat Nghe 5qfxRRWo8I 20140211033115 65671 PDF

Lu hnh ni b
MC LC
Chng 1. C bn ngn ng C# ............................................................................................ 1
I. Gii thiu ngn ng C# 2008 ...................................................................................... 1
II. Mi trng lp trnh ..................................................................................................... 2
III. Bin, hng, ton t ....................................................................................................... 3
IV. Quy c lp trnh, ng dng Console Application trong Visual Studio 2008............. 5
V. Kiu d liu ................................................................................................................. 9
VI. Cu trc iu khin .................................................................................................... 10
VII. Cu trc lp ................................................................................................................ 12
Chng 2. Xy dng Windows Forms Application ........................................................... 15
I. S dng Visual Studio 2008 ...................................................................................... 15
II. Cc control c bn: Label, TextBox, Button, CheckBox, .................................... 18
III. Menu v ToolBar ....................................................................................................... 30
IV. Common Dialog......................................................................................................... 30
Chng 3. Array String Exception ............................................................................... 34
I. Mng 1 chiu ............................................................................................................. 34
II. Mng nhiu chiu....................................................................................................... 37
III. String .......................................................................................................................... 40
IV. Exception ................................................................................................................... 45
Chng 4. Class Object - Method .................................................................................... 47
I. Khi nim ................................................................................................................... 47
II. nh ngha lp (Class) ............................................................................................... 47
III. Phng thc (Method) ............................................................................................... 50
Chng 5. SQL Server 2008 ................................................................................................ 54
I. Tng quan v SQL ..................................................................................................... 54
II. Tng quan v CSDL quan h ..................................................................................... 55
III. Table (Bng) .............................................................................................................. 58
IV. Cu lnh truy vn ....................................................................................................... 66
V. Mt s hm thng dng trong SQL Server ............................................................. 70
Chng 6. Lp trnh kt ni CSDL SQL Server 2008 ...................................................... 72
I. To kt ni Vn chuyn d liu. ............................................................................ 72
II. S dng control .......................................................................................................... 73
III. Cc thao tc trn d liu: Thm - Sa - Xa vi ADO.NET ..................................... 78
Chng 7. Xy dng ng dng............................................................................................ 85
I. Chun b. .................................................................................................................... 85
II. S dng control .......................................................................................................... 85
III. S dng database ....................................................................................................... 88
Lu hnh ni b
Chng 1: C BN NGN NG C#
Bi 1: GII THIU C# 2008
I. Gii thiu C#
Ngn ng C# kh n gin, ch khong hn 80 t kha v hn mi my kiu d liu
c dng sn. Tuy nhin, ngn ng C# c ngha to ln khi n thc thi nhng khi nim
lp trnh hin i. C# bao gm tt c nhng h tr cho cu trc, thnh phn component, lp
trnh hng i tng. Nhng tnh cht hin din trong mt ngn ng lp trnh hin i.
Hn na ngn ng C# c xy dng trn nn tng hai ngn ng mnh nht l C++ v Java.
Tm li, C# c cc c trng sau y:
- C# l ngn ng n gin
- C# l ngn ng hin i
- C# l ngn ng hng i tng
- C# l ngn ng mnh m v mm do
- C# l ngn ng hng module
- C# s tr nn ph bin
1. C# l ngn ng n gin
- C# loi b c mt vi s phc tp v ri rm ca cc ngn ng C++ v Java.
- C# kh ging C / C++ v din mo, c php, biu thc, ton t.
- Cc chc nng ca C# c ly trc tip t ngn ng C / C++ nhng c ci tin
lm cho ngn ng n gin hn.
2. C# l ngn ng hin i
C# c c nhng c tnh ca ngn ng hin i nh:
- X l ngoi l
- Thu gom b nh t ng
- C nhng kiu d liu m rng
- Bo mt m ngun
3. C# l ngn ng hng i tng
C# h tr tt c nhng c tnh ca ngn ng hng i tng l:
- S ng gi (encapsulation)
- S k tha (inheritance)
- a hnh (polymorphism)
4. C# l ngn ng mnh m v mm do
- Vi ngn ng C#, chng ta ch b gii hn chnh bn thn ca chng ta. Ngn ng ny
khng t ra nhng rng buc ln nhng vic c th lm.
- C# c s dng cho nhiu d n khc nhau nh: to ra ng dng x l vn bn, ng
dng ha, x l bng tnh; thm ch to ra nhng trnh bin dch cho cc ngn ng khc.
- C# l ngn ng s dng gii hn nhng t kha. Phn ln cc t kha dng m t
thng tin, nhng khng g th m C# km phn mnh m. Chng ta c th tm thy rng ngn
ng ny c th c s dng lm bt c nhim v no.
5. C# l ngn ng hng module
- M ngun ca C# c vit trong Class (lp). Nhng Class ny cha cc Method
(phng thc) thnh vin ca n.
- Class (lp) v cc Method (phng thc) thnh vin ca n c th c s dng li
trong nhng ng dng hay chng trnh khc.
6. C# s tr nn ph bin
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 1
C# mang n sc mnh ca C++ cng vi s d dng ca ngn ng Visual Basic.

II. Mi trng lp trnh
1. S dng Notepad son tho
Bc 1: Son tho tp tin v lu vi tn C:\ChaoMung.cs c ni dung nh sau
class ChaoMung
{
static void Main()
{
// Xuat ra man hinh chuoi thong bao 'Chao mung ban den voi C# 2008 '
System.Console.WriteLine("Chao mung ban den voi C# 2008 ") ;
System.Console.ReadLine() ;
}
}
Bc 2: Vo menu Start | All Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 | Visual
Studio Tools | Visual Studio 2008 Command Prompt
Bc 3:
- G lnh bin dch tp tin ChaoMung.cs sang tp tin ChaoMung.exe
C:\> csc /t:exe /out:chaomung.exe chaomung.cs
- Chy tp tin ChaoMung.exe v c kt qu nh sau :
C:\> chaomung.exe
Chao mung ban den voi C# 2008
2. S dng Micosoft Visual Studio 2008 to chng trnh
Bc 1: Khi ng Visual Studio 2008
Start | All Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
Bc 2: Vo menu File | New | Project
Bc 3: Khai bo
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* Mc nh: Visual Studio 2008 (Visual Studio .NET) s to ra tp tin Program.cs

cha mt namespace tn ChaoMung v trong namespace ny cha mt
class tn Program.
Bc 4: trong phng thc Main, g on m lnh sau
* V d:
System.Console.WriteLine("Chao mung ban den voi C# 2008 ") ;
System.Console.ReadLine() ;
Bc 5: chy chng trnh, nhn F5 hoc nhp vo nt
III. Bin, hng, ton t
1. Bin
a) Khi nim:
- Bin l mt vng lu tr ng vi mt kiu d liu.
- Bin c th c gn gi tr v cng c th thay i gi tr trong khi thc hin cc lnh
ca chng trnh.
b) Khai bo bin: Sau khi khai bo bin phi gn gi tr cho bin
<Kiu_D_Liu> <tn_bin> [ = <gi_tr> ] ;
c) V d 1.1: Khi to v gn gi tr mt bin
class Bien
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao va khoi tao bien
int bien = 9 ;
System.Console.WriteLine("Sau khi khoi tao: bien = {0}", bien) ;
// Gan gia tri cho bien
bien = 5 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
System.Console.WriteLine("Sau khi gan: bien = {0}", bien) ;
}
}
2. Hng
a) Khi nim:
- Hng cng l mt bin nhng gi tr ca hng khng thay i trong khi thc hin cc
lnh ca chng trnh.
- Hng c phn lm 3 loi:
+ Gi tr hng (literal)
+ Biu tng hng (symbolic constants)
+ Kiu lit k (enumerations)
b) Gi tr hng:
V d: x = 100; // 100 c gi l gi tr hng
c) Biu tng hng: gn mt tn hng cho mt gi tr hng.
Khai bo:
<const> <Kiu_D_Liu> <tn_hng> = <gi_tr> ;
V d 1.2: Nhp vo bn knh, in ra chu vi v din tch hnh trn.
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class HinhTron
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao bieu tuong hang
const double PI = 3.14159 ;
// Khai bao bien
int bankinh ;
double chuvi , dientich ;
string chuoi ;
// Nhap gia tri cho bien chuoi
System.Console.Write("Nhap ban kinh hinh tron: ") ;
chuoi = System.Console.ReadLine() ;
// Doi chuoi thanh so va gan vao bien so
bankinh = System.Convert.ToInt32(chuoi) ;
// Gan gia tri cho bien
chuvi = 2 * bankinh * PI ;
dientich = bankinh * bankinh * PI ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
System.Console.WriteLine("Chu vi hinh tron = {0:0.00}", chuvi) ;
System.Console.WriteLine("Dien tich hinh tron = {0:0.00}", dientich) ;
}
}
d) Kiu lit k: l tp hp cc tn hng c gi tr s khng thay i (danh sch lit k)
Khai bo:
<enum> <Tn_Kiu_Lit_K>
{
<tn_hng_1> = <gi_tr_s_1>,
<tn_hng_2> = <gi_tr_s_2>,
... ,
};
V d:
enum NhietDoNuoc
{
DoDong = 0, DoNguoi = 20,
DoAm = 40, DoNong = 60,
DoSoi = 100,
};
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Ton t
Ton t ton hc: + , - , * , / , %
Ton t tng / gim: += , -= , *= , /= , %=
Ton t tng / gim 1 n v: ++ , -Ton t gn: =
Ton t quan h: == , != , > , >= , < , <=
Ton t logic: ! , && , ||
Ton t 3 ngi: (iu_Kin) ? (Biu_Thc_1) : (Biu_Thc_2) ;
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IV. Quy tc lp trnh, ng dng Console Application

1. Quy tc lp trnh
Khi to mt chng trnh trong C#, chng ta nn thc hin theo cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Xc nh mc tiu ca chng trnh
Bc 2: Xc nh nhng phng php gii quyt vn
Bc 3: To mt chng trnh gii quyt vn
Bc 4: Thc thi chng trnh xem kt qu
2. ng dng Console Application
L ng dng giao tip vi ngi dng thng qua bn phm v khng c giao din ngi
dng (UI).
V d 1.3:
using System;
class ChaoMung
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Chao mung ban den voi C# 2008 ") ;
Console.ReadLine() ;
}
}
* Phn B sung
1. Namespace
- .NET cung cp mt th vin cc class rt s, trong Console l mt class nh trong
th vin cc class ny.
- Mi class c mt tn ring, v vy ngi lp trnh khng th no nh ht tn cc class
trong .NET. gii quyt vn ny l vic to ra mt namespace, namespace s hn ch
phm vi ca mt tn, lm cho tn ny ch c ngha trong vng nh ngha.
2. T kha using
- khng phi vit namespace cho tng i tng, ta dng t kha using.
- Ta c th dng dng lnh sau u chng trnh:
using System ;
Khi , thay v vit y System.Console. ta ch cn vit Console.
3. T kha static
T kha static ch ra rng hm Main() c th c gi m khng cn phi to i tng
ChaoMung.
4. T kha this
T kha this dng tham chiu n th hin hin hnh ca i tng.
5. Ch thch (Comment)
- Mt chng trnh c vit tt th cn phi c ch thch cc on m lnh c vit.
- Mc ch chnh l lm cho on m lnh ngun r rng v d hiu.
- C 2 loi ch thch:
+ Ch thch mt dng: //
+ Ch thch nhiu dng: /* */
6. Phn bit ch thng v ch hoa
C# l ngn ng phn bit ch thng vi ch hoa.
Lu hnh ni b
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7. Ton t '. '

Ton t '. ' c s dng truy cp n phng thc hay d liu trong mt class v
ngn cch gia tn class n mt namespace.
V d: System.Console.WriteLine()
namespace
class
phng thc
8. Cu lnh (statement)
Mt ch dn lp trnh y c gi l mt cu lnh.
V d: int bankinh = 5 ; // mt cu lnh
chuvi = 2 * bankinh * PI ; // mt cu lnh khc
9. Kiu chui k t
Kiu chui k t l mt mng cc k t.
a) Khai bo chui hng:
string <Tn_chui_hng> = <"Noi dung chuoi hang"> ;
V d: string tentuong = "Nhat Nghe" ;
b) Khai bo bin kiu chui:
string <Bin_chui> [= "Noi dung chuoi hang"] ;
V d: string hoten = "Nguyen Van Teo" ;
c) Nhp chui:
<Bin_chui> = System.Console.ReadLine() ;
V d: hoten = System.Console.ReadLine() ;
d) Xut chui:
System.Console.WriteLine("Chuoi") ;
V d: System.Console.WriteLine("Do dai cua chuoi la:") ;
e) Mt s thao tc trn chui:
Phng thc
ngha
Length
Chiu di ca chui
Substring() Ly chui con
ToLower()
Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch thng
ToUpper()
Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch IN HOA
V d 1.4: Nhp vo h v tn, in ra mn hnh h tn bng ch IN HOA, ch thng,
di ca h v tn.
using System ;
class HoTen
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao bien
string hoten ;
// Nhap gia tri cho bien chuoi
Console.Write("Nhap Ho va Ten: ") ;
hoten = Console.ReadLine() ;
// Thao tac tren chuoi
string HT = hoten.ToUpper() ;
string ht = hoten.ToLower() ;
int dodai = hoten.Length ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
Console.WriteLine("Ho va Ten (chu IN HOA): {0}", HT) ;
Console.WriteLine("Ho va Ten (chu thuong): {0}", ht) ;
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Console.WriteLine("Do dai Ho va Ten la: {0}",dodai) ;

}
}
10. Bng lit k cc t kha ca ngn ng C# 2008
abstract
event
new
struct
as
explicit
null
switch
base
extern
object
this
bool
false
operator
throw
break
finally
out
true
byte
fixed
override
try
case
float
params
typeof
catch
for
private
unit
Char
foreach
protected
ulong
checked
goto
public
unchecked
Class
if
readonly
unsafe
Const
implicit
ref
ushort
continue
in
return
using
decimal
interface
sbyte
virtual
default
internal
sealed
volatile
delegate
is
short
void
do
lock
sizeof
while
double
long
stackalloc
else
namespace
static
enum
string
from
get
group
into
join
let
orderby
partial (type)
partial (method)
select
set
value
where (generic type constraint)
where (query clause)
yield
Bi tp
1. Vit chng trnh nhp vo 1 s nguyn n. Cho bit:
a) n l s chn hay s l ?
b) n l s m hay s khng m ?
2. Vit chng trnh nhp vo 2 s thc dng ch chiu di v chiu rng ca hnh ch
nht. In ra mn hnh chu vi v din tch ca hnh ch nht .
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3. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s thc dng ch cnh ca mt hnh vung. Tnh din
tch v chu vi ca hnh vung .
4. Vit chng trnh nhp vo h tn (HoTen), im ton (Toan), im l (Ly), im ho
(Hoa) ca mt hc sinh. In ra mn hnh h tn ca hc sinh di dng ch IN HOA v
im trung bnh (Dtb) ca hc sinh ny theo cng thc: Dtb = (Toan + Ly + Hoa) / 3
5. Vit chng trnh nhp bc lng (BacLuong), ngy cng (NgayCong), ph cp
(PhuCap). Tnh tin lnh (TienLanh) = BacLuong * 650000 * NCTL + PhuCap
Vi: NCTL = NgayCong nu NgayCong < 25
= (NgayCong 25) * 2 + 25 nu NgayCong >= 25
--- oOo ---
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Bi 2: (tip theo)
KIU D LIU CU TRC IU KHIN CU TRC LP
V. Kiu d liu
C# chia kiu d liu thnh hai tp hp kiu d liu chnh:
- Kiu xy dng sn (built-in): do ngn ng cung cp cho ngi lp trnh.
- Kiu do ngi dng nh ngha (user-defined): do ngi lp trnh to ra.
1. Kiu d liu dng sn
Kiu C#
byte
char
bool
sbyte
short
ushort
int
S byte
1
2
1
1
2
2
4
Kiu .NET
Byte
Char
Boolean
Sbyte
Int16
Uint16
Int32
uint
float
4
4
Uint32
Single
double
Double
decimal
Decimal
long
Int64
ulong
Uint64
M t
S nguyn dng khng du t 0 n 255
K t Unicode
Gi tr logic true / false
S nguyn c du t -128 n 127
S nguyn c du t -32768 n 32767
S nguyn dng khng du t 0 n 65535
S nguyn c du t -2.147.483.647 n
2.147.483.647
S nguyn khng du t 0 n 4.294.967.295
Kiu du chm ng, gi tr xp x t
-3.4E-38 n 3.4E+38, vi 7 ch s c ngha
Kiu du chm ng c chnh xc gp
i, gi tr xp x t -1.7E-308 n
1.7E+308, vi 15, 16 ch s c ngha
C chnh xc n 28 con s v gi tr thp
phn, c dng trong tnh ton ti chnh,
kiu ny i hi phi c hu t m hay M
Kiu s nguyn c du c gi tr trong
khong -9.223.370.036.854.775.808 n
9.223.372.036.854.775.807
S nguyn khng du t 0 n
0xfffffffffffffff
* Bng trnh by cc k t c bit

