Raorsaron) MiCOM ALSTOM pzss POC ecca rey The MiCOM ALSTOM P746 centralised numerical busbar protection provides complete protection for all voltage levels up to extra voltage busbar configurations. Proven techniques and dynamic topology processing algorithms offer a combination of security, speed and high sensitivity. [With atypical operating time of 12 ms with changing topology of che busbar, which HB/HS contact option, or 17 ms with can be displayed on any PC via the standard contacts, the P746 protection is substation realtime dynamic monitoring ane ofthe fastest in its class. Moreover, the toa trips can be synchronous or sequential Folly compatible with the IEC 61850-, The MICOM ALSTOM P746 differential Courier, DNP3.0, Modbus and IEC103, busbar protection provides a centralised 2 protocols, the P746 is easily integrated into ‘box or 3-box architecture and is very simple any substation system. The substation to use: It doesnot need to be heavy replica processing algorithms ensure that engineered and supports easy operations the P746 adapts to the dynamically and maintenance ofthe busbar. Customer Benefits + Fast fault trip (typically 21-15ms and arms) + Synchronous or sequential trip + Adapted to simple busbar configurations IEC 61850-8.1 compliant + Can operate with differen types of CT + Programmable function keys, hotkeys and tr-colour LEDsNumerical busbar protection | PROTECTION Application ‘The MiCOM ALSTOM Pras centralised numerical usbar protection has been designed to protect a wide range of busbar «configurations: ‘box made - Pras + 3-box mode ~ one P746 per phase (Inthe 3-box mode, the units are totaly independent and not linked to each other.) ‘The MICOM ALSTOM Pras can ‘accommodate: Up to 2 zones plus check zone for 3 or '3-box mode and up to 4 zones fer dual 2 or +3-box modes: -1.VI, up to 6 CTs, 6 breakers and 12 Isolators withthe 1-box mod solution + 2VTs, upto 12 CTs, 12 breakers and 24 ‘solators withthe dual 2-box mode solution + 2VIs, upto 18 CTs, 18 breakers and 36 Isolators withthe 3-box mode solution +2VT5, up to 36 CTs, 36 breakers and 72 isolators withthe dual 3-box mode solution ‘The MICOM ALSTOM P7A6 is associated with each CT location, usually one per incomer/feeder and one or two for each bus coupler /ous section. The P46 acquires the analogue signals from the associated CT and the binary signals from the auxiliary contacts ofthe circuit breakers and isolators. ‘The P746 also incorporates the main circuit breaker fllure logic together with addtional protection Functions (dead zone, overcurrent, etc.) The P746, particularly useful in double busbar applications, allows {high numberof opto inputs (yp to 40) and relay outpts (upto 32), function keys and offers ethernet or a second rear port board option Topology scheme examples Cost optimised to suit simple busbar configurationsNeco Ba eed ANSI ec61850 new Pras. e7aB/P ___PhsPOIF Phase segregated biased current differential high speed busbar protection e7cz/P_GaPPOIF (Check zone segregated biased phase current diferential high speed busbar protection S0/si/P __OcpPTOC Phase overcurrent protection (2 stages) 50/52 /N _EfmPTOC Earth overcurrent protection (2 stages) SOST/P __DzpPhsPTOC Dead zone phase protection (short zone between CT and open CBs) os Current transformer supervision vis Voltage transformer supenision 508F RBRF Breaker failure protection (LBB) ISL isolator discrepancy alarm Opt6cIO Digital inputs Tete RWVEGIO Output relays ewe Front communications por (RS232) Rear coramurications port (Kbus/EIA(RS)4a5) Rear communications port (ethernet) * Option Time synchronisation port (RIG-B)* Option | FakGGIO Function keys 30 TedGGI0 Programmable t-colour LEDS i * Refer datasheet for model selection Management functions Functional overview In addition tothe protection and control elements, the P746 provides a wide range of measurement, monitoring, post fault “analysis and self diagnostic features: + Tip circuit supervision (using PSL) + On-line measurement + Plant status monitoring « balternative settings groups - Programmable logic (PSL) + Sequence of event recording (SOE) + Comprehensive faut records Comprehensive disturbance recording (waveform capture) + User configurable function keys & hotkeys + User configurable tr-colour LEDs + Local and remote communications ports + Time synchronisation + Fully customisable menu texts + Muitlevl password protection Test facilities + Power-up diagnostics and continuous se monitoring of relay + User friendly settings, analysis and monitoring softwareNumerical busbar protection | PROTECTION ‘The primary protection element ofthe P74 isthe phase segregated biased current differemtal protection. The technique is based on the numerical application of Kirchof's Law for the selective detection and high-speed isolation of a faulty section ‘ofthe busbar. To ensure the adaptability of the relay to any type of busbar configuration, the P46 is but with 2 riversal topology processing algorithm. This algorithm determines the optimum tripping zone based on the current status of the plant isolators or/and circuit breakers. ‘The P746 employs biased differential algorithms where te differential curtent is ‘compared with a bias current. This characteristic ensures the stability of the protection for external faults, even with differing CT tolerance and errors which ould lead to spurious operation. Tolincrease the security ofthe differential protection, the based differential element is supervised by a biased global check zone clement. This ensures stability even under ‘erroneous status ofthe aviary contact of Plant