Comprehention-2

Thermodynamic process is defined as path by which state of system changes.There are generally
five types of T.D. processes(i)Isothermal process dT 0 (ii)Isobaric process
(iv)Adiabatic process q 0

dP 0

(iii)Isochoric process dV 0

(v)Cyclic process Initial & final states will be same

Classification of thermodynamics processes on the basis of the way these processes are
carried out:
1. Reversible process
2. Irreversible process/spontaneous process/Natural process.

Reversible process : If a process is carried out in such a manner so that the system is
always in thermodynamic equilibrium at every stage of the process.
OR
If the process is carried out such that the difference in driving force and opposing force is
infinitesimally small so that process takes place at infinitesimally slow rate.
Fdriving Fopposin g dF and dF 0
An ideal reversible process will take infinite time to get completed.

Irreversible process : If a process is carried out in such a manner so that the system is in
thermodynamic equilibrium only at initial & final state of the process but not at the
intermediate stages.(or system should be in thermodynamic equilibrium state at some finite
number of intermediate stages only - for example - n step irreversible expansion of a gas)
OR
If during the process there is a finite difference in driving force and opposing force so that process
takes place with a finite rate.
Irreversible processes will get completed in finite time.
Q.1

For a system containing Ideal gas correct statements are-

(a) PV nRT can be applied throughout the reversible process.

(b) PV nRT cannot be applied throughout the irreversible process.
(c) PV nRT can be applied throughout the irreversible process.
(d) PV nRT cannot be applied throughout the reversible process.

Q.2 True/False
A process may be reversible/irreversible for a system but always reversible for surrounding.
Q.3 Given graph is for-

(a)reversible process
(c)both

(b)Irreversible process
(d)none

Q.4 Number of steps involved in process areP

(a)1

(b)2

(c)3

(d)4

Answers
1.(a)(b)

2.(T)

3.(a)

4.(c)