K t
\'
\"
\\
\0
\a
\b
\f
\n
\r
\t
\v
Lu hnh ni b
ngha
Du nhy n
Du nhy kp
Du cho
K t null
Alert
Backspace
Sang trang form feed
Dng mi
u dng
Tab ngang
Tab dc
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2. Chuyn i kiu d liu

V d a:
short x = 10 ;
int y = x ; // chuyn i ngm nh
V d b:
short x ;
int y = 100 ;
x = (short) y ; // p kiu tng minh, trnh bin dch khng bo li
V d c:
short x ;
int y = 100 ;
x = y ; // khng bin dch, li
VI. Cu trc iu khin
1. Cu lnh if else
a) C php:
if (iu_Kin)
<Khi lnh iu_Kin ng>
[else
<Khi lnh iu_Kin sai>]
b) V d 2.1: Dng cu lnh iu kin if else
using System;
class Chan_Le
{
static void Main()
{
int bienDem = 9 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
if (bienDem % 2 == 0)
Console.WriteLine("{0} la so chan", bienDem) ;
else
Console.WriteLine("{0} la so le", bienDem) ;
}
}
2. Cu lnh if lng nhau
a. C php:
if (iu_Kin_1)
<Khi lnh 1>
else if (iu_Kin_2)
<Khi lnh 2.1>
else
<Khi lnh 2.2>
b. V d 2.2:
using System;
class Thu_Trong_Tuan
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{
static void Main()
{
int thu = 5 ; // 0: Chu nhat, 1: Thu hai, 2: Thu ba, 3: Thu tu,
// 4: Thu nam, 5: Thu sau, 6: Thu bay
// Xuat ra man hinh
if ((thu == 1) || (thu == 3) || (thu == 5))
Console.WriteLine("Day la ngay 2-4-6") ;
else if ((thu == 2) || (thu == 4) || (thu == 6))
Console.WriteLine("Day la ngay 3-5-7") ;
else Console.WriteLine("Day la ngay chu nhat") ;
}
}
3. Cu lnh switch
a. C php:
switch (Biu_Thc)
{
case <gi_tr_1>:
< Khi lnh 1>
<Lnh Nhy>
case <gi_tr_2>:
< Khi lnh 2>
<Lnh Nhy>
.
[default:
< Khi lnh khc>]
}
b. V d 2.3:
using System;
class Thu
{
static void Main()
{
int thu = 5 ; // 0: Chu nhat, 1: Thu hai, 2: Thu ba, 3: Thu tu,
// 4: Thu nam, 5: Thu sau, 6: Thu bay
// Xuat ra man hinh
switch (thu)
{
case 0:
Console.WriteLine("Chu nhat") ;
break;
case 1:
Console.WriteLine("Thu hai") ;
break;
case 2:
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Console.WriteLine("Thu ba") ;
break;
case 3:
Console.WriteLine("Thu tu") ;
break;
case 4:
Console.WriteLine("Thu nam") ;
break;
case 5:
Console.WriteLine("Thu sau") ;
break;
case 6:
Console.WriteLine("Thu bay") ;
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Khong phai la thu trong tuan") ;
break;
}
}
}
VII. Cu trc lp
1. Lnh lp while
a. C php:
while (iu_Kin)
< Khi lnh>
b. V d 2.4:
using System;
class UsingWhile
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao va khoi tao bien dem
int i = 1 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
while (i<=10) {
Console.WriteLine("i = {0}",i) ;
i++ ; // tang bien dem,
}
}
}
2. Lnh lp do while
a. C php:
do
< Khi lnh>
while (iu_Kin) ;
Lu hnh ni b
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b. V d 2.5:
using System;
class UsingDoWhile
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao va khoi tao bien dem
int i = 1 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
do {
Console.WriteLine("i = {0}",i) ;
i++ ; // tang bien dem
} while (i<= 10) ;
}
}
3. Lnh lp for
a. C php:
for ([Khi_to] ; [iu_kin] ; [Bc_lp])
< Khi lnh>
b. V d 2.6:
using System;
class UsingFor
{
static void Main()
{
for (int i=1 ; i<=30 ; i++)
if (i % 10 ==0)
Console.Write("{0} \n\r",i) ;
else
Console.Write("{0} ",i) ;
}
}
4. Lnh lp foreach
a. C php:
foreach (<Kiu_tp_hp> <Tn_truy_cp_thnh_phn> in <Tn_tp_hp>)
< Khi lnh>
b. V d 2.7:
using System;
public class UsingForeach
{
public static void Main()
{
int[] intArray = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
foreach (int item in intArray)
Console.WriteLine("i = {0} ",item) ;
}
}
Lu hnh ni b
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Bi tp
1. Vit chng trnh nhp vo 3 s nguyn. In ra mn hnh s nguyn nh nht trong 3 s
.
2. Vit chng trnh nhp vo h tn, im thi cui k ca mt hc sinh. In ra h tn hc
sinh bng ch IN HOA, v kt qu xp loi ca hc sinh theo tiu chun sau:
- Gii: Nu im kt qu >= 8
- Kh: Nu 8 > im >= 6.5
- Trung bnh: Nu 6.5 > im >= 5
- Yu: Nu im < 5
3. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc 1: bx + c = 0
4. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc 2: ax2 + bx + c = 0
5. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn cho n khi nhn c s nguyn dng th
dng.
6. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn n. Cho bit s nguyn n c phi l s nguyn
t khng ?
7. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn dng n ch nm dng lch. Cho bit n c
phi l nm nhun khng ?
8. Vit chng trnh nhp vo s nguyn dng n. In ra mn hnh kt qu ca cc tng sau:
a) S1 = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n
b) S2 = 1 +
1 1
1
+ + ... +
2 3
n
9. Vit chng trnh nhp vo s nguyn dng n. In ra mn hnh:

a) Cc s nguyn dng t 1 n n
b) Tng v trung bnh cng ca n s nguyn dng ny.
--- oOo ---
Lu hnh ni b
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Chng 2: XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

Bi 3: XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION
I. S dng Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
1. Khi ng
Bc 1: Khi ng Visual Studio 2008
Start | All Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
Bc 2: Vo menu File | New | Project
Bc 3: Khai bo
M hp ToolBox: Menu View | ToolBox cha cc control

M ca s Properties: Menu View | Properties cha thuc tnh
M ca s Solution Explorer: Menu View | Solution Explorer ca s Project
xut hin.
Bc 4: Thit k Form Vit code
Thit k form: Nhp vo
Vit code: Nhp vo
View Designer (trong ca s Solution Explorer)

View Code (trong ca s Solution Explorer)
Bc 5: chy chng trnh, nhn F5 hoc nhp vo nt

dng chng trnh, nhn Shift + F5 hoc nhp vo nt
* Cc thao tc vi Project / Solution
a. To Project
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 15
C1. Vo menu File | New | Project

C2. Ctrl + Shift + N
C3. Chn cng c New Project trn thanh Standart
b. M Project / Solution:
C1. Vo menu File | Open | Project / Solution
C2. Ctrl + Shift + O
c. Lu Project / Solution
C1. Vo menu File | Save All
C2. Chn cng c Save All trn thanh Standart
d. ng Solution: Vo menu File | Close Solution
2. Mn hnh giao din ca Windows Forms
a. Ca s thit k Form (Designer):
b. Ca s thit vit code:
* Cc thao tc vi Form
a. Thm mt Form mi vo Project:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 16
b1. C1. Vo menu Project | Add New Item

C2. Chn cng c Add New Item trn thanh Standart
b2. Khai bo
+ Categories: chn Windows Forms
+ Templates: chn Windows Form
+ Name: t tn Form
b3. Nhp Add
b. Thm mt Form c sn vo Project:
b1. Vo menu Project | Add Existing Item
b2. Chn Form
b3. Nhp Add
c. Xa b mt Form ang c trong Project:
b1. Chn Form cn g b ( ca s Solution Explorer)
b2. Vo menu Edit | Delete
d. Lu Form
- Vo menu File | Save Form.cs
- Ctrl + S
* Ghi ch
- Ta em b vo form cc i tng nh: Label, TextBox, Button,
+ Label, TextBox, Button, c gi l control hay cn gi l component.
+ Form c gi l control cha.
- Khi thay i ni dung ca Label, TextBox, Button, ta thay i vo Text. Text c
gi l Property ca control.
3. Control l g?
- Control l lp (class) cc thnh phn c thm vo Windows Forms tng tc gia
ngi s dng vi Windows.
- C rt nhiu loi control trong Windows Forms nh: Label, TextBox, ListBox,
ComboBox, Button,
- Cc control s dng trn Windows Forms dng namespace System.Windows.Forms.
4. Properties (thuc tnh) ca control
- Properties l nhng thng tin m ta c th thay i ni dung, cch trnh by ca
ngi thit k ng dng vo control.
- Mi lp (class) c nhiu property khc nhau. Tuy nhin, vn c mt s property ging
nhau c xy dng t lp ban u.
* Bng trnh by cc thuc tnh (Properties) ging nhau
Thuc tnh
Anchor
BackColor
Bottom
Dock
Enabled
Lu hnh ni b
M t
C 4 hng c nh ngha l: top, bottom, left, right c nh (neo).
Khi control cha n thay i kch thc th n s b thay i kch thc
nu nu cc hng left / right / top / bottom b c nh (neo).
Mu nn ca control.
L khong cch theo chiu dc t cnh y ca control n cnh trn
ca control cha n.
Ging nh Anchor nhng vic c nh (neo) ny theo mt cnh no
ca control (hoc c 4 cnh) vi control cha n.
Control c php tng tc (True) hay khng c php tng tc
(False)) vi ngi dng.
Trang 17
ForeColor
Height
Left
Name
Parent
Right
TabIndex
TabStop
Tag
Text
Top
Visible
Width
Mu ch ca control.
L chiu cao ca control tnh t cnh trn ca control n cnh di ca
control.
L khong cch theo chiu ngang t cnh tri ca control n cnh tri
ca control cha n.
Tn ca control.
Ch n control cha control hin hnh.
L khong cch theo chiu ngang t cnh phi ca control n cnh tri
ca control cha n.
Th t focus khi nhn phm Tab (trn bn phm) ca control so vi cc
control khc cng nm trong control cha n.
Ch nh control c c php bt (True) / khng c php bt
(False) phm Tab. Nu khng c php th TabIndex cng khng dng
c.
L nhn phn bit gia cc control ging nhau trong cng form.
Ni dung hin trong control.
L khong cch theo chiu dc t cnh trn ca control n cnh trn
ca control cha n.
Cho php control hin (True) / khng hin (False) khi chy ng dng.
L chiu rng ca control tnh t cnh tri ca control n cnh phi ca
control.
* Bng trnh by cc phng thc (Method) x l trn chui

Phng thc
Clear()
ResetText()
Trim()
M t
Xa ni dung
Xa ni dung Text
Ct b khong trng tha hai bn chui
II. Cc control c bn
1. Label (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Hin th chui k t khng thay i trn form (nhn).
b. To Label:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Label trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
AutoSize
iu chnh kch thc i tng cho va vi chiu di chui k t
Font
Name
Quy nh font ch cho vn bn
Bold
True: m / False: b m
Italic
True: nghing / False: b nghing
Size
Quy nh c ch cho vn bn
Underline True: gch di / False: b gch di
TextAlign
Canh l (Left / Center / Right)
2. TextBox (
Lu hnh ni b
)
Trang 18
a. Cng dng:
- Dng trnh by vn bn v cho php ngi dng c thay i ni dung vn bn.
- Cng dng chnh l cho ngi dng nhp vn bn.
b. To TextBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v TextBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
PasswordChar Quy nh k t hin th cho mt khu.
Multiline
True: hin thanh cun / False: khng hin thanh cun
ScrollBars
Thanh cun (None / Horizontal / Vertical / Both)
3. Button (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Dng thc thi lnh.
- Khi nhp chut ln button, chng trnh nhn c tn hiu Click v lnh c thi hnh.
b. To Button:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Button trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
Text
Nhp ni dung vo Button
4. CheckBox (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Cho php ngi dng chn hoc khng chn.
b. To CheckBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v CheckBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
Checked
Khng c du check (False) / C du check (True)
V d 3.1:
* Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application, lu vi tn l Vi Du 3.1 nh sau:
* Yu cu:
- Nhp:
+ Username vo TextBox Tn ng nhp (Name: txtUser)
+ Password vo TextBox Mt khu (Name: txtPass)
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 19
- Chn hoc khng chn CheckBox Ghi nh (Name: chkNho)

- Nhp button ng nhp th hin ra hp thng bo cha Tn ng nhp, Mt khu; V
Bn c ghi nh (nu chkNho c nh du chn).
- Nhp button Xa th xa trng TextBox Tn ng nhp v TextBox Mt khu, ng
thi di chuyn con tr vo txtUser.
- Nhp button Dng th dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn:
- Thit k Form nh yu cu, trong form c cc thuc tnh sau:
+ AutoSize: True
+ Font: Times New Roman
+ Size: 12
+ Text: Form ng Nhp
+ Icon: logo.ico
- Nhp p vo button ng nhp, thm on code sau:
string thongbao;
thongbao = "Tn ng nhp l: " ;
thongbao += this.txtUser.Text ;
thongbao += "\n\rMt khu l: " ;
thongbao += this.txtPass.Text;
if (this.chkNho.Checked==true) {
thongbao += "\n\rBn c ghi nh.";
}
MessageBox.Show(thongbao,"Thng bo");
- Nhp p vo button Xa, thm on code sau:
this.txtUser.Clear();
this.txtPass.Clear();
this.txtUser.Focus();
- Nhp p vo button Dng, thm on code sau:
Application.Exit();
+ C th thay button Xa bng button Reset vi on code nh sau:
this.txtUser.ResetText();
this.txtPass.ResetText();
* Phn B sung:
1. MessageBox.Show: hin hp thng bo
MessageBox.Show("Thng bo" , "Tiu ");
MessageBox.Show("Thng bo", "Tiu ", Buttons, Icon);
+ Buttons (nt lnh):
MessageBoxButtons.OK
MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel
MessageBoxButtons.YesNo
MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel
+ Icon (biu tng):
MessageBoxIcon.Information
MessageBoxIcon.Question
MessageBoxIcon.Warning
+ DialogResult (kt qu tr v):
DialogResult.Ok
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 20
DialogResult.Yes
2. Dng chng trnh:
this.Close();
Application.Exit();
3. Event (s kin) l g?
- S kin l nhng phn ng ca i tng. Ni cch khc, s kin l nhng tn hiu pht
ra khi ngi dng thao tc trn i tng.
- Nh c event, ngi lp trnh s nhn c nhng tn hiu v x l nhng tn hiu
phn hi li cho ngi dng, to nn s nhp nhng cho chng trnh.
4. Bng trnh by cc s kin (Events) ca control
S kin
Click
M t
Gi n khi control b Click. Trong mt vi control, event ny cng xy
ra khi ngi dng nhn phm Enter.
DoubleClick Gi n khi control b Double-Click. Trong mt vi control, event ny
khng bo gi c gi. V d: control Button.
DragDrop
Gi n khi vic Drag and Drop c hon tt.
DragEnter
Gi n khi i tng va c Drag n bin ca control.
DragLeave
Gi n khi i tng va c Drag ra ngoi bin ca control.
DragOver
Gi n khi i tng c Drag bn trong control.
KeyDown
Gi n khi va bm mt phm bt k t 1 control ang focus.
S kin ny lun c gi trc s kin KeyUp.
KeyPress
Gi n khi va bm mt phm bt k t 1 control c focus.
S kin ny c gi sau s kin KeyUp.
KeyUp
Gi n khi va bm mt phm bt k ri th ra t 1 control ang focus.
S kin ny lun c gi sau s kin KeyDown.
GotFocus
Gi n khi control c focus.
LostFocus
Gi n khi control b mt focus.
MouseDown Gi n khi con tr chut nm trn 1 control v nt chut c nhp
nhng cha th ra.
MouseMove Gi n khi con tr chut i qua 1 control.
MouseUp
Gi n khi con tr chut nm trn 1 control v nt chut va c th.
Paint
Gi n khi control c v.
Validated
Gi n khi control focus, property CaucesValidation c t l true
v sau khi gi vic kim tra bng Validating.
Validating
Gi n khi control mt focus, property CaucesValidation c t l
true.
V d 3.2:
* Ci tin Vi Du 3.1 cho button Dng nh sau:
- Khi nhp vo button Dng th xut hin hp thoi hi p c 2 button Ok, Cancel.
- Chng trnh ch dng khi nhp tip vo nt Ok.
* Hng dn: Sa li button Dng nh sau
DialogResult traloi;
traloi = MessageBox.Show("Chc khng?", "Tr li",
MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Question);
if ( traloi == DialogResult.OK) Application.Exit();
V d 3.3:
* Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application, lu vi tn l Vi Du 3.3 gm:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 21
- Form1: c thit k nh sau
- Form2: c thit k nh sau
(txtUser, txtPass, btnDangnhap, btnThoat)

