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The Millennium Development Goals Report: United Nations
The Millennium Development Goals Report: United Nations
2011
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UNITED NATIONS
This report is based on a master set of data that has been compiled by an Inter-Agency and Expert Group on
MDG Indicators led by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, in
response to the wishes of the General Assembly for periodic assessment of progress towards the MDGs. The
Group comprises representatives of the international organizations whose activities include the preparation of
one or more of the series of statistical indicators that were identified as appropriate for monitoring progress
towards the MDGs, as reflected in the list below. A number of national statisticians and outside expert advisers
also contributed.
Cover Inside
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
ORGANIZATION
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
THE WORLD BANK
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA
ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE
ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR WESTERN ASIA
JOINT UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON HIV/AIDS
UNITED NATIONS CHILDRENS FUND
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT FUND FOR WOMEN
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES
UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND
INTERNATIONAL TRADE CENTRE
INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
asdf
United Nations
New York, 2011
Foreword |3
Foreword
Since they were first adopted, the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) have raised awareness and
shaped a broad vision that remains the overarching
framework for the development activities of the United
Nations.
At the September 2010 MDG Summit, world leaders
put forward an ambitious action plana roadmap
outlining what is needed to meet the goals by the
agreed deadline of 2015. The information presented
on the following pages demonstrates that this can be
done if concrete steps are taken.
Already, the MDGs have helped to lift millions of
people out of poverty, save lives and ensure that
children attend school. They have reduced maternal
deaths, expanded opportunities for women, increased
access to clean water and freed many people from
deadly and debilitating disease. At the same time,
the report shows that we still have a long way to go in
empowering women and girls, promoting sustainable
development, and protecting the most vulnerable from
the devastating effects of multiple crises, be they
conflicts, natural disasters or volatility in prices for
food and energy.
Progress tends to bypass those who are lowest on
the economic ladder or are otherwise disadvantaged
because of their sex, age, disability or ethnicity.
Ban Ki-moon
Secretary-General, United Nations
Overview
Lives have been saved or changed
for the better
More than 10 years have passed since world leaders
established goals and targets to free humanity from extreme
poverty, hunger, illiteracy and disease. The Millennium
Declaration and the MDG framework for accountability
derived from it have inspired development efforts and helped
set global and national priorities and focus subsequent
actions. While more work lies ahead, the world has cause
to celebrate, in part due to the continued economic growth
of some developing countries and targeted interventions in
critical areas. Increased funding from many sources has
translated into the expansion of programmes to deliver
services and resources to those most in need. Here are some
of the highlights:
Poverty continues to decline in many countries
and regions
Despite significant setbacks after the 2008-2009 economic
downturn, exacerbated by the food and energy crisis, the
world is still on track to reach the poverty-reduction target.
By 2015, it is now expected that the global poverty rate will
fall below 15 per cent, well under the 23 per cent target. This
global trend, however, mainly reflects rapid growth in Eastern
Asia, especially China.
Some of the poorest countries have made the greatest
strides in education
Burundi, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Togo
and the United Republic of Tanzania have achieved or are
nearing the goal of universal primary education. Considerable
progress has also been made in Benin, Bhutan, Burkina
Faso, Ethiopia, Guinea, Mali, Mozambique and Niger, where
net enrolment ratios in primary school increased by more
than 25 percentage points from 1999 to 2009. With an 18
percentage point gain between 1999 and 2009, sub-Saharan
Africa is the region with the best record of improvement.
Targeted interventions have succeeded in reducing
child mortality
The number of deaths of children under the age of five
declined from 12.4 million in 1990 to 8.1 million in 2009.
This means that nearly 12,000 fewer children are dying each
day. Between 2000 and 2008, the combination of improved
immunization coverage and the opportunity for second-dose
immunizations led to a 78 per cent drop in measles deaths
worldwide. These averted deaths represent one quarter of the
decline in mortality from all causes among children under
five.
Increased funding and control efforts have cut deaths
from malaria
Through the hard work of governments, international
partners, community health workers and civil society,
deaths from malaria have been reduced by 20 per cent
Overview |5
Sha Zukang
Under-Secretary-General for Economic
and Social Affairs
Target
Goal 1
Eradicate extreme
poverty and
hunger
20
1990
2005
40
60
80
2015 target
Target
Achieve full and productive employment and
decent work for all, including women and young
people
In the developed regions, the employment-topopulation ratio dropped from 56.8 per cent in 2007
to 55.4 per cent in 2009, with a further drop to 54.8
per cent in 2010. Clearly, many developed economies
are simply not generating sufficient employment
opportunities to absorb growth in the working-age
population. Again, this reflects an ongoing lag between
economic recovery and a recovery in employment
in this region. This contrasts with many developing
regions, some of which saw an initial decline in the
employment-to-population ratio but where, with the
exception of the Caucasus and Central Asia and
Eastern Asia, the estimated employment-to-population
ratio in 2010 has changed little since 2007.
Eastern Asia
74
70
70
Oceania
66
66
66
South-Eastern Asia
67
66
66
Sub-Saharan Africa
63
64
64
Latin America & the Caribbean
58
61
61
Caucasus & Central Asia
55
59
60
Southern Asia
57
58
58
Northern Africa
43
46
46
Western Asia
45
44
43
Developed regions
5 5.8
5 5.4
54.8
Developing regions
63.2
62.7
62.7
0
10
2000
20
30
2009
40
50
2010
60
70
80
10
1999
20
30
2008
40
50
60
70
80
90
2009
Worldwide, one in five workers and their families are living in extreme poverty
Proportion of employed people living on less than $1.25 a day (Percentage) and number of working poor (Millions), 1999-2009
Millions
1000
Percentage
35.0
Working poor
800
30.0
600
25.0
400
20.0
200
15.0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Target
Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of
people who suffer from hunger.
