BIMC Patient Handout

Testicular Self-Exam
What is a testicular self-exam?
A testicular self-exam (TSE) is a monthly exam a man can do himself to check for
testicular cancer.
Although testicular cancer is rare in teenage males, overall it is the most common cancer
in males between the ages of 15 and 35. It's important to try to do a TSE every month
so you can become familiar with the normal size and shape of your testicles, making it
easier to tell if something feels different or abnormal in the future.
When is the best time to examine my testicles?
TSE should be performed once a month after a warm bath or shower. The warm
temperature and water causes the scrotal skin to relax, making it easier to find a lump
or mass. The procedure itself is simple and only takes a few minutes.
How do I do a testicular self-exam?
A testicular self-exam consists of the following steps:
Step 1: Stand in front of a mirror. Examine the scrotum visually for swelling.
Step 2: Examine each testicle separately by rolling the testicle between your
thumb and the index and middle fingers of both hands. It is normal for one testicle
to be slightly larger than the other.
Step 3: Check for lumps, swelling, or a change in size or consistency of the
testicle.
Step 4: Feel the epididymis, a cord-like structure, on the top and back of each
testicle, that stores and transports sperm. Don't interpret this as an abnormality.
When should I call the health care provider?
If you notice any swelling, lumps, or changes in the size or color of a testicle, or if you
have any pain or achy areas in your groin, see your health care provider as soon as
possible, preferably within a week. Testicular cancer is almost always curable if it is
caught and treated early.