* Yu cu:
- Khi chy chng trnh th Form2 (ng nhp h thng) c m ln trc.
- Nhp:
+ Tn ngi dng vo TextBox txtUser
+ Mt khu vo TextBox txtPass
- Nhp button ng nhp th thc hin kim tra
+ Nu txtUser = "teonv" v txtPass = "123" th chuyn sang Form1.
+ Ngc li th thng bo "Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt khu !!!"
- Nhp button Thot th hin th thng bo "Chc khng? "
+ Nu chn Yes th kt thc chng trnh.
+ Ngc li th tr li mn hnh ng nhp h thng.
* Hng dn:
- Form1
. Thit k Form nh yu cu, trong form c cc thuc tnh sau:
+ AutoSize: True
+ Size: 12
+ Text: Mn hnh chnh
+ Icon: star.ico
. Form load:
Form frm = new Form2();
frm.ShowDialog();
- Form2
. Thit k Form nh yu cu, trong form c cc thuc tnh sau:
+ AutoSize: True
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 22
+ Size: 12
+ Text: ng nhp h thng
+ Icon: logo.ico
. ng nhp: Nhp p vo button btnDangnhap, g vo on code sau
if ((this.txtUser.Text=="teonv")&&(this.txtPass.Text=="123"))
this.Close();
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt
khu !!!","Thng bo");
}
. Thot: Nhp p vo button btnThoat, g vo on code sau
if ( traloi == DialogResult.OK)
Application.Exit();
Bi tp
1. - Thit k form nh mu.
(txtsSo1, txtSo2, txtKQ, btnCong, btnTru, btnNhan, btnChia, btnXoa)

- Vit chng trnh lm cc php ton: cng, tr, nhn, chia cho cc button btnCong,
btnTru, btnNhan, btnChia.
- Xa: Xa trng cc TextBox.
- Thm vo button Dng (btnDung), khi nhp vo btnDung th dng chng trnh.
- Ci tin:
Khi nhp button btnChia, nu txtSo2 l 0 th xut hin hp thng bo li ri xa trng
txtSo2 v di chuyn con tr n TextBox ny.
2. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc nht: bx + c = 0
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 23
(txtB, txtC, btnGiai, txtKQ)

- Thm vo button Dng, khi nhp vo button ny th dng chng trnh.
3. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc hai: ax2 + bx + c = 0
4. Vit chng trnh nhp vo: h tn (txtHoTen), n (chkNu), im vn (txtVan), im
ton (txtToan), im ngoi ng (txtNN).
- Nhp vo nt Tnh (btnTinh) th in ra im thp nht (txtDTN), im kt qu (txtDKQ),
xp loi (txtXL). Bit rng:
+ im thp nht: txtDTN l im thp nht trong 3 im: vn, ton, ngoi ng.
+ im thm: DThem = 0.5 nu l n; DThem = 0 nu l nam.
+ im kt qu: txtKQ = txtVan * 2 + txtToan * 2 + txtNN + DThem
+ Xp loi theo tiu chun:
. Gii: nu txtKQ >= 40 v txtDTN >= 7
. Kh: nu txtKQ >=35 v txtDTN >= 6
. Trung bnh: nu txtKQ >= 25 v txtDTN >= 5
. Yu: cc trng hp cn li
- Nhp vo nt Xa (btnXoa) th xa ht cc ni dung trong cc TextBox.
- Thm vo button Dng, khi nhp vo button ny th dng chng trnh.
5. Vit chng trnh to mt ng dng gm:
- Form1: Mn hnh chnh c 5 button: Bi tp 1 (btnBT1), Bi tp 2 (btnBT2), Bi tp 3
(btnBT3), Bi tp 4 (btnBT4), Thot (btnThoat).
+ Khi nhp vo Button Bi Tp 1: m Form2
- Form2: thc hin bi tp 1. B sung Button Tr v ng Form2.
--- oOo ---
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 24
Bi 4: (tip theo) XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

5. ListBox (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Dng hin th mt danh sch cc la chn.
b. To ListBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v ListBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
Items
Cc mc gi tr trong ListBox
SelectedItem
Item c chn
Phng thc M t
Add("chui")
Thm mt mc gi tr l "chui"
ToString()
Tr v chui k t c chn
* Nhp gi tr vo ListBox: <Ten_ListBox>.Items.Add ("Chui") ;
* Ly gi tr trong ListBox: <Ten_ListBox>.SelectedItem.ToString() ;
V d 4.1:
* Yu cu:
- ListBox lstWeb (Lin kt website) cha cc gi tr:
+ Tui tr
+ Thanh nin
+ VNExpress
+ Dn tr
+ Cng an
- TextBox txtKQ (cha kt qu) trng.
- Nhp button btnOk (Ok) s hin trong txtKQ tn website c chn lstWeb.
- Nhp button btnReset (Reset) s xa trng txtKQ.
* Hng dn:
+ AutoSize: True
+ Size: 12
+ Text: FormWebLinks
- Nhp p vo button Ok ri thm on code sau:
this.txtKQ.Text = "Bn chn website ";
this.txtKQ.Text += this.lstWeb.SelectedItem.ToString();
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 25
- Nhp p vo button Reset ri thm on code sau:

this.txtKQ.ResetText();
* Ci tin: Ta c th a cc gi tr ca lstWeb trong Form1_Load.
+ Thit k li form nh sau
+ Nhp p chut vo nn form, ri g on code

this.lstWeb.Items.Add("Tui tr");
this.lstWeb.Items.Add("Thanh nin");
this.lstWeb.Items.Add("VNExpress");
this.lstWeb.Items.Add("Dn tr");
this.lstWeb.Items.Add("Cng an");
this.lstWeb.SelectedItem = "Tui tr";
6. ComboBox (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Dng hin th mt danh sch cc la chn / hoc nhp vo mt gi tr.
b. To ComboBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v ComboBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
DisplayMember Gn ni dung th hin trn ComboBox
Items
Lit k cc mc gi tr trong ComboBox
SelectedItem
Ly Item c chn
SelectedText
Ly ni dung th hin trn ComboBox t DisplayMember
SelectedValue
Ly gi tr t ValueMember
ValueMember
Gn gi tr cho ComboBox
V d 4.2:
* Yu cu:
Thc hin ging nh V d 4.1,
nhng thay ListBox bng ComboBox
cbWeb.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 26
7. RadioButton (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Dng chn mt trong cc la chn trong danh sch.
b. To RadioButton:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v RadioButton trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
Checked
Khng c du chn (False) / C du chn (True)
8. GroupBox (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra mt nhm.
b. GroupBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v GroupBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
BackgroundImage
Hnh nn
BackgroundImageLayout None / Tile / Center / Stretch / Zoom
V d 4.3:
* Yu cu:
- Nhp h v tn vo TextBox txtHoTen
- Chn kiu ch
+ Radio Button (rad1): ch thng
+ Radio Button (rad2): ch HOA
- Nhp vo Button Kt qu (btnKQ) s in h v tn bng kiu ch c chn trong
TextBox txtKQ.
- Nhp vo Button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng txtHoTen, txtKQ, rad1 c chn v a
con tr vo TextBox txtHoTen.
* Hng dn:
+ AutoSize: True
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 27
+ Size: 12
+ Text: i kiu ch
- Nhp p vo nt Kt qu ri thm on code sau:
string hoten=this.txtHoTen.Text.Trim();
if (this.rad1.Checked == true)
txtKQ.Text = hoten.ToLower();
if (this.rad2.Checked == true)
txtKQ.Text = hoten.ToUpper();
- Nhp p vo nt Xa ri thm on code sau:
this.txtHoTen.Clear();
this.txtKQ.Clear();
this.rad1.Checked = true;
this.txtHoTen.Focus();
* B sung:
- Nhp vo Button Dng (btnDung) s dng chng trnh: thit k v vit code sau
Application.Exit();
9. Timer (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Quy nh khong thi gian nh k thc hin mt cng vic.
b. To Timer:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Timer l control dng unvisible (n).
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
Enabled
Bt / tt ch hn thi gian
Interval
Khong thi gian nh k
V d 4.4:
* Yu cu:
- To Timer1 c Enabled = false; Interval = 1000
- Khi to bin m i = 20
- Button Bt u (btnBatDau): dng bt ch hn thi gian.
- Button Dng (btnDung): dng dng chng trnh.
- Timer1: m ngc t 20 n 1 v xut ra dng ch Ht gi.
+ Xut gi tr bin m i ra Label lblDongHo.
+ Gim bin i xung 1 n v.
+ Khi bin m i < 0 th tt ch hn gi v xut Ht gi! ra Label lblDongHo.
* Hng dn:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 28
+ AutoSize: True
+ Size: 12
+ Text: ng h m ngc
- Khai bo bin m i: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau:
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
int i = 10;
- Nhp p vo nt Bt u ri thm on code sau:
this.timer1.Enabled = true;
- Nhp p vo nt Dng ri thm on code sau:
Application.Exit();
- Nhp p vo nt Timer1 (Timer1_Tick) ri thm on code sau:
this.lblDongHo.Text = i.ToString();
i--;
if (i < 0)
this.timer1.Enabled = false;
10. RichTextBox (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Dng nhp vn bn vi nh dng vn bn a dng.
b. To RichTextBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v RichTextBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
ReadOnly
Khng cho son tho, ch c.
11. Panel (
)
a. Cng dng:
- Bng cha cc control hay mt nhm cc control.
b. To Panel:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Panel.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
AutoScroll
T ng cun nu s control nm ngoi vng
BorderStyle
None / FixedSingle / Fixed3D
12. PictureBox (
a. Cng dng:
- Khung cha hnh nh.
b. To PictureBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v PictureBox.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh
M t
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 29
Image
Hnh cha trong PictureBox
13. ErrorProvider (
)
a. Cng dng:
- H tr thng bo li cho cc control khc.
- Thng c dng vi control input (v d: TextBox) rng buc vi 1 iu kin nhp
no .
b. To ErrorProvider:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v ErrorProvider l control dng unvisible (n).
III. Menu v ToolBar
1. MenuStrip (
a. Cng dng:
- To menu.
b. To MenuStrip:
- Nhp p vo control
- Nhp menu.
2. ToolStrip (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra toolbar.
b. To ToolStrip:
.
)
- Chn cng c
- Ko control ToolStrip vo trong form.
- Bm vo ToolStrip va to, ta c th to ra cc tool (cng c) nh: Label, TextBox,
Button, ComboBox, DropDownButton.
V d 4.5:
* To ng dngWindows Forms Application nh hnh.
* Hng dn: dng RichTextBox, MenuStrip v ToolStrip.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 30
IV. Common Dialog (Hp thoi dng chung)

1. FontDialog (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Font.
b. To FontDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
2. OpenFileDialog (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Open File.
b. To OpenFileDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
3. SaveFileDialog (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Save File.
b. To SaveFileDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
4. PrintPreviewDialog (
a. Cng dng:
- Xem trc khi in.
b. To SaveFileDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
5. PrintDialog (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Print File.
b. To PrintDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
6. FolderBrowserDialog (
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Browser.
b. To FolderBrowserDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 31
Bi tp
1. Vit chng trnh to dng ch xut hin ln lt tng k t, c ni dung nh sau:
( lblChucMung, Timer1, btnDungChay, btnThoat)

- Button Dng/Chy c nhim v khng cho / cho Timer hot ng v i ni dung
(Text) ca button btnDungChay t Dng sang Chy hoc ngc li.
- Button Thot dng dng chng trnh.
2. Vit chng trnh to form Bm bay (trong phm vi form) nh sau:
* Hng dn:
S dng: timer, PictureBox, Button v 2 file hnh BFClose.ico, BFOpen.ico
3. Vit chng trnh nhp hai s nguyn dng n v m. Tnh theo yu cu chn nh sau:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 32
(txtN, txtM, rad1, rad2, txtKQ, btnTinh, btnXoa, btnThoat)

- Button Tnh (btnTinh): tnh ton v xut kt qu ra TextBox txtKQ.
- Button Xa: xa trng tt c cc TextBox, a con tr vo txtN.
- Button Thot: dng chng trnh.
4. T V D 4.5, to v b sung thm cc cng c CommonDialog c ng dng dng
giao din n vn bn (Single-Document Interface SDI).
5. Pht trin bi tp 4, c th m cng lc nhiu ca s - dng giao din a vn bn
(Multi-Document Interface MDI)
-- oOo --
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Chng 3: ARRAY - STRING - EXCEPTION

Bi 5: ARRAY (MNG)
I. Mng 1 chiu
1. nh ngha
- Mng l mt tp hp c th t ca nhng i tng (objects), tt c cc i tng ny
c cng mt kiu d liu.
- Mng trong ngn ng C# s dng nhng phng thc v cc thuc tnh. Th hin ca
mng trong C# c th truy cp nhng phng thc v cc thuc tnh ca System.Array.
- Mt s cc thuc tnh v phng thc ca lp System.Array:
Thnh vin
M t
Sort()
Phng thc sp xp gi tr tng dn trong mng mt chiu
Reverse()
Phng thc sp xp gi tr gim dn trong mng mt chiu
Length
Thuc tnh chiu di ca mng
SetValue()
Phng thc thit lp gi tr cho mt thnh phn xc nh trong mng
2. Khai bo mng:
<kiu d liu>[] <tn mng> ;
V d:
int[] myIntArray ;
To th hin ca mng: s dng t kha new
V d:
myIntArray = new int[5] ;
3. Khi to thnh phn ca mng
- To th hin ca mng ng thi vi khi to cc gi tr:
+ Cch 1:
int[] myIntArray = new int[5] {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
+ Cch 2:
int[] myIntArray = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
- Cc khai bo trn s thit lp bn trong b nh mt mng cha 5 s nguyn.
Ch : Khng th thit lp li kch thc cho mng.
4. Gi tr mc nh:
- Khi chng ta to mt mng c kiu d liu gi tr, mi thnh phn s cha gi tr mc
nh ca kiu d liu.
V d:
Vi khai bo int myIntArray = new int[5] ; th:
- Mi thnh phn ca mng c thit lp gi tr l 0 (gi tr mc nh ca s nguyn).
- Nhng kiu tham chiu trong mt mng khng c khi to gi tr mc nh, chng
c khi to gi tr null.
5. Truy cp cc thnh phn trong mng:
- truy cp vo thnh phn trong mng ta s dng ton t ch mc ([]).
- Ch mc ca thnh phn u tin trong mng lun lun l 0.
- Thuc tnh Length ca mng cho bit s i tng trong mt mng.
Lu hnh ni b
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6. Duyt mng 1 chiu:

for (int i=0; i < myIntArray.Length; i++) {
x l myIntArraya[i];
}
C th thay for bng foreach nh sau
foreach (int phantu in a){

x l myIntArraya[i];
}
V d 5.1: (Mng 5 s nguyn t 1 n 5)
* Yu cu
- Thit k form nh mu (lblKQ, btnIn, btnXoa, btnDung).
- Khai bo mng 1 chiu (a) gm 5 s nguyn t 1 n 5.
- Nhp vo button In mng (btnIn) s in ra label (lblKQ) cc gi tr trong mng.
- Nhp vo button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng ni dung ca label (lblKQ).
- Nhp vo button Dng s dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn
- Thit k form nh yu cu.
- Khai bo mng: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau:
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
// Khai bao mang 1 chieu gom 5 so nguyen tu 1 den 5
int[] a = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
}
- Nhp p vo button In mng, thm on code sau:
// Xuat cac phan tu trong mang ra man hinh
this.lblKQ.Text="Cc phn t trong mng l:\n\r";
for (int i=0; i < a.Length; i++) {
this.lblKQ.Text += a[i]+"
";
}
C th thay for bng foreach nh sau
foreach (int phantu in a){
this.lblKQ.Text += a[i]+"
";
}
this.lblKQ.Text = "";
Application.Exit();
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V d 5.2: (Mng 5 s nguyn)

