EBOLA VIRUS (EBOV) EPIDEMIC AMOUNG WEST AFRICA

COUNTRIES

OUTLINE:

Ebola Virus (EBOV).

Signs and symptoms of Ebola Virus.
Ebola genome
Ebola pathogenesis.
Antibody therapy for Ebola virus.
Transfusion therapy.
Antiviral treatment.
Potential and emerging treatment for Ebola Virus.

ABSTACT:
Objective: To depict new emerging Ebola virus from different angles relevant to its
pathophysiology and the treatment options and how to prevent from Ebola virus disease.
Data Sources: A PubMed literature search and other search engine tools by using the search
term Ebola virus and treatment relevant to this disease.
Study Selection and Data Extraction: Human and animal studies which were published within
the past 12 years were the main focus of this review.
Data Synthesis: Ebola virus is severe and life threatening disease and was primarily identified in
West Africa in 1976. Ebola virus is RNA virus and is transferred by close contact with an
infected animal or patient suffering from this disease. Ebola virus (EBOV) is viral hemorrhagic
fever (VHF). Symptoms of the Ebola virus disease are abdominal pain, fatigue, Nausea or
vomiting, diarrhea, fever, headache, sore throat, unexplained bleeding, spontaneous abortion or
miscarriage, hiccups, rash. Symptoms can be appeared in between 2 to 21 days after being
infected with Ebola virus. Several drugs and vaccines are in the process of development and may
be given to individual patients on the basis of their case study. ZMapp is a drug which
compromise three monoclonal antibodies and is used for the treatment of Ebola virus. These
antibodies bind to the Ebola virus, which make it less harmful. Brincidofovir, TKM-Ebola, and
favipiravir have been used during this outbreak disease. Several medications such as amiodarone,
chloroquine, and clomiphene may avoid the transmission of Ebola virus. Two vaccines are
available for Ebola viruses which are experimentally applied in non-human primates (NHPs) and
others are in development stage. The first was based on chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 3
technologies (cAd3-EBO) and the second was based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus
(rVSV). Both vaccines are in early stage development in humans, but both have shown excellent
efficacy to prevent Ebola virus transmission in non-human primates.
Conclusion: Ebola virus is fatal, and treatment options are limited. Several existing and
experimental therapies may be used to treat Ebola virus disease (EBV) which will be discussed
in this review article.