QUESTIONS & INSTRUCTIONS LEADING TO SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS

1.OBSERVING.

What is the difference between these two objects?

What is unusual about this picture?

How does it taste?

What colour is the ball?

How does the object feel?

What can you see?

How does the object feel?

Are they the same?

Does it longer or shorter?

What happen when you push the ball harder?

2. CLASSIFYING

Are all the objects the same?

What is the difference between the seeds in the two groups?

How are the seeds in each group alike?

Why did you put these objects in one group? Why did you put the other
objects in the other group?

Why did you sort/group the objects in such a way?

How did you sort the objects?

How did you group the objects?

Can you sort/group the objects in other way?

3. MEASURING AND USING NUMBERS

Of which colour was the greatest number of buttons?

What unit did you use?

What instrument did you use to measure?

What is the weight/height/length of the object?

Which plant is taller?

Which has more leaves?

Count the number of leaves. How many leaves are there?

How long is the table?

4. MAKING INFERENCES

Why do you think it turns yellow?

What do you think happens?

What do you think cause it?

What do you think the object is?

Are they any other reason for that?

Give one reason based on your observation.

What makes the objects float?

Why do you think the nails become rusting?

5. PREDICTING

What do you think will happen next?

What will happen to stem after 3 weeks?

What will happen to both nails after 7 days?

What do you think will happen to the fish after sometime?

What is the number of animal at the year of 2008?

6. COMMUNICATING

Based on the product label, describe the product.

What can you say about this object?

Tell us how you make the bulb lights up.

Draw how the plant grows after 1 week.

Name one plant that reproduces in the same way as the tapioca plant

Describe what happens when you add water to it?

7.SPACE-TIME RELATIONSHIP

Where is the ball after a while?

What will happen to the ice after a few minutes?

What happened before / after that?

What happened first/ last?

How does the tree look like from inside the house?

Where is the canteen located?

How did it look from the top/bottom/side?

8.INTERPRETING DATA

What can you say about brightness of the bulb when one battery is used?

What happened to the brightness of the bulb as the number of batteries

increase?

How does the number of batteries effect the brightness of the bulb?

Based on the pictograph what is the most common height among your
classmates?

What is the trend of the graph.

9.DEFINING OPERATIONALLY

What is a ball? Can you tell me what a ball is? What do you do with the
ball?

What are the things needed to make a complete circuit?

What is a complete circuit?

How did you make a complete circuit?

What did you do to the things to make a complete circuit?

3

What is man made materials?

How do you explain speed?

10 CONTROLLING VARIABLES

What are the things that you use in the activity?

What are the things that affect the result of the activity?

What do you keep the same?

What do you measure?

What do you need to change?

How does size of a sponge affect the amount of water it will hold?

11 MAKING HYPOTHESES

What will happen if I add more water?

What do you think will happen if this is change?

What is the relationship between the number of batteries use and the
brightness of the bulb?

What will happen to the result if we change this?

What will be affect if this is change?

Will the plant grow healthier if we use more water?

12 EXPERIMENTING

What is your conclusion?

Describe what you will do to find out what plant need to grow healthy.

How would you prove your hypothesis/inferences?

Design a fair test.

ENABLING QUESTIONS ON FAIR TEST

1.Getting Started

What are you investigating?

What could you change?
What will you change?
What do you think will happen?

2. Planning

What are you going to investigate?

What are you going to change?
How will you change it?
What things will you keep the same every time?
How will you keep them the same?
How will you make it a fair test?
What will you measure?
How will you measure it?
What equipment will you use?
How will you make it safe?

3. Carrying out activities and presenting result

How will you make your readings accurate?

How will you record your results?
What units will you use to measure?

4. Analyzing and interpreting

What do your results tell?

Can you see any patterns in your results?
What can you conclude from your investigation?

5. Evaluation

Were your results what you expected?

Were there any results that didnt fit the pattern?
How could this have happened?
Did you make sure you kept everything accurately the same every
time? How?
How could you improve your investigation?
What further investigation would you like to carry out?

6. Communicating

How could you tell/show others what you did and found out in your
investigation so that others could repeat what you did?

7. Make sure your report explains the four things:

a) What you do want to find out
Write the title
Predicting/hypotheses
b) What you did to show that your test was fair..
Draw diagram of the equipment
What is measured and how to measure it
Control variables
c) What you found out..
Table
Trial measurements & main measurements
d) What you have found
Meaning of data
Agreement from others
8. Drawing Table
A table can help to organize an investigation.
Decide your variables
Write the column headings (include units)
Choose the values for your manipulated variable
6

Write in the values for your manipulated variable on the right

column
Add in the response variables while you do the practical on the left
column

Two types of things to change (manipulated variable):

i. Continuous
- decide which values to
be used
- what will be the biggest
and smallest
- how many in-between
values
- how far apart are they
- suitable to use line
graph

ii.