* Yu cu
- Thit k form: btnNhap, txtNhap, btnTang, btnGiam, lblKQ, btnIn, btnXoa, btnDung.
- Khai bo mng 1 chiu (a) cha 5 s nguyn, s phn t hin c (sopt) l 0.
- Nhp s vo TextBox txtNhap, nhp vo button Nhp 1 phn t mng (btnNhap) cho
php a gi tr trong TextBox txtNhap vo mng. Khi mng 5 s nguyn th phi
thng bo Mng y v khng cho nhp na.
- Nhp vo button Sp tng (btnTang) s sp xp mng theo th t tng dn.
- Nhp vo button Sp gim (btnGiam) s sp xp mng theo th t gim dn.
- Nhp vo button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng ni dung ca label (lblKQ) ng thi khai
bo li s phn t hin c (sopt) ca mng l 0.
* Hng dn
- Khai bo mng nh sau:
{
// Khai bao mang 1 chieu gom 5 so nguyen
int[] a = new int[5];
// Khai bao so phan tu hien co cua mang
int sopt = 0;
}
- Nhp p vo button Nhp 1 phn t mng, thm on code sau:
// Nhap mot phan tu cho mang
if (sopt == 5)
MessageBox.Show("Mng y!");
else
{
a[sopt] = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtNhap.Text);
sopt++;
this.txtNhap.ResetText();
this.txtNhap.Focus();
}
- Nhp p vo button Sp tng, thm on code sau:
// Sap xep mang giam
if (sopt == 0)
this.lblKQ.Text = "Mng rng!";
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 36
else
Array.Sort(a, 0, sopt);
this.lblKQ.Text = " sp xp mng tng dn!";
- Nhp p vo button Sp gim, thm on code sau:
// Sap xep mang giam
if (sopt == 0)
else
Array.Reverse(a, 0, sopt);
this.lblKQ.Text = " sp xp mng gim dn!";
sopt = 0;
this.txtNhap.Focus();
if (sopt==0)
else
{
this.lblKQ.Text="Cc phn t trong mng l:\n\r";
for (int i = 0; i < sopt; i++)
this.lblKQ.Text += a[i] + "
";
}
Application.Exit();
II. Mng nhiu chiu
1. nh ngha
- Mng a chiu l mng m mi thnh phn l mt mng khc.
- Ngn ng C# h tr hai kiu mng a chiu l:
+ Mng a chiu cng kch thc.
+ Mng a chiu khc kch thc.
- Trong phm vi bi hc ny, ta ch kho st mng 2 chiu m thi.
2. Khai bo mng 2 chiu
<kiu d liu>[ , ] <tn mng>
V d:
int[ , ] myRectangularArray ;
3. Khi to thnh phn ca mng
int[] myRectangularArray = new int[sodong , socot] ;
4. Duyt mng 2 chiu
for (int i = 0; i < sodong; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < socot; j++)
{
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 37
X l myRectangularArray[i,j];
}
}
V d 5.3:
* Yu cu
- Thit k form nh mu (lblKQ, btnIn, btnXoa, btnDung, btnNhap, btnSapXep).
- Khai bo mng 2 chiu gm 4 dng, 3 ct cha cc s nguyn.
- Nhp vo button Nhp mng nhp cc phn t cho mng (c gi tr = dng - ct).
- Nhp vo button Sp Xp s sp xp mng tng dn theo tng hng.
- Nhp vo button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng ni dung ca label (lblKQ).
* Hng dn
- Khai bo mng: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau:
{ // Khai bao 4 dong 3 cot
const int sodong = 4;
const int socot = 3;
// Khai bao mang 2 chieu gom 4 dong, 3 cot chua 12 so
nguyen
int[,] Array2 = new int[sodong,socot];
}
- Nhp p vo button Nhp mng, thm on code sau:
// Nhap cac phan tu cho mang
for (int i=0; i < sodong; i++)
for (int j=0; j< socot; j++)
Array2[i,j]= i-j;
- Nhp p vo button Sp xp, thm on code sau:
// Sap xep mang
int[] t = new int[sodong * socot];
{
t[j] = Array2[i, j];
Array.Sort(t, 0, socot);
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 38

Array2[i, j]=t[j];
}
this.lblKQ.Text = "Cc phn t trong mng l:\n\r";
{
{
this.lblKQ.Text += Array2[i,j] + "
";
}
this.lblKQ.Text += "\n\r";
}
Application.Exit();
Bi tp
Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application:
1. Khai bo 1 mng nguyn 1 chiu ti a 10 phn t. Vit chng trnh:
- Nhp vo gi tr cho 1 phn t trong mng.
- In gi tr ca cc phn t trong mng.
- In gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca cc phn t trong mng.
- In tng s cc gi tr, trung bnh cng cc gi tr ca cc phn t trong mng.
2. Khai bo 1 mng nguyn 2 chiu 4 dng, 5 ct. Vit chng trnh:
- Nhp gi tr cho cc phn t trong mng (gi tr = s th t dng + s th t ct).
- In gi tr cc phn t trong mng.
- In gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca cc phn t trong mng.
- In tng s cc gi tr, trung bnh cng cc gi tr ca cc phn t trong mng.
-- oOo --
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 39
Bi 6: (tip theo) STRING (CHUI) EXCEPTION (NGOI L)

III. String (Chui)
1. To mt chui
a. Chui hng
string TenChuoi = "Chui" ;
V d:
string thongbao = "y l mt cu thng bo." ;
Ch : Ta c 2 khai bo chui sau l nh nhau
string chuoi = "Dong mot \n Dong hai";
string chuoi = @"Dong mot
Dong hai";
b. Chui dng phng thc ToString
V d:
int myInt = 9 ;
string intString = myInt.ToString();
2. Thao tc trn chui
Lp string cung cp rt nhiu cc phng thc so snh, tm kim, thay th ; cc
phng thc ny c trnh by trong bng sau:
Phng thc
ngha
Compare()
So snh hai chui (Chui 1 ? Chui 2) = (-1 ; 0 ; 1) tng ng (<, =, >)
Concat()
Ni chui
EndsWidth() Xem chui c kt thc bng mt nhm k t xc nh hay khng.
IndexOf()
Ch ra v tr xut hin u tin ca mt chui con trong chui ln.
Insert()
Tr v mt chui mi c chn thm.
LastIndexOf() Ch ra v tr xut hin cui cng ca mt chui con trong chui ln.
Length
Chiu di ca chui.
Remove()
Xo i mt chui con.
Replace()
Thay th chui c bng chui mi.
Split()
Tr v chui con c phn nh bi k t xc nh.
StartsWidth() Xem chui c bt u bng mt nhm k t xc nh hay khng.
Substring()
Ly chui con.
ToLower()
Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch thng.
ToUpper()
Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch IN HOA.
3. V d 6.1
* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lblTieuDe, lbl1, txtS1, lbl2, txtS2, lbl3, lblKQ, v cc button (xem
hnh).
- Nhp vo button Compare: so snh 2 chui txtS1 v txtS2 (c phn bit ch HOA v
ch thng), kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button COMPARE: so snh 2 chui txtS1 v txtS2 (khng phn bit ch
HOA v ch thng), kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Concat, ni 2 chui txtS1 v txtS2, kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 40
- Nhp button IndexOf, cho bit v tr xut hin ca chui txtS2 trong chui txtS1. Nu
c txtS2 trong txtS1 th thay th txtS2 (trong txtS1) bng chui "CH NY". Xut kt qu
trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Insert, chn chui txtS2 vo sau t u tin ca chui txtS1; v chn
chui txtS2 vo trc t sau cng ca chui txtS1. Xut kt qu trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Substring, cho bit v tr xut hin ca chui "TRNH X L" trong
lblTieuDe. Nu c th xa chui ra khi lblTieuDe. Xut kt qu trong lblKQ.
- Nhp button Xa th xa trng: TextBox txtS1, TextBox txtS2, Label lblKQ ng thi
a con tr vo TextBox txtS1.
* Hng dn
- Nhp p vo button Compare, thm vo on code:
string s1=this.txtS1.Text;
// So snh hai chui vi nhau c phn bit ch thng v
ch hoa
int kq = string.Compare(s1,s2);
this.lblKQ.Text = "txtS1 ";
if (kq == -1)
this.lblKQ.Text += "<";
else if (kq == 0)
this.lblKQ.Text += "=";
else
this.lblKQ.Text += ">";
this.lblKQ.Text += " txtS2";
- Nhp p vo button COMPARE, thm vo on code:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 41
// So snh hai chui vi nhau khng phn bit ch thng
v ch hoa
int kq = string.Compare(s1,s2, true);
this.lblKQ.Text = "txtS1 ";
if (kq == -1)
this.lblKQ.Text += "<";
else if (kq == 0)
this.lblKQ.Text += "=";
else
this.lblKQ.Text += ">";
this.lblKQ.Text += " txtS2";
- Nhp p vo button Concat, thm vo on code:
string s1 = this.txtS1.Text;
// Ni chui
this.lblKQ.Text = string.Concat(s1,s2);
- Nhp p vo button IndexOf, thm vo on code:
// Ch ra v tr xut hin ca chui 2 trong chui 1
if (s1.IndexOf(s2) >= 0)
{
this.lblKQ.Text = "txtS2 xut hin trong txtS1 ti
v tr ";
this.lblKQ.Text += s1.IndexOf(s2);
this.lblKQ.Text += ".!";
// Thay th chui s="CH NY" vo v tr chui 2
trong chui 1
string s = "CH NY";
this.lblKQ.Text += "\n\rThay th txtS2 trong txtS1
bng chui CH NY,";
this.lblKQ.Text+= "\n\rKt qu:"+s1.Replace(s2, s);
}
else this.lblKQ.Text = "txtS2 khng xut hin trong
txtS1!";
- Nhp p vo button Insert, thm vo on code:
// Chn chui 2 vo sau t u tin ca chui 1
this.lblKQ.Text = "Chn txtS2 vo sau t u tin ca
txtS1:\n\r";
this.lblKQ.Text += s1.Insert(s1.IndexOf(" "), s2);
// Chn chui 2 vo trc t cui cng ca chui 1
this.lblKQ.Text += "\n\rChn txtS2 vo trc t cui cng
ca txtS1:\n\r ";
this.lblKQ.Text += s1.Insert(s1.LastIndexOf(" "), s2);
- Nhp p vo button Substring, thm vo on code:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 42
// Ch ra v tr xut hin ca s="TRNH X L" trong

lblTieuDe
string s="TRNH X L";
int ix;
ix = this.lblTieuDe.Text.IndexOf(s);
// Trch s t lblTieuDe v in vo lblKQ
if (ix >= 0)
{
this.lblKQ.Text = this.lblTieuDe.Text.Substring(ix,
s.Length);
this.lblKQ.Text += " xut hin trong tiu ti v
tr ";
this.lblKQ.Text += ix;
// Xa s ra khi lblTieuDe
this.lblKQ.Text += "\n\rTiu sau khi xa " + s;
this.lblKQ.Text += "\n\rKt qu l: ";
this.lblKQ.Text += this.lblTieuDe.Text.Remove(ix,
s.Length);
}
else this.lblKQ.Text = "Khng xut hin trong chui 1!";
- Nhp p vo button Xa, thm vo on code:
this.txtS1.ResetText();
this.txtS2.ResetText();
this.txtS1.Focus();
- Nhp p vo button Dng, thm vo on code:
Application.Exit();
4. V d 6.2
* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txtHoTen, lbl2, lblKQ, v cc button (xem hnh).
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 43
- Nhp vo button CountOfWord: m s t trong chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong

lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Proper: i thnh ch Hoa u T cho chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut
trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Left, ly ra t bn tri ca chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Right, ly ra t bn phi ca chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong
lblKQ.
* Hng dn
- Nhp p vo button CountOfWord, thm vo on code:
// m s t trong chui
// To ra hng k t khong trng
const char Space =' ';
// Gn gi tr cho chui
string s = hoten.Trim();
// Thc hin vic chia chui vo mng --> m t = di
mng
int cWord = s.Split(Space).Length;)
// Gi kt qu tr v
return cWord;
** Tham kho thm on code sau:
// m s t trong chui txtHoTen
int count=0;
string s=this.txtHoTen.Text.Trim();
for (int i = 0; i < s.Length-1; i++)
if ((s.Substring(i, 1)==" ") && (s.Substring(i + 1,
1)!=" "))
count++;
if (s.Length > 0) count++;
this.lblKQ.Text = "S t l: " + count;
- Nhp p vo button Proper, thm vo on code:
// i thnh ch Hoa u T trong chui txtHoTen
string s = this.txtHoTen.Text.Trim();
if (s.Length == 0)
this.lblKQ.Text = "Chui rng!";
else
{
this.lblKQ.Text = "Chui kt qu l: ";
this.lblKQ.Text += s.Substring(0,1).ToUpper();
for (int i = 1; i < s.Length; i++)
{
if ((s[i-1].ToString()==" "
)&&(s[i].ToString()!=" "))
{
string ss = s[i].ToString();
this.lblKQ.Text += ss.ToUpper();
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 44
}
else this.lblKQ.Text += s[i].ToString();
}
}
- Nhp p vo button Left, thm vo on code:
// T u tin ca chui txtHoTen
if (s.Length == 0)
else
{
this.lblKQ.Text = "T u tin ca chui l: ";
this.lblKQ.Text += s.Substring(0, s.IndexOf(" "));
}
- Nhp p vo button Right, thm vo on code:
// T cui cng ca chui txtHoTen
if (s.Length == 0)
else
{
this.lblKQ.Text = "T u tin ca chui l: ";
this.lblKQ.Text += s.Substring(s.LastIndexOf(" ")+1,
s.Length-s.LastIndexOf(" ") - 1);
}
this.txtHoTen.ResetText();
Application.Exit();
IV. Exception (Ngoi l)
1. Khi nim
- Exception c th c hiu l bt gi li vi nhng on m hp l khng tn hi
n chng trnh.
- Li c th do nguyn nhn t chnh ngi s dng; hoc c th do nhng vn khng
mong i khc nh: thiu b nh, thiu ti nguyn h thng .
- Mt trnh x l ngoi l l mt khi lnh chng trnh c thit k x l cc ngoi l
m chng trnh pht sinh.
- X l ngoi l c thc thi trong trong cu lnh catch.
- Cc cu lnh c kh nng xy ra ngoi l thc thi trong cu lnh try.
* Mt cch l tng, nu mt ngoi l c bt v c x l th chng trnh c th sa
cha c vn b li v tip tc thc hin hot ng. Thm ch nu chng trnh khng
tip tc, bng vic bt gi ngoi l chng ta cng c c hi in ra nhng thng ip c
ngha v kt thc chng trnh mt cch r rng.
2. V d 6.3
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 45
* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txtSo1, lbl2, txtSo2, lbl3, txtKQ v cc button (xem hnh).
- Nhp s vo 2 TextBox txtSo1 v TxtSo2.
- Nhp vo button Chia:
+ Nu txtSo1, txtSo2 khng phi l s; hoc nhp vo txtSo2 l 0 th bo li: Li ri!.
+ Nu txtSo1, txtSo2 l s th xut kt qu l txtSo1 / txtSo2 vo TextBox txtKQ.
- Nhp buuton Dng th dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn
- Nhp p vo button Chia, thm vo on code:
// Xa trng TextBox txtKQ
txtKQ.ResetText();
// on code c xy ra ngoi l khi thc hin
try
{
int so1 = int.Parse(this.txtSo1.Text);
int so2 = int.Parse(this.txtSo2.Text);
this.txtKQ.Text += (float)so1 / so2;
}
// X l ngoi l
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.txtKQ.Text = "Li ri!";
}
Bi tp
1. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt chui h v tn. In ra:
- di v s t ca chui h tn.
- Chui h v tn di dng ch thng.
- Chui h v tn di dng ch IN HOA.
- Chui h v tn di dng Hoa u T.
- Chui h v tn c loi b cc khong trng tha (u chui, cui chui, bn
trong chui).
2. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc 1: bx + c = 0
Lu : c x l trng hp nhp vo b, c khng phi l s.
-- oOo -Lu hnh ni b
Trang 46
Chng 4: CLASS OBJECT METHOD

