Section E: Chemistry in Society

a)

i)

Nitrogen air; hydrogen natural gas

ii)

450C and 200 atmospheres pressure

iii) It is liquefied
iv)

Re-cycled

b) NH3 + HNO3 NH4NO3

2

a)

Bitumen making roads / making roofs; kerosene jet aircraft fuel

b) i)
ii)

Gasoline + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

Shortage of oxygen / air

c)

Heat the crude oil in a round-bottomed flask. Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of
the vapours distilling over and collect those between 80C and 120C. Condense the vapours by
passing them through a Liebig condenser.

a)

Hydrogen and carbon.

b) They condense at different heights according to their different boiling points.

c)

Gasoline petrol for cars; Bitumen making roads / making roofs.

d) Any two from: refinery gases, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil.

e)

a)

i)

Carbon dioxide and water

ii)

Carbon monoxide is produced. Carbon monoxide is poisonous as it reduces the capacity of

blood to carry oxygen.

i)

Limestone and coke.

ii)

Slag / calcium silicate

Chemistry Revision Guide

iii) Carbon monoxide is produced. Carbon monoxide is poisonous as it reduces the capacity of
blood to carry oxygen.

iii) C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g)

iv)
b) i)
ii)

CO2
Oxygen and water.
Zinc. The coating of zinc prevents the iron from coming into contact with water and
oxygen.
OR
Zinc is more reactive than iron and therefore corrodes in preference to the iron.

iii) It is coated in oil.

5

a)

i)

Limestone

iii) Iron ore (in any order)

v)
b) i)

ii)

Coke

iv) Molten slag

Molten iron
Reaction 1

ii)

Carbon dioxide; it loses oxygen

c)

It is poisonous / toxic.

d) It is too reactive / it is more reactive than carbon / it cannot be reduced by carbon monoxide.
6

a)

i)

Electrolysis

iii) A is +; B is
v)
b) i)
ii)
7

a)

ii)
Chemistry Revision Guide
2

iv) Aluminium oxide and cryolite

Oxygen
Carbon dioxide / carbon monoxide. Formed when the electrode reacts with the oxygen
produced.

Di-amine
Di-carboxylic acid

iii)

c)

Carbon / graphite

Electricity

Condensation

b) i)

ii)

Low; weak; molecules.