4:00 2 hrs 06 /ilo7 EXAMS OFFICE USE ONLY. HALL-29- BAL University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Course or topic No(s) Course or topic name(s) Paper Number & title ExaminationFest* to be held during month(s) of (*delete as applicable) Year of Study (Arts & Sclence leave blank) Degree/Diplomas for which This course is prescribed (Bsc (Eng) shoal indicate which branch) Faculty/ies presenting candidates Internal examiner(s) and ‘Telephone extension number(s) External examiner(s) Special materials required (craphimusiclcrawing paper, maps, dagrams, ables, computer cards, ete.) Time allowance Instructions to candidates (Examiners may wish to use this space to indicate, inter alia, the contribution ‘made by this examination or test towards the year mark, if appropriate) CIVN2004 ENGINEERING PLANNING AND DESIGN NOVEMBER 2007 SECON. | BSc(Eng) ENGINEERING AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT PROF. CS JAMES x 77115 DR A ILEMOBADE x 77153 MR C J BROOKER Course No(s) CIVN2004 ure 2 ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS Internal Examiners or Heads of Department are requested to sign the declaration overleatQUESTION 1 A short book is to be produced for an introductory course on Civil Engineering Planning and Design. Write a section for this book on the Engineering Method, outlining the steps to be followed in producing an engineering design, and explaining the purpose of each step. (8 marks, 20 mins) QUESTION 2 Discuss the “systems approach” for addressing complexity in engineering problems. You should provide a definition of a system, describe its characteristics, and explain how the approach can be used to divide a complex system into manageable parts for analysis. You may provide the explanation by way of example if you wish, (7 marks, 15 mins) QUESTION 3 Using text and diagrams, write a short article for a technical encyclopaedia to explain the different types of dams used for storing water in rivers. (12 marks, 30 mins) Professor Brown teaches Applied Programming to 3rd year civil engineering undergraduate students at Wits. Operations Research is one of five iopics to be covered in the Applied Programming course. Prof Brown has written a leading textbook on Operations Research which is used in many engineering departments in South Aftica. For the upcoming semester, Prof Brown selects his own book as the only book for the course which will generate an additional R20,000 in royalties for him when the books are sold. a. Above is an ethical issue. Why are ethical issues generally controversial? (1% mark, 2% mins) b, What do you understand by ‘Conflict of Interest"? (1% mark, 2% mins) ©. Does Professor Brown have a conflict of interest? Explain your answer. (2 marks, 5 mins) d. How would you protect yourself if you were involved in a Conflict of Interest in the future? (2 marks, 5 mins)intenance plan for a very busy road with two-lanes in each direction, you have been asked to carry out a simulation exercise to determine the number of vehicles waiting to cross a robot-controlled intersection during a critical 30-minute period. You are also to determine the total length of roadway occupied by the vehicles waiting to cross the intersection, By default, the robot has been programmed to be open (i.e, green and amber lights) for 2 minutes and to be closed (ie. red light) for 1 minute. It is estimated that a maximum of 12 vehicles per lane per minute can cross the intersection when the robot is open. On average, each car occupies 6 metres of roadway length in a stationary position. For this road category, traffic guidelines discourage traffic backup for more than 150 metres due to the negative effects of congestion upstream. The table below represents the number of cars approaching the robot during the 30 minute period. Start of | Number of] Number of | Lengih oF Green vehicles | vehicles behind | roadway light | approaching the | the robot atthe | occupied (mins) | “robotin the | end ofthe | (metres) preceding 3 | Amber light 0 o 3 32 | 6 a 5 3 2 oF 5 @ | 18 54 | 21 ii 24 37 ~ 7 2 a 30 a 3 3 Devise a model to simulate the number of vehicles waiting to cross the intersection at the end of each Amber light. a, _ Express your model symbolically and explain how it works. (2 marks, 5 mins) b. Use your model to simulate the number of cars waiting to cross the intersection at the end of each Amber light. (4 marks, 10 mins) c. Calculate the total length of roadway (metres) occupied by all the cars at the end of each Amber light. (2 marks, 5 mins) 4. If there are one or more violations of the traffic guidelines pertaining to traffic backup (150 metres) at the end of an Amber light, explain how you would determine an appropriate duration for the robot to be open that would ensure traffic guidelines are not violated, Also, calculate this duration (4marks, 10 mins) e. Use your model to simulate the number of cars waiting to cross the intersection at the end of the Amber light using the duration calculated in (d). Also calculate the total length of roadway (metres) occupied by all the cars at the end of each Amber light. (4 marks, 10 mins)