5-23a-4 PROBLEM 5-23a Statement: A beam is supported and loaded as shown in Figure PS-112. For the data given in row a from ‘Table PS-2, find the static safety factor: (@) Ifthe beam is a ductile material with S,~300 MPa, (b) Ifthe beam isa cast-brittle material with S,,= 150 MPa, S,.= 570 MPa, Units: N:= newton MPa := 10°-Pa | GPa:= 10-Pa Given: Duele yield strength Sy:= 300-MPa Brittle ultimate strength Sy = 150.MPa = Ry IR Solution: See Figure 5-23 and Mathcad file POS23. 1. The maximum bending stress occurs under the concen- Free Body Diagram for Problem 5:23 trated lod F at x=. Itwas determined in Problem 4-23a as, 9:= 88.7. MPa 2, Since this is the only stress component present inthe given coordinate frame, ois equal to. and the other two principal stresses are zero. or: o% o7s= O-MPa 3:= 0-MPa 3. For case (a), use the distortion-energy failure theory. With only one nonzero prineipal stress, the von Mises stress isthe same as vvon Mises stress of = 88.7MPa Safety factor, case (a) Neg = Nea = 34 4. For case (b), use the Modified Mohr failure theory. The nonzero principal stress is positive and the load line on the 0-05 diagram is along the «axis. Safety factor, case (b) Neo = Nop = 1.7 P 0523a,med527-4 PROBLEM 5-27 Statement: A storage rack is to be designed to hold the paper roll of Problem 5-8 as shown in Figure 5-12. Determine suitable values for dimensions a and b in the figure. Make the static factor of safety at least 1 ‘The mandrel is solid and inserts halfway into the paper roll. (@) The beam is a ductile material with S, = 300 MPa (b) The beam isa cast-brittle material with Sy = 150 MPa, S,,= 570 MPa. Units: N= newon MPa:= 10°. Pa GPa= Pa Paper roll dimensions. OD:= 1.50-m Roll density (p= 98é-kgrm 022m Toit = 3.23-m Factor of safety Ny= LS Ductile yield strength Sy:= 300-MPa Brittle ultimate strength Sy, = 150-AfPa Assumptions: The paper roll’ weight creates @ concentrated load acting atthe tip , w ofthe mandrel, ‘The mandrel's root in the stanchion experiences a distributed load over the length of ‘engagement (see the solution to Problem 3-27 for further discussion ofthis point), ‘The required diameter a ofthe mandrel root section (over the length 6) will be R sized to use the allowable tensile strength in bending. The length b FIGURE 5.27 will be sized to use the allowable Free Body Diagram used in Problem 5-27 transverse shear strength Solution: See Figure 5-27 and Mathcad file P0527. 1. Determine the weight of the roll andthe length of the mandrel Weight w= 200?) pono W=539kN Length Tm = OScLyott Lym = 1.615 2, The minum item sear nd moma oor scton whee th anil on aves te seahio, and re 2H Ly 2s Imax = W Lay Mma = 87-04KN-m 3. Part (a) - The bending stress will be a maximum at the top or bottom of the mandrel at section where the ‘mandrel root leaves the stanchion, Mya nai 32Myax where j= 22, omar * 21 64 ea 4. At this point the only nonzero stress component iso, therefore 01 = Gnas o7:= 0-MPa 03:= 0-MPa 5. All three of the ductile faiture theories have the same failsafe boundary for this condition (slope of load line is zero) Sy Nye o Nor o 0527 med527-2 32.Ng Wn )* 6. Solving for a, a=|— = 164.272 mm Round this to a 7. Using this value of a and equation (4.15c), solve forthe shear stress on the neutral axis at the same section, 166mm 4V, 8H Lm sd 2 3{22 |» 4 ‘9. AL this point, this isthe only nonzero stress component therefore, the principal stresses are 1 Spat oy O-MPa 23" far 10, Using the distortion energy theory the von Mises stress