Bi 7: CLASS (LP) OBJECT (I TNG) METHOD (PHNG THC)
I. Khi nim
- Kiu d liu trong C# c nh ngha l mt lp (class).
- Th hin ring ca tng lp c gi l i tng (object).
- Hai thnh phn chnh cu thnh mt lp (class) l thuc tnh / tnh cht v phng thc
(method) / hnh ng ng x ca i tng.
II. nh ngha lp (class)
1. C php
[Thuc tnh] [B sung truy cp] class <Tn lp> [: Lp c s]
{
// Cc thuc tnh
<Thuc tnh>
// Cc phng thc
<Phng thc>
}
2. V d 7.1
* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txtHoTen, lbl2, lblKQ, v cc button (xem hnh).
- To class Chuoi nh sau:
public class Chuoi
{
// Thuc tnh
...
// Phng thc
...
}
+ Trong phn thuc tnh, khai bo:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 47
string tenchuongtrinh = "Chng trnh x l h v tn!";

+ Trong phn phng thc, khai bo cc phng thc sau:
// Phng thc
public string In()
{
// In tn chng trnh
return tenchuongtrinh;
}
public string Ten(string hoten)
{
// Ly tn
int lio=hoten.LastIndexOf(" ");
return hoten.Substring(lio+1, hoten.Length-lio-1);
}
public string HoLot(string hoten)
{
// Ly h v lt
int lio = hoten.LastIndexOf(" ");
return hoten.Substring(0,lio);
}
public int CountOfWord(string hoten)
{
// m s t trong chui
const char Space =' ';
// Thc hin vic chia chui thnh mng --> m t
cWord = s.Split(Space)).Length ;
// Gi kt qu tr v
return cWord;
}
// m s t trong chui HoTen
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < s.Length - 1; i++)
if ((s.Substring(i,1)==" ")&&(s.Substring(i+1,1)!= " "))
count++;
if (s.Length > 0)
count++;
return count;
public string Proper(string hoten)
{
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 48

const char Space = ' ';
// i chui
string kq = "Chui rng!";
if (s.Length == 0)
return kq;
else
{
kq = "";
string [] s1 = s.Split(Space);
foreach (string tu in s1) {
string ss = tu[0].ToString();
kq += ss.ToUpper();
kq += tu.Substring(1,tu.Length-1);
kq += " ";
}
return kq.Trim();
}
string kq = "Chui rng!";
if (s.Length > 0)
{
kq = s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper();
for (int i = 1; i < s.Length; i++)
{
if ((s[i - 1].ToString() == " ") &&
(s[i].ToString() != " "))
{
string ss = s[i].ToString();
kq += ss.ToUpper();
}
else kq += s[i].ToString();
}
}
return kq;
- S dng cc phng thc trn thc hin cc vic sau y (xut kt qu trong lblKQ):
+ Nhp vo button In Li gii thiu, s in li gii thiu.
+ Nhp button H Lt, tch ly h lt ca chui trong txtHoTen.
+ Nhp button Tn, tch ly tn ca chui trong txtHoTen.
+ Nhp button m t, m s t ca chui trong txtHoTen.
+ Nhp button Hoa u T, i thnh chui Hoa u T ca chui trong txtHoTen.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 49
- Nhp button Xa th xa trng: TextBox txtHoTen, Label lblKQ ng thi a con tr

vo TextBox txtHoTen.
* Hng dn
- Khai bo class: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau
public Form1()
{
}
public class Chuoi
{
// Thuc tnh
... (1)
// Phng thc
... (2)
}
+ Trong phn (1), khai bo thuc tnh (xem bi)
+ Trong phn (2), khai bo phng thc (xem bi)
- Nhp p vo button In Li gii thiu, thm vo on code:
Chuoi s = new Chuoi();
this.lblKQ.Text = s.In();
- Nhp p vo button H lt, thm vo on code:
this.lblKQ.Text="H lt: " + s.HoLot(this.txtHoTen.Text);
- Nhp p vo button Tn, thm vo on code:
this.lblKQ.Text = "Tn l: " + s.Ten(this.txtHoTen.Text);
- Nhp p vo button m t, thm vo on code:
this.lblKQ.Text = "Tng s t l: " ;
this.lblKQ.Text += s.CountOfWord(this.txtHoTen.Text);
- Nhp p vo button Hoa u T, thm vo on code:
this.lblKQ.Text = "Kt qu l: " ;
this.lblKQ.Text += s.Proper(this.txtHoTen.Text);
this.txtHoTen.ResetText();
Application.Exit();
* B sung
- Nt button In Hoa: i thnh chui IN HOA ca chui trong txtHoTen .
- Nt button In Thng: i thnh chui in thng ca chui trong txtHoTen.
III. Properties - Method
1. Thuc tnh (Properties):
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 50
Thuc tnh l nhng thng tin c th thay i c.

2. Thuc tnh truy cp
Thuc tnh
Gii hn truy cp
public
Khng hn ch. Nhng thnh vin c nh du public c th
c dng bt k cc phng thc ca lp, bao gm c nhng lp
khc.
private
Thnh vin trong lp c nh du private ch c dng cc
phng thc ca lp ny m thi.
Protected
Thnh vin trong lp c nh du protected ch c dng cc
phng thc ca lp ny; v cc phng thc ca lp dn xut t
lp ny.
Internal
Thnh vin trong lp c nh du l internal c dng cc
phng thc ca bt k lp no cng khi hp ng vi lp ny.
protected internal Thnh vin trong lp c nh du l protected internal c
dng cc phng thc ca lp ny; cc phng thc ca lp dn
xut t lp ny; v cc phng thc ca bt k lp no trong cng
khi hp ng vi lp ny.
3. Phng thc (Method)
- Phng thc (method) chnh l cc hm (function) c to trong lp (class).
- Tn ca phng thc thng c t theo tn ca hnh ng.
4. Tham s ca phng thc
a) Khi nim:
- Cc tham s theo sau tn phng thc v c bc bn trong du ngoc trn ().
- Mi tham s phi khai bo km theo kiu d liu.
- Trong C# c 2 dng truyn tham s:
+ Truyn tham chiu: dng thm t kha ref.
+ Truyn tham tr
b) V d:
* Truyn tham s cho phng thc theo kiu tham chiu
public class Hoandoi
{
public void HoanVi(ref int a, ref int b)
{
int c = a ;
a=b;
b=c;
}
}
Khi : khi gi hm HoanVi ta phi truyn tham s di dng tham chiu nh sau:
HoanDoi s = new HoanDoi();
s.HoanVi(ref a, ref b);
* Truyn tham s cho phng thc theo kiu tham tr
public class HoanDoi
{
public void HoanVi(int a, int b)
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 51
{
int c = a ;
a=b;
b=c;
}
}
5. V d 7.2
* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txta, lbl2, txtb, v cc button (xem hnh).
- To cc class HoanDoi, trong class c hm HoanVi cho php hon v 2 gi tr s
nguyn.
- Nhp button Hon i s hon i 2 gi tr trong txta v txtb
- Nhp button Xa s xa trng 2 TextBox v a con tr vo txta.
- Nhp button Dng s dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn
- Khai bo class: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau
public Form1()
{
}
public class HoanDoi
{
public void HoanVi(ref int a,ref int b)
{
int c = a ;
a = b ;
b = c ;
}
}
- Nhp p vo button Hon i, thm vo on code:
int a = int.Parse(this.txta.Text);
int b = int.Parse(this.txtb.Text);
HoanDoi s = new HoanDoi();
s.HoanVi(ref a, ref b);
this.txta.Text = a.ToString();
this.txtb.Text = b.ToString();
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 52

this.txta.ResetText();
this.txtb.ResetText();
this.txta.Focus();
Application.Exit();
Bi tp
Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application:
1. To mt class c tn l BAI_TAP_CLASS, c cc hm:
- Hm TEN nhn vo mt chui ch h v tn, gi tr tr li ca hm l chui ch tn.
- Hm NGTO nhn vo mt s nguyn n, gi tr tr li ca hm l true nu n l s nguyn
t; l false nu n khng l s nguyn t.
2. Thit k form c:
- TextBox txtHoTen: nhp h v tn.
- TextBox txtn: nhp s nguyn n.
- TextBox txtKQ: xut kt qu.
- Button btnTEN: gi hm TEN x l chui h v tn, xut kt qu vo txtKQ.
- Button btnNGTO: gi hm NGTO x l s nguyn n, xut kt qu vo txtKQ.
- Button btnXoa: xa trng tt c cc TextBox v a con tr vo txtHoTen
- Button btnDung: dng chng trnh.
-- oOo --
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 53
Chng 5: SQL SERVER 2008

Bi 8: SQL SERVER 2008
I. Tng quan v SQL
1. Khi nim SQL
- SQL (Structured Query Language ngn ng hi c cu trc) l cng c s dng t
chc, qun l v truy xut d liu c lu tr trong cc c s d liu.
- SQL l mt h thng ngn ng bao gm tp cc cu lnh s dng tng tc vi c s
d liu quan h.
- SQL c s dng iu khin tt c cc chc nng m mt h qun tr c s d liu
cung cp cho ngi dng bao gm:
nh ngha d liu: SQL cung cp kh nng nh ngha cc c s d liu, cc cu trc
lu tr v t chc d liu cng nh mi quan h gia cc thnh phn d liu.
Truy xut v thao tc d liu: Vi SQL, ngi dng c th d dng thc hin cc thao
tc truy xut, b sung, cp nht v loi b d liu trong cc c s d liu.
iu khin truy cp: SQL c th c s dng cp pht v kim sot cc thao tc
ca ngi s dng trn d liu, m bo s an ton cho c s d liu.
m bo ton vn d liu: SQL nh ngha cc rng buc ton vn trong c s d liu
nh m bo tnh hp l v chnh xc ca d liu trc cc thao tc cp nht cng
nh cc li ca h thng.
2. Vai tr ca SQL
- SQL khng phi l mt h qun tr c s d liu, do n khng th tn ti c lp.
- SQL l mt phn ca h qun tr c s d liu, n xut hin trong cc h qun tr c s
d liu vi vai tr ngn ng v l cng c giao tip gia ngi s dng v h qun tr c s
d liu.
- SQL c nhng vai tr nh sau:
SQL l ngn ng hi c tnh tng tc: Ngi s dng c th d dng thng qua cc
trnh tin ch gi cc yu cu di dng cc cu lnh SQL n c s d liu v nhn
kt qu tr v t c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng lp trnh c s d liu: Cc lp trnh vin c th nhng cc cu lnh
SQL vo trong cc ngn ng lp trnh xy dng nn cc chng trnh ng dng giao
tip vi c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng qun tr c s d liu: Thng qua SQL, ngi qun tr c s d liu
c th qun l c c s d liu, nh ngha cc cu trc lu tr d liu, iu khin
truy cp c s d liu, ...
SQL l ngn ng cho cc h thng khch/ch (client/server): Trong cc h thng c
s d liu khch/ch, SQL c s dng nh l cng c giao tip gia cc trnh ng
dng pha my khch vi my ch c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng truy cp d liu trn Internet: Cho n nay, hu ht cc my ch
Web cng nh cc my ch trn Internet s dng SQL vi vai tr l ngn ng tng
tc vi d liu trong cc c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng c s d liu phn tn: i vi cc h qun tr c s d liu phn
tn, mi mt h thng s dng SQL giao tip vi cc h thng khc trn mng, gi v
nhn cc yu cu truy xut d liu vi nhau.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 54
SQL l ngn ng s dng cho cc cng giao tip c s d liu: Trong mt h thng
mng my tnh vi nhiu h qun tr c s d liu khc nhau, SQL thng c s dng
nh l mt chun ngn ng giao tip gia cc h qun tr c s d liu.
II. Tng quan v c s d liu (CSDL) quan h
1. M hnh d liu quan h
- CSDL quan h l mt CSDL trong tt c d liu c t chc trong cc bng (table)
c mi quan h vi nhau. Mi bng (table) bao gm cc dng (record/bn ghi/b) v cc ct
(field/trng/thuc tnh).
- Tm li, mt CSDL bao gm nhiu bng (table) c mi quan h vi nhau (relationship).
V d:
2. Bng (Table)
Bng (table) bao gm cc yu t sau:
- Tn ca bng: c xc nh duy nht.
- Cu trc ca bng: tp hp cc ct (field/trng/thuc tnh).
- D liu ca bng: tp hp cc dng (record/bn ghi/b) hin c trong bng.
V d: Table DONVI
3. Kha chnh ca bng (Primary Key)

- Mi bng phi c mt ct (hoc mt tp cc ct) m gi tr d liu ca n xc nh duy
nht mt dng trong tp hp cc dng trong bng.
- Mt ct (hoc mt tp cc ct) c tnh cht ny gi l kha chnh ca bng (Primary
Key).
V d: Table DONVI
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 55
(c kha chnh l MADONVI)

4. Mi quan h (Relationship) v kha ngoi (Foreign Key)
- Mi quan h (Relationship) c th hin thng qua rng buc gi tr d liu xut hin
bng ny phi c xut hin trc mt bng khc.
- Mt ct (hoc tp hp cc ct) (field/trng/thuc tnh) trong mt bng m gi tr ca

n c xc nh t kha chnh (Primary Key) ca mt bng khc c gi l kha ngoi
(Foreign Key).
5. S lc v cu lnh SQL
Cu lnh
Chc nng
Thao tc d liu
SELECT
Truy xut d liu
INSERT
B sung d liu
UPDATE
Cp nht d liu
DELETE
Xa d liu
TRUNCATE
Xa ton b d liu trong bng
nh ngha d liu
CREATE TABLE
To bng
DROP TABLE
Xa bng
ALTER TABLE
Sa cu trc bng
CREATE FUNCTION To hm (do ngi s dng nh ngha)
ALTER FUNCTION
Sa i hm
DROP FUNCTION
Xa hm
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 56
CREATE TRIGGER
ALTER TRIGGER
DROP TRIGGER
To trigger
Sa trigger
Xa trigger
6. Quy tc s dng tn trong SQL

- Trong cu lnh SQL, nu ta cn ch n mt bng do mt ngi dng khc s hu (hin
nhin l phi c php) th tn ca bng phi c vit sau tn ca ngi s hu v phn
cch vi tn ngi s hu bi du chm theo cng thc: tn_ngi_s_hu.tn_bng
- Trong cu lnh SQL, nu c s dng t hai ct tr ln c cng tn trong cc bng khc
nhau th bt buc phi ch nh thm tn bng trc tn ct; tn bng v tn ct c phn
cch nhau bi du chm theo cng thc: tn_bng.tn_ct
7. Kiu d liu
Tn kiu
CHAR (n)
NCHAR (n)
VARCHAR (n)
NVARCHAR (n)
INTEGER
INT
TINYTINT
SMALLINT
BIGINT
NUMERIC (p,s)
DECIMAL (p,s)
FLOAT
REAL
MONEY
BIT
DATETIME
SMALLDATETIME
BINARY
VARBINARY
IMAGE
TEXT
NTEXT
8. Ton t
Ton t
a) Logic
AND / OR
b) So snh
=
>
<
>=
Lu hnh ni b
M t
Kiu chui vi di c nh
Kiu chui vi di c nh h tr UNICODE
Kiu chui vi di chnh xc
Kiu chui vi di chnh xc h tr UNICODE
S nguyn c gi tr t -231 n 231 1
Nh kiu Integer
S nguyn c gi tr t 0 n 255
Kiu s vi chnh xc c nh
Tng t kiu Numeric
S thc c gi tr t -1.79E+308 n 1.79E+308
S thc c gi tr t -3.40E + 38 n 3.40E + 38
Kiu tin t
Kiu bit (c gi tr 0 hoc 1)
Kiu ngy gi (chnh xc n phn trm ca giy)
Kiu ngy gi (chnh xc n pht)
D liu nh phn vi di c nh (ti a 8000 bytes)
D liu nh phn vi di chnh xc (ti a 8000 bytes)
D liu nh phn vi di chnh xc (<= 2,147,483,647 bytes)
D liu kiu chui vi di ln (ti a 2,147,483,647 k t)
D liu kiu chui vi di ln v h tr UNICODE (ti a
1,073,741,823 k t)
ngha
V / Hoc
Bng
Ln hn
Nh hn
Ln hn hoc bng
Trang 57
<=
<>
!>
!<
c) Danh sch
IN
NOT IN
d) Gii hn d liu
BETWEEN
NOT BETWEEN
LIKE
Nh hn hoc bng
Khc
Khng ln hn
Khng nh hn
Nm trong danh sch
Khng nm trong danh sch
Gi_tr BETWEEN a AND b ngha l (a Gi_tr b)
Gi_tr NOT BETWEEN a AND b ngha l (Gi_tr < a) AND
(Gi_tr > b)
M t khun dng d liu cn tm kim c s dng k t i
din:
%
Chui k t bt k
_
Mt k t bt k
[]
K t bt k trong gii hn c ch nh
[^] K t bt k khng nm trong gii hn c ch nh
III. Table (Bng)