Categoric
- decide which values to be used
- the values will be the different types of the variable you are testing
- suitable to use bar graph

e.g. continuous variable is used

Amount of sugar added (g)

Temperature for the sugar to melt (C)

e.g. categoric variable is used

Types of sugar used

Temperature for the sugar to melt (C)

Axes for graph

Response
variable & units

Manipulated
variable & units

9. Units and symbols:

Variable
Force
Temperature
Distance

Volume
Mass
Time

Unit
Newton
degree Celcius
Millimeter
Centimeter
Metre
Kilometer
square millimeter
cubic centimeter
Gram
Kilogram
Second

Symbol
N
C
mm
cm
m
km
m2
cm2
g
kg
s

QUESTION AND ANSWER TECHNIQUE FOR SCIENCE

PURPOSE / AIM
A-key
To find out the..
To investigate the..
To prove that..
To study the..

importance ofto .
the basic needs of
relationship between(T2C) and(T2M)

TREND / PATTERN
Q-key
State the
trend/pattern

Steps
Observe the
trend/ pattern
arrangement
Identify the
differences

A-key
Increasing:
-From small getting bigger or larger
-From lower became higher
Decreasing
Did not change
Consistent
Evenly
Uniformly

PREDICTION
Q-key
What
happens
if?
Predict
what will
happen
to.

Steps

A-key

The process of guessing

Predict the number
what will happen based
Predict the situation
on
E.g.:
observation/information/ -10kg, 1 hour
data/ or previous
-Will grow healthy / be extinct /
experience
stay alive due to .
Analyse the observation
given or the results
Make sure the answer
ask to predict the
previous or future results
Look at the pattern
Find the uniformly
arrange pattern
From the pattern
arrangement, predict
your answer

MAKING INFERENCES
Q-key
-infer
-give reason
for your
answer in .

Steps

A-key

An early conclusion/
If x comparing;
explanation from an
E.g.:
observation why it happen The can/will/get because the
- give reasons.
. is....
a) observation + why
The plant getting withered
b) observation + cause
because .
c) relates observation with
a) didnt get enough..
cause
b) didnt get any
Usually our previous
c) didnt get the right amount of
knowledge and experience d) there is no..
will influence the
If comparing;
conclusion.
E.g.:
*Observe the phenomenon/object -becausecompare to..
before and after -using our
(comparing)
senses.
-.because .it is .. than .
*Think why it happens using our
mind.

INTEPRETING DATA
Q-key
What is the title
of this
investigation?
Purpose of the
investigation
State the pattern

Steps
Analyse all
information given /
collected
Identify the pattern /
information
Understand the
details of the
information
Identify the
relationship
between the
information

A-key
To analyse the effect
ofto
To find out the
relationship between
the.

CONTROLLING VARIABLES
Q-key

Steps

If you want to make this

activity a fair test/ If you
want to make the test fair,
what are;
1.Things to keep the same:
-the same thing
(more than 1 - constant/fixed)
2. Thing to change:
- different/not the same
(1 only - manipulated/
controlled/ independent)
3. Thing to measured /
observed:
-the results/findings
(responding/
dependent)

List out all

variables
involved
Identify the
variables

A-key

1.Same type/size of
2. The presence of.. (the
differences / not the
same)
3. The condition of

MAKING HYPHOTESES
Q-key

Steps

A-key

Hypotheses
Results
The relation
What do
you
understand

General statement
about objects/
phenomenon based on
an observation
whether it is true of
false till it can be
tested before carry out
the fair test.
Hypotheses is build
based on the
inference.
It relates between T2C
and T2M

The higher(t2c) the

lower the (t2m).
The bigger/smaller
The longer/shorter
The thicker/thinner
The more/least
The wider..

CONCLUSION
Q-key
What can
you
conclude
from this
activity/fair
test.
State your
conclusion
based on
the
activity/fair
test.
What the
result
means?

Steps
The results/findings
from an activity/ fair
test
It relates between
T2C and T2M

A-key
.when..
..needs.to..
From the fair test, we found
out that/can understand.
From the activity, we can
conclude the relationship
between
Theof.relies on the
of.
The was influence by/due
to the

MY SCIENCE INVESTIGATION
Name:_______________________________________________
Class:___________________________ Date:_______________

Before the experiment:

Title of Science Investigation :___________________________________________

What do I want to find out? (My problem)

__________________________________________________________________

What variables will I;

keep the same

change

What will I need to use? (Materials needed)

___________________________________________________________________

What do I think will happen? (My prediction)

___________________________________________________________________

During the experiment:

I record or my results here: (My findings)

What do I want to observe/ measure? (My inference)

Remember
to use
Scientific
Vocabulary

____________________________________________________

After the experiment:

What happened? Things to measure/obseve(The result)
_____________________________________________________________________

My reasons / explaination why this happened? (My hyphoteses)

_____________________________________________________________________

What did I learnt from the experiment? (My conclusion)

_____________________________________________________________________

If I could do the experiment again, I would change..

______________________________________________________________________