isolators and circuit breakers. ‘The MiCOM ALSTOM P46 also employs CT ‘supervision and an innovative external fault detection algorithm - the current phase ‘comparison. Ths ensures stably when CTs become saturated. This technique is heavy CT saturation proof and stl ips on ‘evolving to an internal fault. Multiple tripping criteria ‘The P76 maintains the highest level of stability under al conditions, including hardware failure and incoherent signals applied from external plat or generated by the power system. Any vipping order must therefore be made conditional tothe Simultaneous occurrence of atleast five criteria: (Magnitude criteria Confirmation of two simultaneous ‘thresholds per zone: + Exceeding te bias slope characteristic (k2) « Exceeding differential operating current threshold (1022) f(t) loca to? loot eneeccet arnt yoy + he nergaret Hafan (tf [2] Universal online topolog (Check zone supervision ‘The zone element(s) are only permitted to trip f the order is confirmed by the check zone element: + Exceeding the bias slope characteristic (Kez) + Exceeding differential operating current threshold (1OCZ>2) Current phase comparison criteria, Optional voltage criteria - Undervoltage Ue OR, Vie OR - Negative sequence overvltage V2> OR + Tero sequence avervoltage 3V0> eee: Hua Babe leo BeeNumerical busbar protection | PROTECTION Synchronus or sequential tripping ‘The P746 allows delaying every or each ‘ringing contact. This is highly recommended for highspeed disconnection ‘ofthe bar from the grid and delayed trip of the generation feeders. Dead zone or blind spot protection ‘The curent transformers ar the open isolators surrounding the busbars define the limits of the main zones. When a feeder isolators opened, @ dead zone or blind spot is created tothe associated CT. The P746 detect tis condition automatically and provides protection for this zone. One stage of definite time delayed overcurrent and ‘earth faut protection i also provided. Continuous supervision of current circuits ‘The P74s detects any abnormality in the current circuit by continuously monitoring it Under normal operating conditions the differential current willbe negligible. An anomaly is detected by a threshold, D>, which can be set to alarm from 10.8 primary. Continuous supervision of current transformers, Curent transformer supervision is provided to detect loss of phase CT input signals. Using the “differential CTS" feature (patented), the relay performs an inteligent ‘comparison of the negative sequence ‘current imbalance at all T terminals to determine which, if any, CTs have failed. This comparison detects all CT shorts, open Greuits and wiring disconnections without ‘an inherent time delay. Operation ofthe ifferetial protection can be blocked during the failure, or alternatively, temporarily desenstsed to avoid an unwanted trip. The CTS thus assures real-time stability of ifferental elements. Differential current settings Circuit breaker failure protection ‘When switching operations are carried out. (LBB) inthe substation, incorrect topology replicas The P746 offers an in-uilt integrated may occur. In this case acfferental current solution for breaker failure protection ‘appears. The diferential elements of the In general the breaker failure protection is MiCOM ALSTOM P7«6 are allowed to ‘executed on a per phase basis which ‘operate only ifthe ferential current involves the possibilty of receiving tripping reaches a threshold ID>2, whichis normally orders ona per pole bass, The MICOM set above the highest load current when no ALSTOM P76 busbar protection can also voltage criteria is used. ‘work in co-ordination with external breaker failure protection relays. In this Phase overcurrent and earth fault «configuration, the receipt of an external protection breaker failure command results in the ‘Two independent stages of phase tripping of all the adjacent circuit breakers, ‘overcurrents and earth fault protection are via the topological recognition system provided in the MICOM ALSTOM P76, knowing wich breaker is connected to These elements provide additional which zone, protection for the individual circuits. The ‘two stages can be programmed as: Current transformer mixing correction ‘The MiCOM ALSTOM Pras can correct @ «Fits stage can be programmed as definite ‘mix between current transformer ratios over time (BT) delay or one ofthe nine inverse _@ Very wide range (upto 20). Is associated ‘ime (IDMT) curves (IEC/ UK and user interface provides a range between 2 A IEEE/ US), ‘and 30 000 A primary. Since the current ‘transformer ratings ina substation «Second stage can only be programmed as __—_-may be of mixed ratios, the P746 uses a efnite time, virtual CT rato equa ta setable reference current/, irrespective of the feeder section, concerned Isolator closed Isolator closed CB open Dead Zone 746 Feeders not connected Dead zone ratNumerical busbar protection | PROTECTION Isolation and maintenance operating Programmable scheme logic Remote HMI mode Powerful programmable leg (PSL) allows The realtime remete HMI software alows the user to customise the protection and the user to monitor the position of CBs and For ease of operation or maintenance of the busbar protection sytem, the P746 can «control functions. Its also usedto program isolators in the busbar scheme, as well as, receive specie commands designed to the functionality ofthe optcaly slated currents alarms, et. «allow system testing or other interventions inputs, relay outputs and tr-colour LED without any danger of unwanted tiping indications. The programmable logic Measurement and