* Quy tc khi vit cu lnh SQL:
- Cc cu lnh SQL khng phn bit ch hoa v ch thng. Tuy nhin, d c nn
vit hoa t kha trong mnh .
- Cu lnh SQL c th vit trn mt dng hay nhiu dng. Nhng nn vit mi dng mt
mnh .
- Khng tch t kha trn nhiu dng, khng vit tt t kha.
- Cu lnh SQL kt thc bng du chm phy (;)
1. To bng
C php:
CREATE TABLE tn_bng
(
tn_ct
thuc_tnh_ct
cc_rng_buc
[ , ...
, tn_ct_n thuc_tnh_ct_n
cc_rng_buc_ct_n ]
[ , cc_rng_buc_trn_bng ]
)
Trong :
tn_bng
Tn ca bng cn to (<=128 k t)
tn_ct
Tn ca ct (field / trng) cn nh ngha
thuc_tnh_ct Gm:
Kiu d liu ca ct (field).
Gi tr mc nh ca ct (filed).
IDENTITY - gi tr t ng tng, dng vi field kiu s.
NULL / NOT NULL
cc_rng_buc Cc rng buc c s dng trn mi ct (field) hoc trn bng.
V d 8.1:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 58
To bng NHANVIEN gm cc field MANV (m nhn vin), HOTEN (h v tn),

NGAYSINH (ngy sinh ca nhn vin), DIACHI (a ch ca nhn vin), HSLUONG (h s
lng), MADONVI (m n v).
* Hng dn:
CREATE TABLE nhanvien
(
manv
NVARCHAR(10)
NOT NULL,
hoten
NVARCHAR(50)
NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATE
NULL,
diachi
NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
dienthoai NVARCHAR(10)
NULL,
hsluong DECIMAL(3,2)
DEFAULT (1.92)
madonvi NVARCHAR(10)
NOT NULL
)
2. To rng buc
a. Rng buc CHECK:
- Ch nh iu kin hp l i vi d liu khi c s thay i d liu trn bng.
- Dng vi cc lnh INSERT, UPDATE.
C php:
[CONSTRAINT tn_rng_buc]
CHECK (iu_kin)
V d 8.2:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.1, trong :
- NGAYSINH < '1/1/1990'
- DIENTHOAI ca nhn vin l mt chui 6 ch s.
* Hng dn:
(
manv
NVARCHAR(10)
NOT NULL,
hoten
NVARCHAR(50)
NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATE
NULL
CONSTRAINT CK_nhanvien_ngaysinh
CHECK (ngaysinh < '1/1/1990'),
diachi
NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
NULL,
CONSTRAINT CK_nhanvien_dienthoai
CHECK (dienthoai LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]____')
DEFAULT (1.92)
NOT NULL
)
b. Rng buc PRIMARY KEY:
- Ch nh kho chnh ca bng.
C php:
PRIMARY KEY [(danh_sch_ct)]
Lu :
Mi bng c nhiu nht mt rng buc PRIMARY KEY.
Mt kho chnh c th bao gm nhiu ct nhng khng vt qu 16 ct.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 59
V d 8.3:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.2, vi kho chnh l MANV
* Hng dn:
(
manv
NVARCHAR(10)
NOT NULL,
hoten
NVARCHAR(50)
NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATE
NULL
diachi
NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
NULL,
DEFAULT (1.92)
NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_nhanvien_manv PRIMARY KEY
)
c. Rng buc UNIQUE:
- Ch nh kho ph cho bng.
C php:
UNIQUE [(danh_sch_ct)]
V d 8.4:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.3, trong khng cho php cc nhn vin khc nhau
c trng in thoi vi nhau.
* Hng dn:
(
manv
NVARCHAR(10)
NOT NULL,
hoten
NVARCHAR(50)
NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATE
NULL
diachi
NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
NULL,
DEFAULT (1.92)
NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_nhanvien_manv PRIMARY KEY,
CONSTRAINT UNIQUE_nhanvien_dienthoai UNIQUE(dienthoai)
)
d. Rng buc FOREIGN KEY (kha ngoi)
- Mt ct (hay mt tp cc ct) trong mt bng c gi l kho ngoi (rng buc
FOREIGN KEY) nu gi tr ca n c xc nh t kho chnh (PRIMARY KEY) hoc
kho ph (UNIQUE) ca mt bng d liu khc.
C php:
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 60
FOREIGN KEY [(danh_sch_ct)]

REFERENCES tn_bng_tham_chiu(danh_sch_ct_tham_chiu)
[ON DELETE CASCADE | NO ACTION | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT]
[ON UPDATE CASCADE | NO ACTION | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT]
Trong :
CASCADE: T ng xo (cp nht) nu bn ghi c tham chiu b xo (cp nht).
NO ACTION (Mc nh): Nu bn ghi trong bng tham chiu ang c tham chiu
bi mt bn ghi bt k trong bng c nh ngha th bn ghi khng c php
xo hoc cp nht (i vi ct c tham chiu).
SET NULL: Cp nht li kho ngoi ca bn ghi thnh gi tr NULL (nu ct cho
php nhn gi tr NULL).
SET DEFAULT: Cp nht li kho ngoi ca bn ghi nhn gi tr mc nh (nu ct
c qui nh gi tr mc nh).
V d 8.5:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.4, trong kho ngoi trn ct MADONVI (bng
DONVI). Gi s rng bng DONVI c nh ngha.
* Hng dn:
(
manv
NVARCHAR(10)
NOT NULL,
hoten
NVARCHAR(50)
NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATE
NULL
diachi
NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
NULL,
DEFAULT (1.92)
NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_nhanvien_manv PRIMARY KEY,
CONSTRAINT UNIQUE_nhanvien_dienthoai UNIQUE(dienthoai) ,
CONSTRAINT FK_nhanvien_madonvi
FOREIGN KEY(madonvi)
REFERENCES donvi(madonvi)
ON DELETE CASCADE
ON UPDATE CASCADE
)
3. Sa cu trc bng
a. C php
ALTER TABLE tn_bng
ADD nh_ngha_ct |
ALTER COLUMN tn_ct kiu_d_liu [NULL | NOT NULL] |
DROP COLUMN tn_ct |
ADD CONSTRAINT tn_rng_buc nh_ngha_rng_buc |
DROP CONSTRAINT tn_rng_buc
b. V d 8.6
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 61
B sung vo bng DONVI v d 8.5, ct GHICHU

* Hng dn:
ALTER TABLE nhanvien
ADD
ghichu NVARCHAR(50)
4. Xa bng
a. C php
DROP TABLE tn_bng
b. V d 8.7:
Xo bng DONVI ra khi CSDL.
Lu : Ct MADONVI trong bng DONVI ang c tham chiu bi kho ngoi
FK_nhanvien_madonvi trong bng NHANVIEN.
* Hng dn:
- Xo b rng buc FK_nhanvien_madonvi khi bng NHANVIEN
ALTER TABLE nhanvien
DROP CONSTRAINT FK_nhanvien_madonvi
- Xo bng DONVI:
DROP TABLE donvi
Thc hnh
1. Khi ng SQL SERVER 2008:
a. Start All programs Microsoft SQL Server 2008 SQL Server Management Studio
b. Chng thc: chn 1 trong 2 ch
v L ca Windows
v L ca SQL Server
c. Chn Connect
2. To database:
ca s Object Explorer, click chut phi vo Database sau chn New database
- Database nane: banhang
- Chn Ok
3. To cu trc table:
a. To table Nhanvien
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 62
* ca s Object Explorer:
- Nhp du + trc database banhang (thnh du -)
- Click chut phi vo Table sau chn New table
- Khai bo cu trc: V d 8.1
- Lu: nhp
b. To table Donvi : t thc hin.
4. To rng buc cho table
* Chn table Nhanvien
a. Rng buc CHECK
V d 8.2
* ca s hin th cu trc ca table Nhanvien
- Click chut phi vo field ngaysinh, chn CheckConstraints
- Nhp Add
+ (Name): g CK_nhanvien_ngaysinh
Expression: g ([ngaysinh] < '1/1/1990')
- Nhp Add (ln 2)
+ (Name): g CK_nhanvien_dienthoai
+ Expression: g (dienthoai LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]____')
- Nhp Close
* Chn table Donvi: t thc hin cho field dienthoai.
b. Rng buc PRIMARY KEY
V d 8.3
- Click phi chut vo field manv v chn Set Primary Key
* Cho table Donvi: t thc hin cho field madonvi .
c. Rng buc UNIQUE
V d 8.4
- Click phi chut vo field dienthoai v chn Indexes / Keys
- Nhp Add
+ (Name): g UNIQUE_nhanvien_dienthoai
+ Columns: dienthoai (ASC)
+ Type: Unique Key
- Nhp Close
5. To quan h (relationship) cho cc table: Donvi, Nhanvien
V d 8.5
* ca s Object Explorer
- Click chut phi vo Database Diagrams sau chn New database Diagram
- Chn cc table tham gia to quan h, nhp Close.
- R field madonvi (t table nhanvien) th vo field madonvi (ca table donvi).
- Khai bo:
Primary key table
Foreign key table
Donvi
Nhanvien
madonvi
madonvi
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 63
6. Thm field GHICHU vo table DONVI

V d 8.6
* ca s hin th cu trc ca table Donvi
- Khai bo ( cui) thm field: ghichu, nvarchar(50), NULL
7. Nhp d liu cho cc table: Donvi, Nhanvien
* ca s Object Explorer:
- Click chut phi vo dbo.donvi / dbo.nhanvien sau chn Edit top 200 Rows
- Nhp d liu
-- oOo --
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 64
Bi 9: CC CU LNH TRUY VN
* Xt CSDL banhang gm cc table:
NHANVIEN, DONVI, MATHANG, NHATKYBANHANG
- Cu trc:
- D liu:
Bng NHANVIEN
Bng DONVI
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 65
IV. Cc cu lnh truy vn

1. Cu lnh SELECT
Cng dng:
- Chn cc field t bng.
C php:
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT][TOP n] danh_sch_chn
[INTO tn_bng_mi]
FROM danh_sch_bng [ | khung_nhn]
[WHERE iu_kin]
[GROUP BY danh_sch_ct]
[HAVING iu_kin]
[ORDER BY ct_sp_xp]
[COMPUTE danh_sch_hm_gp [BY danh_sch_ct]]
Ch : Cc thnh phn trong cu lnh SELECT phi c s dng theo ng th t trn.
c. Danh sch chn trong cu lnh SELECT
- Chn tt c cc field
V d 9.1a:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit thng tin ca cc nhn vin trong bng NHANVIEN.
SELECT * FROM nhanvien n1
- i tn cc ct trong kt qu
V d 9.1b:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn) c i thnh H v Tn, DIACHI (a ch)
c i thnh a Ch ca cc nhn vin trong bng NHANVIEN.
SELECT 'H v Tn' = hoten, 'a Ch' = diachi
FROM nhanvien
Hoc:
SELECT hoten 'H v Tn', diachi 'a Ch'
FROM nhanvien
- S dng cu trc CASE i tn cc ct trong kt qu
V d 9.1c:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn), HSLUONG (h s lng) v (xp loi lng)
ca cc nhn vin trong bng NHANVIEN theo HSLUONG (h s lng).
SELECT 'H v Tn'= hoten, 'H s lng' = hsluong, 'H s lng' =
CASE
WHEN hsluong = NULL
THEN 'Khng xc nh'
WHEN hsluong <= 1.92
THEN 'Lng thp'
WHEN hsluong <= 3.11
THEN 'Lng trung bnh'
WHEN hsluong <= 5.2
THEN 'Lng cao'
ELSE 'Lng rt cao'
END
FROM nhanvien
- Thm chui k t trong kt qu
V d 9.1d:
Cu lnh sau y s cho thm chui 'H s lng l:' trc ct HSLUONG (h s
lng) trong tng dng kt qu.
SELECT 'H v Tn' = hoten, 'H s lng l:', 'H s lng' = hsluong
FROM nhanvien
- Tnh ton cc gi tr trong cu lnh SELECT
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 66
V d 9.1e:
Cu lnh sau y s cho HOTEN (h tn) v LUONG (lng) ca nhn vin theo cng
thc LUONG = HSLUONG * 730000.
SELECT 'H v Tn' = hoten, 'Lng' = hsluong * 730000
FROM nhanvien
- T kha DISTINCT: dng loi b nhng dng d liu c kt qu ging nhau
V d 9.1f:
Cu lnh sau s cho cc gi tr hsluong khc nhau trong bng NHANVIEN
SELECT hsluong
FROM nhanvien
- To bng mi bng cu lnh SELECT INTO
V d 9.1g:
Cu lnh sau s to bng c tn NHANVIEN_LUU gm cc field HOTEN (h tn),
DIACHI (a ch) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG > 1.92 t bng NHANVIEN.
SELECT hoten, diachi
INTO nhanvien_luu
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong > 1.92
- Sp xp kt qu (ASC: tng, DESC: gim) bng ORDER BY
V d 9.1h:
Cu lnh sau y s sp xp cc nhn vin theo th t gim dn ca HSLUONG (h s
lng), nu HSLUONG bng nhau th sp xp kt qu theo th t tng dn ca NGAYSINH
(ngy sinh)
SELECT hoten, ngaysinh, hsluong
FROM nhanvien
ORDER BY hsluong DESC, ngaysinh ASC
d. Xc nh bng bng mnh FROM
FROM danh_sch_bng [ | khung_nhn]
V d 9.1i:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn), DIACHI (a ch) ca cc nhn vin bng
cch gn b danh (alias) cho bng NHANVIEN.
FROM nhanvien n1
e. t iu kin truy xut d liu bng mnh WHERE
WHERE iu_kin
iu_kin: s dng cc php ton sau
+ So snh: = , > , < , >= , <= , <> , !> , !<
+ Gii hn: BETWEEN AND , NOT BETWEEN AND
+ Danh sch: IN , NOT IN
+ Khun dng: LIKE , NOT LIKE
Vi cc k t i din: % , _ , [] , [^]
+ Cc gi tr cha bit: IS NULL , IS NOT NULL
+ Kt hp cc iu kin: AND , OR
V d 9.1j:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn), DIACHI (a ch) v DIENTHOAI (in
thoi) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG (h s lng) ln hn 1.92
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong > 1.92
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 67
V d 9.1k:
thoi) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG (h s lng) trong khong 1.92 n 3.11
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong BETWEEN 1.92 AND 3.11
V d 9.1l:
thoi) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG (h s lng) l 1.86, 1.92, 2.11
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong IN (1.86, 1.92, 2.11)
* Hoc:
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong = 1.86 OR hsluong = 1.92 OR hsluong = 2.11
V d 9.1m:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit thng tin ca nhn vin c tn l NAM.
SELECT *
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hoten LIKE '%NAM'
V d 9.1n:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit thng tin ca nhn vin khng c in thoi.
SELECT *
FROM nhanvien
WHERE dienthoai IS NULL
2. Thm d liu INSERT
Cng dng:
- Thm dng d liu (mu tin/record) vo bng.
C php:
INSERT INTO tn_bng
[(danh_sch_ct)] VALUES(danh_sch_tr)
V d 9.2a:
Cu lnh sau y thm mt dng d liu vo bng DONVI
INSERT INTO donvi
VALUES('06', 'Phng CTCT-HSSV', '821460')
V d 9.2b:
Cu lnh sau y thm mt dng d liu vo bng NHANVIEN
INSERT INTO nhanvien
VALUES('NV02003', 'L Th Mai', '23/05/1972', NULL, '523312', 1.92, '02')
V d 9.2c:
Cu lnh sau y thm mt dng d liu vo bng NHANVIEN nhng ch in d liu
vo mt s ct.
INSERT INTO nhanvien(manv, hoten, diachi, madonvi)
VALUES('NV05002', 'Nguyn Th Hnh Dung', '56 Trn Ph', '05')
V d 9.2d: Thm d liu vo bng vi d liu ly t bng khc
Cu lnh sau y thm d liu vo bng LUONG_NHANVIEN vi d liu ly t bng
NHANVIEN.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 68
INSERT INTO luong_nhanvien