is 5 s OVE tmx LNG Ng te BE . o 5 S.NgW. Solving for b eee b= 929mm (="} : we Rounding to higher even values let a = 166mm b= 9bmm — forease 11. Part (b) - The bending stress will be a maximum at the top or bottom of the mandrel ata section Where the mandrel root leaves the stanchion, Mma zat 32 Mma were 1224, 2 oA 12. Atthis point the only nonzero stress component isc, therefore 01 Cmax y= O-MPa 3°= O-MPa 13. All three of the brittle failure theories have the same fail/sufe boundary for this condition (slope of load line iszero) 21S | aS 21 Cmax Mma? 32 Mma 1 32:NyMmax)> 14. Solving for a, a=(|——— a= 20697 mm Su Round this to a= 208-mm 15. Using this value of a and equation (4.15¢), solve forthe shear stress on the neutral axis athe same section. 4Vmae ——_8-W lay P0527 med527-3 16. Atthis point, this isthe only nonzero stress component therefore, the principal stresses are 1 = tna o7:= 0-MPa 03 = Tmax 17, Using the Modified Mohr theory, Solving for 6 b= 683mm b:= 70mm for case (b). P0527 med543-4 PROBLEM 5-43 Statement: ‘The paper rolls in Figure PS-17 are 0.9-m OD by 0.22-m ID by 3.23-m long and have a density of 984 kg/m’. The rolls are transfered from the machine conveyor (not shown) to the forklift truck by the ‘V-linkage of the off-load station, which is rotated through 90 deg by an air cylinder. The paper then rolls onto t! waiting forks of the truck, The forks are 38-mm thick by 100-mm wide by 1-2-m long and are tipped at a 3-deg angle from the horizontal and have S,=600MPa. Find the safety factor for the two forks on the truck when the paper rolls onto it under two different conditions (state all assumptions): (@) The two forks are unsupported at their free end. {(b) The two forks are contacting the table at point Units: MPa:= 10°Pa Given: Yield strength y= 600-MPa Assumptions: 1, The greatest bending moment will occur \when the paper rll sat the tip ofthe fork for ease (a) and when its midway between supports for case (b). 2. Each fork carries 12 the weight of a paper roll, 3. For ease (a), each fork acts as a cantilever ‘beam (see Appendix D-1(a). 4, For case (b), each fork acts as a beam that is built-in atone end and simply-supported atthe other Solution: See Figure 5-43 and Mathcad file POS43, case, Faed-Sinply Supported Beam 1. From Problem 4-43, the maximum stresses in the forks are: FIGURE 5.43 Free Body Diagrams used in Problem 5-43 Case (a) 464.8:-MPa atthe base of the fork, Case (6) op:= 87.2.MPa —_alsoat the base ofthe fork Since there are no other stress components present, these are also the maximum principal stresses and the von. Mises stresses, Thus, ofg:= ogand o'p:= 0% ‘Case (a) s 2 The factor of safety agains static fur is = Ng = 13 oa Case) 5 3, The factor of safety agus stati falure is Ngps= N= 69 o% P.0543.medetat PROBLEM 6-1a Statement: For the data in row a in Table P6-1, find the stress range, alternating stress component, ‘mean stress component, stress ratio, and amplitude ratio. 1000 0.000001 1000 1000 = os Note: Very small values are approx. 0 1300 7 ‘very larg values are approx infinite Given: Snax = Onin=| ha 500 -100 2500 =1200 0.000001 4500 2500 1500 Solution: Soe Mathead fle PO6OLa 1. Use equations (6.1) to calculate the required quantities. ‘Stress range Jo: Altemating stress come Smax * Fmin _ m= SOE Shy = _ _ k -(=) an Amplinde rato o (=) 500 r - 1000 1x10? 1x10? 1 200 ms 1x10 1000 bed 0333 ie |? cen) = : o om 2 Ls tu) 185% 10° od 0.48 2.846 4500 ° 1000 225x 10° ote “45x 10° a 500, 2x10 06 0.25 060 wath arays:met