trB-113

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P.LJ.T.

1.O

(Programmable Unijunction Tbansistor)

OBIECTT1ZES

After you complete the laboratory activities you should be able to:

1.1

Understand P.U.T. operation and biasing

1.2 Measure

P.U.T. characteristics and determine P.U.T.

parameters (voltage, current).

1-.3 Construct P.U.T. oscillator

1.4
2.O

Troubleshoot P.U.T. circuits.

EQI]IPME\IT
1 Master board
1 PU-2000 mainframe
1 EB-113 printed circuit board
1 Dual trace oscilloscope
1 Signal generator
1 D.M.M.

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T,ABORATORY

2-2

3.0 DISCUSSION

The P.U.T. (Programmable Unijunction Transistor) is a four layer

pnpn device with-three terminals: cathode K, anode A and gate G.

The conduction parameters between the anode (A) and catho^de (K)
are controlled by the gate (G). The are two stable states for the
conduction betwben A nd K. In state off there is no conduction
between A and K. In state on there is a very high conduction between
A and K and low voltage between them. To change state offto on we
raise the voltage between A and G until we reach Vp an-{ then we
reach state ori Vp is determined by the voltage supplied to G.

4.O PROCEDI.IRE
NOTE: If you are just beginning the lab session, set the experiment
marker to 8 by using the procedure given in the General
Information.
Measuring of P.U.T. Characteristics
1. Increment the experiment marker

to "9" by pressing "*"

once.

, Insert the EB-113 printed circuit board in the PU-2000 card

guides and connector.

3.

Locate the circuit that contains P.U.T. (Qr). This circuit is in the
upper middle part of the printed circuit.

4. Adjust PS-1 to its minimum

5.

voltage.

Measure Vs and compare with the formula:

Vs=

12.Rs

Rs+Rs

6. Connect the circuit in Fig.1. by the following procedure.

Ajust CH1 probe to x10.

(+)PS - 1

Fig.

l:

Circuit for Measuring p.U.T. parameters

a-

connect the jumper between p.u.T. cathode and ground

as
shown in Fig. 1. -

b'
c'

Tum the potentiometer RVr fully counterclockwise.

d.

connect ampermeter to measure anode current,as shown

in
Fig. 1

connect ch-annel I of the osciloscope

voltage as shown in Fig. 1

to rneasure

anode

vA voltage increasing. Adjust ps-1 slowry clockwise.

The anode voltaqe vA will increase up to the maximum
and then
fall down. Recoid rh" ;;;a;-i,ittugu
and
rhe
current
in rhis
maximum (peak)

7. observe
8.

point.

[V]

VP=

rP=

tuAl

PS-1 is not enough to find vp, Ip then rurn RVr slowly

Y^o^L*^lf
clocl<wlse.
Repeat 8 with the following change:
connect Rz in parallel to Ri wit a jumper. what was the effect
onVp?

Disconnect

Ra.

2-4

I"ABORATORY

9.

Increment the experiment marker to "10" by preSSirlg "*"

OnCe.

turn potentiometer Rvr clockwise. The voltage V4 w-ill

fall down to id minimum value (the valley point). Record the

10. Carefully

anode voltage and current at the valley point.

[V]

Vv=

Iv=

tmAl

turning potentiometer RVr clockwise. observe that the

anode voltage cnges very slowly but changes in current are
rapid. Recor the anode voltage and current when potentiometer
R is fully clockwise.

11. continue

[V]

VF=

IF=

tmAl

order to find the accurate Vtr', R must be lower to

enable more current.

NOTE: In

P.U.T. Oscillator
12.InCrement the experiment marker tO "11" by preSSing
13. Connect the circuit
(+)PS

"'1.'' Once.

in Fig. 2.by the following procedure.

-1

Fig. 2: Put - Based Oscillator

14.

a.

Connect the jumpers as shown

b.

connect channel I of the oscilloscope to observe p.u.T.

anode
voltage as shown in Fig. 2. (Use xf pnOnEi -

c.

connect channel II of the oscilloscope to observe p.u.T. gate

voltage as shown in Fig.2.

in Fig.

2.

Jgrn potentiometer Rvr until oscillations are observed. Ajust

PS-1 to its maximum value.

15. observe the anode and gate vortage and sketch

them

in Fig.

B a, b.

Vout

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Fig. 3a: Anode Voltage Waueform

Vout

rvj

Fig. 3b: Gate Voltage

Waueform

Fig. Bc: Cathode Voltage Waueform

16. Increment

the experiment marke r to "L2" by pressirg ,'*,, once.

IABORATORY 2-6

17. Move the channel II to observe P.U.T. cathode voltage and sketch
in Fig. 3c, move the channel back to the gate.
18. Adjust Rvr to get 100H2 oscillations.
1g. Move the jumper from c+ capacitor to ca capacitor (ce > c).

tfrl
20. Measure the frequency of the oscillations. Frequerr"r t.
in
frequency.
decrease
the
to
Justify the increse of the capacitor

option: From measured frequencies and capacitor values.

e3 = 1rF
C4 = 0.1l"rF

Find the value of R using frequency equation given

part. (You may measure R to assure yourselfl.

I'

rir
.{l

,riil

in

discussion

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:ii

lrii

'iirll

jumper from Cs capacitor to C+ capacitor again.

fVPtPf
Measure amplitude of oscillation V =-

21. Move

l
i

i'

Connect Rz in parallel to Re with a jumper.

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fVPtPf

Record frequency

EIzl

=of oscillation F =-

Measure amplitude of oscillation V

Why did the frequency increase

22. Increment

?.

the experiment marker to "13" by pressing "*" once.

the potentiometer Rvr and observe that it caues changes

in frequency (and not influence voltage level).

23. Rotate

Practice Mode
24. Increment
25.

the experiment marker to "14" by pressing "*" once.

Adjust Vs to 100H2 by using Ca, observe the waveforms of the

anode and gate (V's). For the anode use x10 Probe.

26. To enter the practice mode follow the procedure

in Fig. 4