SELECT manv, hoten, hsluong*730000 FROM nhanvien
3. Cp nht d liu UPDATE
Cng dng:
- Cp nht d liu trong cc bng.
C php:
UPDATE tn_bng
SET tn_ct = biu_thc
[ , ...
, tn_ct_k = biu_thc_k]
[FROM danh_sch_bng]
[WHERE iu_kin]
V d 9.3a:
Cu lnh sau y tng HSLUONG (h s lng) thm 0.2 cho cc nhn vin c
MADONVI l 04.
UPDATE nhanvien
SET hsluong = hsluong + 0.2
WHERE madonvi = '04'
V d 9.3b:
Cu lnh sau y s cp nht gi tr cho field THANHTIEN (thnh tin) trong bng
NHATKYBANHANG theo cng thc THANHTIEN = SOLUONG * DONGIA.
UPDATE nhatkybanhang
SET thanhtien = soluong * MATHANG.dongia
FROM MATHANG
WHERE nhatkybanhang.mahang = MATHANG.mahang
4. Xa d liu DELETE
Cng dng:
- xa d liu trong bng.
C php:
DELETE FROM tn_bng
[FROM danh_sch_bng]
[WHERE iu_kin]
V d 9.4:
Cu lnh sau y xo khi bng NHANVIEN nhng nhn vin lm ti n v c
SODIENTHOAI (s in thoi) l '848484'
DELETE FROM nhanvien
FROM donvi
WHERE nhanvien.madonvi = donvi.madonvi AND donvi.dienthoai = '848484'
5. Xa ton b d liu TRUNCATE
Cng dng:
- xa ton b d liu trong bng.
C php:
TRUNCATE TABLE tn_bng
V d 9.5:
Cu lnh sau xo ton b d liu trong bng LUONG_NHANVIEN
DELETE FROM luong_nhanvien
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 69
Tng ng cu lnh
TRUNCATE TABLE luong_nhanvien
V. Mt s hm thng dng trong SQL Server
1. Hm ngy gi
a. Hm DATEADD
C php:
DATEADD(datepart, number, date)
Datepart: tham s ch nh thnh phn s c cng thm vo ngy date.
DatePart
Vit tt
year
yy, yyyy
quarter
qq, q
month
mm, m
dayofyear
dy, y
day
dd, d
week
wk, ww
hour
hh
minute
mi, n
second
ss, s
milisecond
ms
Cng dng: Hm tr v mt gi tr kiu DateTime bng cch cng thm mt khong gi
tr l number vo ngy date c ch nh.
b. Hm DATEDIFF
C php:
DATEDIFF(datepart, startdate, enddate)
Cng dng: Hm tr v khong thi gian gia 2 gi tr kiu ngy startdate v enddate ty
thuc vo datepart.
V d:
DateDiff(year, '3/10/2003', '6/15/2010') kt qu: 7
c. Hm DATEPART
C php:
DATEPART(datepart, date)
Cng dng: Hm tr v mt s nguyn c trch ra t thnh phn c ch nh bi
datepart trong gi tr ngy date.
V d:
DatePart(year, '6/15/2010') kt qu: 2010
d. Hm GETDATE
C php:
GETDATE()
Cng dng: Hm tr v gi tr l ngy hin ti.
e. Hm DAY, MONTH, YEAR
C php:
DAY(date) / MONTH(date) / YEAR(date)
Cng dng: Hm tr v gi tr l ngy / thng / nm ca ngy date.
V d:
Day('6/15/2010') kt qu: 15
Month('6/15/2010') kt qu: 6
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 70
Year('6/15/2010') kt qu: 2010

2. Hm chui
a. Hm LEFT
C php:
LEFT(string, n)
Cng dng: Hm trch t chui string n k t tnh t bn tri.
b. Hm RIGHT
C php:
RIGHT(string, n)
Cng dng: Hm trch t chui string n k t tnh t bn phi.
c. Hm SUBSTRING
C php:
SUBSTRING(string, m, n)
Cng dng: Hm trch t chui string n k t tnh t k t th m.
d. Hm LTRIM
C php:
LTRIM(string)
Cng dng: Hm ct b khong trng tha bn tri chui string.
e. Hm RTRIM
C php:
RTRIM(string)
Cng dng: Hm ct b khong trng tha bn phi chui string.
f. Hm LEN
C php:
LEN(string)
Cng dng: Hm tr v di ca chui string.
Thc hnh
1. Khi ng SQL SERVER 2008:
a. Start All programs Microsoft SQL Server 2008 SQL Server Management Studio
b. Chng thc
c. Chn Connect
2. ca s Object Explorer, click phi chut ln banhang v chn lnh New Query
3. ca s query, thc hin cc cu lnh trong cc V d trn.
-- oOO --
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 71
Chng 6: LP TRNH KT NI CSDL SQL SERVER 2008

Bi 10-11: LP TRNH KT NI C S D LIU
* Chun b:
- Tn my c s dng (SERVERNAME) l PC-PC
- Database c s dng (DATABASENAME) l QuanLyBanHang, gm c cc table:
+ Nhanvien
+ HoaDon
+ Sanpham
+ ChiTietHoaDon
+ Khachhang
+ ThanhPho
- Vi quan h (Relationship) nh sau:
- S dng Visual Studio 2008 to mt project mi (Windows Forms Application)

I. To kt ni - Vn chuyn d liu
1. Khai bo namespace s dng
using System.Data.SqlClient;
2. Khai bo mc class
// Chui kt ni
string strConnectionString = "Data
Source=SERVERNAME;Initial Catalog=DATABASENAME;Integrated
Security=True";
// i tng kt ni
SqlConnection conn = null;
// i tng a d liu vo DataTable dtTABLENAME
SqlDataAdapter daTABLENAME = null;
// i tng hin th d liu ln Form
DataTable dtTABLENAME = null;
3. Khai bo Form Load
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 72
// Khi ng kt ni
conn = new SqlConnection(strConnectionString);
// Vn chuyn d liu ln DataTable dtTABLENAME
daTABLENAME = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM
TABLENAME",conn);
dtTABLENAME = new DataTable();
daTABLENAME.Fill(dtTABLENAME);
4. Gii phng ti nguyn
. Chuyn Form v ch Design View
. ca s properties ca form ang chn, click Events
. Nhp p ln s kin FormClosing
. Vit code cho s kin ny nh sau:
// Gii phng ti nguyn
dtTABLENAME.Dispose();
dtTABLENAME = null;
// Hy kt ni
conn = null;
II. a d liu ln cc i tng ListBox / ComboBox DataGridView
1. a d liu ln ListBox / ComboBox
V d 10.1: Thit k form nh sau
(lstThanhPho, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
. Khi Form load: a d liu t table ThanhPho ln ListBox (lstThanhPho), km by li.
. Nhp vo Button Thot: dng chng trnh (c hin hp thoi hi p trc khi dng).
* Hng dn:
- Khai bo namespace s dng:
- mc class, khai bo:
// Chui kt ni
string strConnectionString = "Data Source=PC-PC;Initial
Catalog=QuanLyBanHang;Integrated Security=True";
// i tng kt ni
// i tng a d liu vo DataTable dtThanhPho
SqlDataAdapter daThanhPho = null;
DataTable dtThanhPho = null;
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 73
- Form load:
try
{
// Khi ng connection
// Vn chuyn d liu ln DataTable dtThanhPho
daThanhPho = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM
THANHPHO", conn);
dtThanhPho = new DataTable();
dtThanhPho.Clear();
daThanhPho.Fill(dtThanhPho);
// a d liu ln ListBox
this.lstThanhPho.DataSource = dtThanhPho;
this.lstThanhPho.DisplayMember = "TenThanhPho";
this.lstThanhPho.ValueMember = "ThanhPho";
}
catch (SqlException)
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng ly c ni dung trong table
THANHPHO. Li ri!!!");
}
- FormClosing:
dtThanhPho.Dispose();
dtThanhPho = null;
// Hy kt ni
conn = null;
- Button Thot:
// Khai bo bin traloi
// Hin hp thoi hi p
// Kim tra c nhp chn nt Ok khng?
if (traloi == DialogResult.OK)Application.Exit();
2. a d liu ln DataGridView
V d 10.2: Thit k form nh sau
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 74
(dgvKHACHHANG, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
. Khi Form load: a d liu t table KhachHang ln DataGridView (dgvKHACHHANG),
c by li.
. Nhp vo Button Thot: dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn:
- Thit k form theo yu cu.
- DataGridView c thuc tnh:
+ Name: dgvKHACHHANG
+ Nhp phi chut ln DataGridView chn Edit Columns
+ Trong hp thoi Edit Columns, nhp Add m hp thoi Add column v cc
column (ct) theo danh sch sau:
Name
Type
Header text
DataPropertyName Width Ghi ch
MaKH
TextBox M KH
MaKH
100
Frozen
TenCty
TextBox Tn Cty
TenCty
250
DiaChi
TextBox a ch
DiaChi
200
ThanhPho
TextBox Thnh Ph
ThanhPho
100
DienThoai
TextBox Ngy Nhn Hng DienThoai
100
Trong :
TextBox: l DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
CheckBox: l DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn
ComboBox: l DataGridViewComboBoxColumn
Thuc tnh DataPropertyName, Width iu chnh trong hp thoi Edit
Column.
- mc class, khai bo:
// Chui kt ni
// i tng kt ni
// i tng a d liu vo DataTable dtKhachHang
SqlDataAdapter daKhachHang = null;
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 75
DataTable dtKhachHang = null;

- Form load:
try
{
// Vn chuyn d liu ln DataTable dtKhachHang
daKhachHang = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM
KHACHHANG", conn);
dtKhachHang = new DataTable();
dtKhachHang.Clear();
daKhachHang.Fill(dtKhachHang);
// a d liu ln DataGridView
dgvKHACHHANG.DataSource = dtKhachHang;
}
{
KHACHHANG. Li ri!!!");
}
- FormClosing:
dtKhachHang.Dispose();
dtKhachHang = null;
// Hy kt ni
conn = null;
- Button Thot:
// Khai bo bin traloi
// Hin hp thoi hi p
// Kim tra c nhp chn nt Ok khng?
if (traloi == DialogResult.OK)Application.Exit();
3. a d liu vo ComboBox trong DataGridView
V d 10.3: T V D 10.2, b sung button
ReLoad (btnReLoad): load li ni dung ca table KhachHang vo DataGridView.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 76
* Hng dn:
- mc class, b sung on code v khai bo hm LoadData() nh sau:
void LoadData()
{
try
{
// Vn chuyn d liu vo DataTable dtThanhPho
THANHPHO", conn);
dtThanhPho.Clear();
// a d liu ln ComboBox trong DataGridView
(dgvKHACHHANG.Columns["ThanhPho"] as
DataGridViewComboBoxColumn).DataSource = dtThanhPho;
DataGridViewComboBoxColumn).DisplayMember =
"TenThanhPho";
DataGridViewComboBoxColumn).ValueMember =
"ThanhPho";
// Vn chuyn d liu vo DataTable dtKhachHang
daKhachHang = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM
KHACHHANG", conn);
dtKhachHang = new DataTable();
dtKhachHang.Clear();
daKhachHang.Fill(dtKhachHang);
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 77
}
{
KHACHHANG. Li ri!!!");
}
}
- Form Load: b ni dung c, thay bng
LoadData();
- ReLoad: Nhp p vo Button ReLoad, vit on code nh sau
LoadData();
III. Cc thao tc trn d liu: Thm Sa - Xa
1. V d 10.4: T V d 10.3, b sung button sau
Xa (btnXoa): xa record hin hnh ra khi table KhachHang.
* Hng dn:
- Xa: Nhp p vo Button Xa, thc hin nh sau
// M kt ni
conn.Open();
try
{
// Thc hin lnh
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = conn;
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
// Ly th t record hin hnh
int r = dgvKHACHHANG.CurrentCell.RowIndex;
// Ly MaKH ca record hin hnh
string strMAKH =
dgvKHACHHANG.Rows[r].Cells[0].Value.ToString();
// Vit cu lnh SQL
cmd.CommandText = System.String.Concat("Delete From
KhachHang Where MaKH='" + strMAKH + "'");
// Thc hin cu lnh SQL
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 78
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
// Cp nht li DataGridView
LoadData();
// Thng bo
MessageBox.Show(" xa xong!");
}
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng xa c. Li ri!!!");
}
// ng kt ni
conn.Close();
2. V d 10.5: T V d 10.4, b sung cc i tng nh sau (xem hnh)
- Panel, trong c
+ 4 TextBox: txtMaKH, txtTenCty, txtDiachi, txtDienthoai
+ 1 ComboBox: cbThanhpho
- 4 Button: btnThem, btnSua, btnLuu, btnHuy
* Yu cu:
- Thit k khng cho ngi dng thao tc (Enabled = false) khi load form:
+ Panel
+ Cc Button Lu, Hy
- iu chnh li thuc tnh (properties) ca DataGridView
+ AllowUserToAddRows = False
+ EditMode = EditProgrammatically
- Khi Form load: a d liu t table KhachHang ln DataGridView (dgvKHACHHANG),
c by li.
- Nhp vo Button ReLoad: load li ni dung table KhachHang ln dgvKHACHHANG
- Nhp vo Button Thm:
+ Xa trng cc i tng trong Panel.
+ Cho php nhp thng tin khch hng vo cc i tng trn Panel
+ Khng cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Thm, Sa, Xa, Thot.
+ Cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Lu, Hy.
- Nhp vo Button Sa:
+ a thng tin ca khch hng ang c chn trong DataGridView ln Panel.
+ Cho php nhp / sa thng tin khch hng vo / trong cc i tng trn Panel.
+ Khng cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Thm, Sa, Xa, Thot.
+ Cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Lu, Hy.
- Nhp vp Button Lu.
+ Insert / Update thng tin khch hng t Panel vo table KhachHang.
+ ReLoad li DataGridView
- Nhp vp Button Hy:
+ Xa trng cc i tng trong Panel.
+ Khng cho php nhp thng tin khch hng vo cc i tng trn Panel
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 79
* Hng dn:
- Thit k b sung Panel vi 4 TextBox v 1 ComboBox, Panel c Enabled = false
- mc class, b sung khai bo bin nh sau:
// Khai bo bin kim tra vic Thm hay Sa d liu
bool Them;
- Hm LoadData(): b sung di hng
on code sau
// Xa trng cc i tng trong Panel
this.txtMaKH.ResetText();
this.txtTenCty.ResetText();
this.txtDiaChi.ResetText();
this.txtDienThoai.ResetText();
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy
this.btnLuu.Enabled = false;
this.btnHuy.Enabled = false;
this.panel.Enabled = false;
// Cho thao tc trn cc nt Thm / Sa / Xa / Thot
this.btnThem.Enabled = true;
this.btnSua.Enabled = true;
this.btnXoa.Enabled = true;
this.btnThoat.Enabled = true;
- Thm: nhp p vo button Thm, b sung on code
// Kich hot bin Them
Them = true;
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 80
// Cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy / Panel
this.btnLuu.Enabled = true;
this.btnHuy.Enabled = true;
this.panel.Enabled = true;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Thm / Xa / Thot
this.btnThem.Enabled = false;
this.btnSua.Enabled = false;
this.btnXoa.Enabled = false;
this.btnThoat.Enabled = false;
// a d liu ln ComboBox
this.cbThanhPho.DataSource = dtThanhPho;
this.cbThanhPho.DisplayMember = "TenThanhPho";
this.cbThanhPho.ValueMember = "ThanhPho";
// a con tr n TextField txtMaKH
this.txtMaKH.Focus();
- Sa: Nhp p vo button Sa, b sung on code

// Kch hot bin Sa
Them = false;
// a d liu ln ComboBox
this.cbThanhPho.DataSource = dtThanhPho;
this.cbThanhPho.DisplayMember = "TenThanhPho";
this.cbThanhPho.ValueMember = "ThanhPho";
// Cho php thao tc trn Panel
// Th t dng hin hnh
// Chuyn thng tin ln panel
this.txtMaKH.Text =
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 81
this.txtTenCty.Text =
this.txtDiaChi.Text =
this.cbThanhPho.SelectedValue =
this.txtDienThoai.Text =
this.btnHuy.Enabled = true;
this.btnThoat.Enabled = false;
this.txtMaKH.Focus();
- Lu: Nhp p vo button Lu, b sung on code

