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Theory Lokasi
Theory Lokasi
1.
2.
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4.
Theory
Land Use
Pelopor
Industrial Location
Production Orientation
Weber/ Smith/ Isard/
Moses
Central Places
Market Areas
Spatial Competition
Christaller / Losch
Hotelling
Objectives
Weber:
Transport-cost minimizing
Thunen:
location
Optimal agricultural land Smith:
uses based on transport Profit maximization
costs to market
Moses:
Alonso:
Optimal combination of
Optimal distances of
inputs & optimal level of
residential and
production at optimal
commercial land uses
location (allowing for scale
from CBD
(dis-economies and
substitutability at any one
level of production)
Assumptions
Thunen:
Central market with
given prices
Given production
independent of
function (no
location (uniform
substitution & no
technologies + no
economies of scale)
scale economies)
prices at markets are
Linear transport
given
cost/distance
functions
Alonso:
Mono-centric city
Christaller:
Uniform spatial
distribution of
households
Households have
homogeneous
demand functions
Transport costs
can be allocated
to invidual goods
(i.e.no multifunction trips)
Uniform spatial
distribution of (price- &
distance-inelastic)
demand; One competitor
(=spatial duopoly);
Production costs are
independent of location
Supply
Demand
Dispersed
Localized
Localized
Localized
Localized
Dispersed
Localized
Dispersed (in onedimensional space
[=line])
Theory
Land Use
Pelopor
Industrial Location
Production Orientation
Weber/ Smith/ Isard/ Moses
Weber:
Material Index (MI)
lines)
Isodapane surfaces
Critical isodapane
Major Analytical
Tools
Photos
Graphic
Representation(s)
See also:
Transport Grad
ients
Supply and De
mand Graphs
Rent functions
Margin of cultivation
Alonso: Bid rent(price)
function
Central Places
Market Areas
Christaller / Losch
Smith:
Space cost curves,
ty"
Predoehl/Moses:
Principle of substitution
/outlay lines.
Spatial Competition
Hotelling
Hierarchical principles
Threshold range (=spatia Can be interpreted as 2l break-even point)
person zero-sum game;
Payoff matrix; Edgeworth
Range of a good
box with reaction curves
Spatial demand curve (
"cone")
V
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n
T
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n
W
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Chirstaller
Losch : Weber
L Teori Lokasi dari August Losch melihat persoalan
L
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a
Aksesbilitas
Salah satu faktor lokasi adalah tingkat aksesibilitas.
Tingkat aksesibilitas adalah:
tingkat kemudahan untuk mencapai suatu lokasi ditinjau
dari lokasi lain di sekitarnya.
Tingkat aksesibilitas dipengaruhi oleh:
1. Jarak
2. Kondisi sarana dan prasarana perhubungan,
3. Pemilihan jalur yang dilalui terkait dengan waktu
tempuh, tingkat keamananan dan kenyamanan.
Gravitasi