recording facilities Inthe MiCOM ALSTOM P746, centralised comprises gate logic and general purpose The 9746 is capable of measuring and ‘command to isolate the busbarscan be timers. The gate ogicincludes OR, AND and sorng the values associated with a ful. ll selectively applied per zone: majority gate functions, with the ably to the event, fault records and disturbance invert the inputs and outputs end provide records are time tagged ta ms using an + Differential protection (8788) and circuit _‘feedback The programmable logic is internal realtime clock. An optional breaker failure protection (S0BF) blocked «configured using the graphical MiCOM IRIG-8 ports aso provided for accurate ~The additional loca protection functions ALSTOM St PC based support software. time synchronisation. A lithium battery (64, 51N, et.) remain operational provides aback up forthe rea time clock Plant status and all record in the event of supply failure ‘Checks and monitoring ofthe plat status ‘an be made and an alarm raised for any discrepancy condition between the open and closed auxliary contacts of the isolators and circuit breakers =z =EEE — vee eam oe Programmable scheme lgic eit (wicom atsToM s1) Remote HMINumerical busbar protection | PROTECTION Measurement ‘The measurements provided, which may be viewed in primary or secondary values, can be accessed via the back it liquid crystal cisplay. They are also accessible via the ‘communications ports. The following instantaneous parameters can be viewed: “Phase current magnitude i and/or 1B and/or iC + Phase curent angle i and/or 1B and/or IC + Voltage magnitude and angle + Frequency = Differential curentIdff/ phase / zone «Bias current bias / phase / zone “Check zane If / phase + Check zone Ibias / phase Event recorder Up to 512 time tagged event records are stored in battery backed memory and can be ‘extracted va the communications port or be viewed on the front panel display. Fault recorder Records ofthe last five faults are stored in the battery backed memory. Each fault record includes: + Faulted phase + Indication ofthe faulty zone «Date and time + Active setting group + Fault duration| + Cutrents, frequency and voltage Distrubance recorder ‘The P746 has an independent disturbance recording facility. Itcan record 18 analogue ‘and 32 digital channels in addition to 2 time channel Specific analogue channels: + VAN, VBN and VEN “1A, IC for each CT in 2-box mode Ix; to bee (cis A oF B ar C) in 3-box made Disturbance record viewed in Sa ‘Maximum duration of one record and numberof record: upto 10.5 sper record and minimum of 50 records, 2.5 s (memory of 755). Disturbance records can be extracted from the relay via the remote communications and saved in the COMTRADE format. These records may be examined using $1 or any other standard COMTRADE viewer. Fast, sensitive & secure - P746 - the centralised solution for busbar protectionLocal and remote communications Two communications ports are available as standard: a rear port providing remote ‘communications and a front port providing local communications. Asan option, an «ethernet board can be added in the P74 ‘and P743s to use the IEC61850-8.1 protocol ‘The front RS232 pot is designed for use withthe MiCOM ALSTOM Sa, which fully ‘supports functions within te relay by proving the ability to program the settings offline, configure the programmable scheme logic, extract and view event, disturbance and fault records, view the measurement information dynamically and perform control functions (using the Courier protocol), ‘The default remote communications protocol is Courier / RS 485 or bus and ‘can be converted to IEC 60870-5-103. An ‘optional second rear Courier ‘communications port is available, which may be configured as RS232, RS48S or K Bus, EC 61850 is available when the ‘optional ethernet port is ordered. IEC 61850 offers high-speed data exchange, per-to peer communications, reporting, disturbance record extraction and time ‘smchronsation. ‘Alstom Grid Worldwide Contact Centre ‘wow grd.alstom.com/contactcentre/ Tel: +44 (0) 2785 250070, wow.gridalstom.com Nee aero) e track record Low impedance biased differential busbar protection, MBCZ, launched in 2988 and over 7000 cubicles sol since its launch in 1992, ‘Over 200 DIFB, medium impedance biased diferetial busbar protection schemes delivered ‘Medium impedance biased differential busbar protection with near current combination, DIFB Cl, launched in 1996, Over 70 cubicles delivered. Diagnostics ‘Automatic tests performed, including power ‘on diagnostics and continuous sf ‘monitoring, ensure a high degree of reliability, The results ofthe self-test functions are stored in battery backed memory. Test features avaiable va the user interface provide examination of input ‘quantities and states ofthe digital inputs and relay autputs. A local monitor port provides digital outputs selected from 2 presrived list of signals, including the status of protection elements GRID Since the launch ofthe P740, over 700 systems have been delivered Hardware The MICOM ALSTOM P746 includes: =A backlit quid crystal display LEDs: 18 tr-colour + Function keys + Hotkeys + RS232 (front port) & RSHES /K:bus (rear port) Optional ethernet rear communications board or + Optional second rear communications board + Optional 1R\G-8 port = Download/monitor por. «= Battery (supervised) + N/O and C/0 watchdog contacts + Supervised +48 V field vokage + CTinputs 1 Aand 5 A + Universal opto inputs with programmable voltage threshold. The optically coated inputs are independent and may be powered from the +48 V field voltage. ALSTOM