// M kt ni
conn.Open();
// Thm d liu
if (Them)
{
try
{
// Thc hin lnh
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 82
// Lnh Insert InTo
cmd.CommandText = System.String.Concat("Insert
Into KhachHang Values(" + "'" +
this.txtMaKH.Text.ToString() + "','" +
this.txtTenCty.Text.ToString() + "','" +
this.txtDiaChi.Text.ToString() + "','" +
this.cbThanhPho.SelectedValue.ToString() +
"','" + this.txtDienThoai.Text.ToString() +
"')");
// Load li d liu trn DataGridView
LoadData();
// Thng bo
MessageBox.Show(" thm xong!");
}
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng thm c. Li ri!");
}
}
if (!Them)
{
try
{
// Thc hin lnh
// Th t dng hin hnh
// MaKH hin hnh
string strMAKH =
// Cu lnh SQL
cmd.CommandText = System.String.Concat("Update
KhachHang Set TenCty='" +
this.txtTenCty.Text.ToString() + "', DiaChi='"
+ this.txtDiaChi.Text.ToString() + "',
ThanhPho='" +
this.cbThanhPho.SelectedValue.ToString() + "',
DienThoai='" +
this.txtDienThoai.Text.ToString() + "' Where
MaKH='" + strMAKH + "'");
// Cp nht
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 83
LoadData();
// Thng bo
MessageBox.Show(" sa xong!");
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng sa c. Li ri!");
}
}
// ng kt ni
conn.Close();
- Hy: Nhp p vo button Hy, b sung on code
this.btnThoat.Enabled = true;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy / Panel
this.btnHuy.Enabled = false;
Bi Tp
1. Thit k form nh sau:
(cbSanpham, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
. Form load: a d liu t table SanPham ln ComboBox (cbSanPham), km by li.
. Nhp vo Button Thot: dng chng trnh (c hin hp thoi hi / p).
2. a d liu ln DataGridView (nh II. 2) cho cc table: NhanVien, SanPham.
3. Thit k form (nh III) thc hin cc thao tc: Thm, Sa, Xa cho cc table: HoaDon,
ChiTietHoaDon. Lu : Cc field MaKH, MaNV, MaSP th hin di dng ComboBox.
-- oOo --
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 84
Chng 7: XY DNG NG DNG

Bi 12-13-14-15: NG DNG QUN L BN HNG
I. Chun b:
- Tn my c s dng (SERVERNAME) l PC-PC (thay i cho ng my ang dng!)
- Database c s dng (DATABASENAME) l QuanLyBanHang, gm c cc table sau:
+ ThanhPho
+ Sanpham
+ Khachhang
+ Hoadon
+ Nhanvien
+ ChitietHoadon
- Vi quan h (Relationship) nh sau:
- Khi ng SQL Server 2008, to mt DataBase mi c tn QuanLyBanHang, import d

liu t file QuanLyBanHang.mdb
- Khi ng Visual Studio 2008, to mt project mi (Windows Forms Application), lu vi
tn QUANLYBANHANG
II. S dng control:
Cu 01: (Form1 Mn hnh chnh) Thit k nh sau
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 85
* Yu cu:
Khi Form1 c thc hin s th hin mn hnh ng nhp h thng l Form2.
* Hng dn:
- mc class, khai bo hm frmLogin() nh sau:
frm.ShowDialog();
- Form Load:
frmlogin();
Cu 02: (Form2 Mn hnh ng nhp - login)
Vit chng trnh th hin mn hnh ng nhp (login) nh sau:
(txtUser, txtPass, btnDangNhap, btnThoat)

* Yu cu:
- Khi nhp vo nt ng nhp (btnDangNhap) s thc hin kim tra:
+ Nu txtUser = "teonv" v txtPass = "123" th chuyn sang Form1.
+ Ngc li th thng bo "Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt khu !!!"
- Nhp button Thot th hin th thng bo "Chc khng? "
+ Nu chn Yes th kt thc chng trnh.
+ Ngc li th tr li mn hnh ng nhp h thng.
* Hng dn:
- ng nhp: Nhp p vo button btnDangnhap, g vo on code sau
if ((this.txtUser.Text=="teonv")&&(this.txtPass.Text=="123"))
this.Close();
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt
khu !!!","Thng bo");
}
- Thot: Nhp p vo button btnThoat, g vo on code sau
Application.Exit();
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 86
Cu 03: (Form1 H thng Menu)

Thm vo Form1, h thng menu nh sau
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 87
* Hng dn: S dng MenuStrip

Cu 04: (Form1 Menu H thng)
* Yu cu: Trn Form1, vit lnh cho menu h thng nh sau
- Khi chn menu H thng \ ng nhp s thc hin ng nhp li h thng (Form2).
- Khi chn menu H thng \ Thot s dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn:
- Menu H thng \ ng nhp: Nhp p vo menu H thng \ ng nhp, g vo
on code sau:
frmlogin();
- Menu H thng \ Thot: Nhp p vo menu H thng \ ng nhp, g vo on
code sau:
Application.Exit();
III. S dng DataBase:
Cu 05:
a) (Form1 Menu Danh mc)
* Yu cu: Trn Form1, vit lnh cho menu danh mc nh sau
- Vit hm XemDanhMuc(int intDanhMuc) thc hin m Form3 v gnForm3.Text =
intDanhMuc.
- Khi chn menu Xem Danh mc \ <int> s thc hin gi hm XemDanhMuc(<int>),
vi <int> l gi tr tng ng vi danh mc c chn.
* Hng dn:
- mc class, khai bo hm XemDanhMuc(int intDanhMuc) nh sau:
// Hm xemm danh mc
void XemDanhMuc(int intDanhMuc)
{
frm.Text = intDanhMuc.ToString();
frm.ShowDialog();
}
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Thnh Ph: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Thnh Ph, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc(1);
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Khch Hng: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Khch Hng, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc(2);
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Nhn Vin: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Nhn Vin, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc(3);
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Sn Phm: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Sn Phm, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc(4);
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 88
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Ha n: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh mc

\ Danh mc Ha n, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc(5);
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n: Nhp p vo menu Xem
Danh mc \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc(6);
b) (Form3) Thit k Form3 theo mu nh sau
(lblDanhMuc, dgvDANHMUC, btnTroVe)

* Yu cu: Trn Form3
- Khi Form c load s hin th tn table (c chn) ln Label lblDanhMuc v ni
dung ca table ny ln DataGridView dgvDANHMUC.
- Khi nhp vo button Tr V s ng Form3.
* Hng dn:
- mc class, khai bo nh sau:
// Chui kt ni
// i tng kt ni
// i tng a d liu vo DataTable dtTable
SqlDataAdapter daTable = null;
DataTable dtTable = null;
- Form Load
try
{
// X l danh mc
int intDM = Convert.ToInt32(this.Text);
switch (intDM)
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 89
{
case 1:
lblDM.Text = "Danh Mc Thnh Ph";
daTable = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT
ThanhPho, TenThanhPho FROM THANHPHO",
conn);
break;
case 2:
lblDM.Text = "Danh Mc Khch Hng";
daTable = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT MaKH,
TenCTy FROM KHACHHANG", conn);
break;
case 3:
lblDM.Text = "Danh Mc Nhn Vin";
daTable = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT MaNV,
Ho, Ten FROM NHANVIEN", conn);
break;
case 4:
lblDM.Text = "Danh Mc Sn Phm";
daTable = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT MaSP,
TenSP, DonViTinh, DonGia FROM SANPHAM",
conn);
break;
case 5:
lblDM.Text = "Danh Mc Ha n";
daTable = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT MaHD,
MaKH, MaNV FROM HOADON", conn);
break;
case 6:
lblDM.Text = "Danh Mc Chi Tit Ha n";
daTable = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT *
FROM CHITIETHOADON", conn);
break;
default:
break;
}
// Vn chuyn d liu ln DataTable dtTable
dtTable = new DataTable();
dtTable.Clear();
daTable.Fill(dtTable);
dgvDANHMUC.DataSource = dtTable;
// Thay i rng ct
dgvDANHMUC.AutoResizeColumns();
}
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng ly c ni dung trong
table. Li ri!!!");
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 90
}
}
- Tr V: Nhp p vo button Tr V, thm vo on code sau
this.Close();
Cu 06: (Form4 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph )
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph s m
Form4.
- Trn Form4: Thit k nh sau:
(panel, txtThanhPho, txtTenThanhPho, dgvTHANHPHO, btnReLoad, btnThem, btnSua,

btnXoa, btnLuu, btnHuyBo, btnTroVe)
* Hng dn:
a) (Form1 Menu Qun l danh mc n)
- Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph: Nhp p vo menu Qun
l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph, g vo on code sau:
frm.Text = "Qun l Danh mc Thnh Ph";
frm.ShowDialog();
b) (Form4) Thit k Form4 nh mu
- mc class, khai bo nh sau:
// Chui kt ni
// i tng kt ni
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 91

// Khai bo bin kim tra vic Thm hay Sa d liu
bool Them;
void LoadData()
{
try
{
// Vn chuyn d liu ln DataTable dtThanhPho
THANHPHO", conn);
dtThanhPho.Clear();
dgvTHANHPHO.DataSource = dtThanhPho;
// Thay i rng ct
dgvTHANHPHO.AutoResizeColumns();
this.txtThanhPho.ResetText();
this.txtTenThanhPho.ResetText();
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy
this.btnHuyBo.Enabled = false;
// Cho thao tc trn cc nt Thm / Sa / Xa /
Thot
this.btnTroVe.Enabled = true;
}
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng ly c ni dung trong
table THANHPHO. Li ri!!!");
}
}
- Form Load:
LoadData();
- FormClosing:
dtThanhPho.Dispose();
dtThanhPho = null;
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 92
// Hy kt ni
conn = null;
- ReLoad: Nhp p vo button ReLoad, thm vo on code sau
LoadData();
- Tr V: Nhp p vo button Tr V, thm vo on code sau
this.Close();
- Thm: Nhp p vo button Thm, thm vo on code sau
// Kich hot bin Them
Them = true;
this.btnHuyBo.Enabled = true;
this.btnTroVe.Enabled = false;
// a con tr n TextField txtThanhPho
this.txtThanhPho.Focus();
- Sa: Nhp p vo button Sa, thm vo on code sau
// Kch hot bin Sa
Them = false;
// Cho php thao tc trn Panel
// Th t dng hin hnh
int r = dgvTHANHPHO.CurrentCell.RowIndex;
// Chuyn thng tin ln panel
this.txtThanhPho.Text =
dgvTHANHPHO.Rows[r].Cells[0].Value.ToString();
this.txtTenThanhPho.Text =
this.btnHuyBo.Enabled = true;
this.btnTroVe.Enabled = false;
this.txtThanhPho.Focus();
- Xa: Nhp p vo button Xa, thm vo on code sau
// M kt ni
conn.Open();
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 93
try
{
// Thc hin lnh
// Ly th t record hin hnh
// Ly MaKH ca record hin hnh
string strTHANHPHO =
// Vit cu lnh SQL
cmd.CommandText = System.String.Concat("Delete From
ThanhPho Where ThanhPho='" + strTHANHPHO + "'");
// Thc hin cu lnh SQL
// Cp nht li DataGridView
LoadData();
// Thng bo
MessageBox.Show(" xa xong!");
}
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng xa c. Li ri!");
}
// ng kt ni
conn.Close();
- Hy B: Nhp p vo button Hy B, thm vo on code sau
this.btnTroVe.Enabled = true;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy / Panel
this.btnHuyBo.Enabled = false;
- Lu: Nhp p vo button Lu, thm vo on code sau
// M kt ni
conn.Open();
// Thm d liu
if (Them)
{
try
{
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 94
// Thc hin lnh

// Lnh Insert InTo
cmd.CommandText = System.String.Concat("Insert
Into ThanhPho Values(" + "'" +
this.txtThanhPho.Text.ToString() + "','" +
this.txtTenThanhPho.Text.ToString() + "')");
LoadData();
// Thng bo
MessageBox.Show(" thm xong!");
}
{
MessageBox.Show("Khng thm c. Li ri!");
}
}
if (!Them)
{
// Thc hin lnh
// Th t dng hin hnh
// MaKH hin hnh
string strTHANHPHO =
// Cu lnh SQL
cmd.CommandText = System.String.Concat("Update
ThanhPho Set TenThanhPho='" +
this.txtTenThanhPho.Text.ToString() + "' Where
ThanhPho='" + strTHANHPHO + "'");
// Cp nht
LoadData();
// Thng bo
MessageBox.Show(" sa xong!");
}
// ng kt ni
conn.Close();
Cu 07: (Form5 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Khch Hng)
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 95
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Khch Hng s m
Form5.
- Trn Form5: thit k nh sau
Cu 08: (Form6 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Nhn Vin)

* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Nhn Vin s m
Form6.
Cu 09: (Form7 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Sn Phm)

* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Sn Phm s m
Form7.
Lu hnh ni b
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Cu 10: (Form8 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Ha n)

* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Ha n s m
Form8.
Cu 11: (Form9 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n)

* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n s
m Form9.
Lu hnh ni b
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Cu 11: (Form10 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Khch hng theo thnh ph)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Khch hng theo Thnh
Ph s m Form10.
Cu 12: (Form11 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Khch hng)
* Yu cu:
Lu hnh ni b
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- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Khch
hng s m Form11.
Cu 13: (Form12 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Sn phm)

* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Sn phm
s m Form12.
t thc hin
Cu 14: (Form13 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Nhn vin)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Nhn vin
s m Form13.
t thc hin
Cu 15: (Form14 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Chi tit ha n theo Ha
n)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Chi tit ha n theo Ha
n s m Form14.
t thc hin
Cu 16: (Form15 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ a cp)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: b sung menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Qun l a cp, v khi
chn s m Form15.
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 99
-- Ht --
Lu hnh ni b
Trang 100

Giao Trinh Lap Trinh Wed Nhat Nghe 5qfxRRWo8I 20140211033115 65671 PDF

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Lu hnh ni b

C# mang n sc mnh ca C++ cng vi s d dng ca ngn ng Visual Basic.

* Mc nh: Visual Studio 2008 (Visual Studio .NET) s to ra tp tin Program.cs

IV. Quy tc lp trnh, ng dng Console Application

7. Ton t '. '

Console.WriteLine("Do dai Ho va Ten la: {0}",dodai) ;

where (generic type constraint)

where (query clause)

* Bng trnh by cc k t c bit

2. Chuyn i kiu d liu

9. Vit chng trnh nhp vo s nguyn dng n. In ra mn hnh:

--- oOo ---

Chng 2: XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

M hp ToolBox: Menu View | ToolBox cha cc control

Bc 4: Thit k Form Vit code

Thit k form: Nhp vo

Vit code: Nhp vo

View Designer (trong ca s Solution Explorer)

Bc 5: chy chng trnh, nhn F5 hoc nhp vo nt

C1. Vo menu File | New | Project

b. Ca s thit vit code:

b1. C1. Vo menu Project | Add New Item

* Bng trnh by cc phng thc (Method) x l trn chui

- Chn hoc khng chn CheckBox Ghi nh (Name: chkNho)

- Form1: c thit k nh sau

- Form2: c thit k nh sau

(txtUser, txtPass, btnDangnhap, btnThoat)

(txtsSo1, txtSo2, txtKQ, btnCong, btnTru, btnNhan, btnChia, btnXoa)

(txtB, txtC, btnGiai, txtKQ)

--- oOo ---

Bi 4: (tip theo) XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

- Nhp p vo button Reset ri thm on code sau:

+ Nhp p chut vo nn form, ri g on code

Hnh cha trong PictureBox

IV. Common Dialog (Hp thoi dng chung)

( lblChucMung, Timer1, btnDungChay, btnThoat)

(txtN, txtM, rad1, rad2, txtKQ, btnTinh, btnXoa, btnThoat)

Chng 3: ARRAY - STRING - EXCEPTION

6. Duyt mng 1 chiu:

foreach (int phantu in a){

V d 5.2: (Mng 5 s nguyn)

for (int j = 0; j < socot; j++)

Bi 6: (tip theo) STRING (CHUI) EXCEPTION (NGOI L)

// Ch ra v tr xut hin ca s="TRNH X L" trong

- Nhp vo button CountOfWord: m s t trong chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong

Chng 4: CLASS OBJECT METHOD

string tenchuongtrinh = "Chng trnh x l h v tn!";

// i thnh ch Hoa u T trong chui txtHoTen

- Nhp button Xa th xa trng: TextBox txtHoTen, Label lblKQ ng thi a con tr

Thuc tnh l nhng thng tin c th thay i c.

- Nhp p vo button Xa, thm vo on code:

Chng 5: SQL SERVER 2008

3. Kha chnh ca bng (Primary Key)

(c kha chnh l MADONVI)

- Mt ct (hoc tp hp cc ct) (field/trng/thuc tnh) trong mt bng m gi tr ca

6. Quy tc s dng tn trong SQL

III. Table (Bng)

To bng NHANVIEN gm cc field MANV (m nhn vin), HOTEN (h v tn),

FOREIGN KEY [(danh_sch_ct)]

B sung vo bng DONVI v d 8.5, ct GHICHU

6. Thm field GHICHU vo table DONVI

IV. Cc cu lnh truy vn

INSERT INTO luong_nhanvien