Millions
25
1,500
20
1,200
20
18
16
16
818
837
900
15
828
600
770
10
300
19901992
19951997
Number of
undernourished people
20002002
20052007
Percentage of
undernourished people
Disparities within and among regions are found in the fight against hunger
Proportion of undernourished population, 2005-2007 (Percentage)
Eastern Asia
15
6
15
Northern Africa
10
6
10
1990
20
2009
30
40
50
60
Target
63
60
60
51
60
54
40
37
47
40
20
26
0
-5
-14
-20
-21
-21
-30
-40
Poorest
20%
Second
20%
Middle
20%
Fourth
20%
Richest
20%
30
16.0
14.6
13.7
13.8
25.0
25.0
24.6
25.3
23.7
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
15.9
13.0
16.0
15.2
15.2
15.4
24.4
26.0
26.0
27.1
27.5
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
14.3
Refugees
Internally displaced persons
20
10
21.2
2000
Target
Goal 2
Achieve universal
primary education
25
1999
50
75
100
2009
* Defined as the number of pupils of the theoretical school age for primary
education enrolled either in primary or secondary school, expressed as a
percentage of the total population in that age group.
Note: Data for Oceania are not available.
80
48
60
40
44
34
24
6
20
5
4
4
4
3
3
3
1999
2009
4
2
6
Sub-Saharan Africa
Southern Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Latin America & the Caribbean
Western Asia
Northern Africa
Rest of the world
80
60
40
20
Expected to enter
Dropped out
Brazil
Colombia
Bangladesh
Bolivia
Cambodia
Maldives
Liberia
Ghana
Zambia
Nepal
D. R. Congo
Ethiopia
Pakistan
Yemen
Kyrgyzstan
India
Timor-Leste
Tajikistan
Guinea
Nigeria
Senegal
Niger
Mali
65
72
73
Oceania
Southern Asia
60
75
80
68
Northern Africa
87
83
World
89
87
Western Asia
93
92
97
South-Eastern Asia
94
Eastern Asia
95
98
99
100
Developed regions
100
60
70
80
90
100
Goal 3
Promote gender
equality and
empower women
Target
Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary
education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of
education no later than 2015
90 89
85 92
86 92
90 95
95
83
97 97
96 97
99 98
101 104
91 96
Secondary education
Sub-Saharan Africa
Western Asia
Oceania
Southern Asia
Caucasus & Central Asia
Northern Africa
South-Eastern Asia
Eastern Asia
Latin America & the Caribbean
Developing regions
82
74
79
86
89 88
75
89
98 98
93 98
95
103
93
106
107 108
88
96
Tertiary education
Sub-Saharan Africa
Southern Asia
Oceania
Western Asia
Northern Africa
Eastern Asia
Caucasus & Central Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Latin America & the Caribbean
Developing regions
67 63
65
74
81 86
78
87
74
98
67
103
91
107
96
109
117
126
82
97
0
1999
2009
20
40
60
80
100
120
Wide gaps remain in womens access to paid work in at least half of all regions
Employees in non-agricultural employment who are women, 1990, 2009 and projections to 2015 (Percentage)
50
42
40
36 37
36
33
30
20
19
20
22
19 19 20
15
33
38 38
43
38
35
43
45
44
45 46
48 49
44
40
36
41
35
24
19
13
10
0
Western
Asia
1990
Northern
Africa
2009
Southern Sub-Saharan
Asia
Africa
Oceania South-Eastern
Asia
Eastern
Asia
World
2015 projections
5
2000
10
15
20
25
2011
Target
Goal 4
Reduce child
mortality
Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the underfive mortality rate
50
1990
100
2009
150
200
2015 target
Children in rural areas are more at risk of dying, even in regions where
child mortality is low
Despite substantial progress in reducing child
deaths, children from rural households are still at a
disadvantage, according to household survey data from
80 countries. This holds true for all developing regions.
Disparities are most pronounced in Latin America and
the Caribbean and in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia
(excluding China), where overall child mortality is low.
Equal
Children from the poorest households are two to three times more likely to die before
the age of five than children from the richest households
Ratio of under-five mortality rate for children from the poorest
households to that of children from the richest households,
2000/2008
Latin America & the Caribbean
2.9
Eastern Asia (excluding China) & South-Eastern Asia
2.8
Southern Asia
2.7
Northern Africa & Western Asia
2.6
Sub-Saharan Africa
1.8
Caucasus & Central Asia
1.7
Developing regions
2.2
0
Higher under-five
mortality among
the richest 20% Equal
Higher under-five
mortality among
the poorest 20%
2.1
1.3
Northern Africa & Western Asia
2.0
1.2
Sub-Saharan Africa
2.0
1.2
Developing regions
2.1
1.3
0
Higher
under-five
Equal
mortality among
children of more
educated mothers
3
Higher under-five mortality
among children of
less educated mothers
Oceania
66
58
Sub-Saharan Africa
55
600
68
Southern Asia
56
75
300
Western Asia
84
82
South-Eastern Asia
81
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
88
92
93
Eastern Asia
84
94
Northern Africa
93
94
Developed regions
92
94
Developing regions
69
80
0
25
2000
50
75
Southern Asia
Africa
100
2009
Target
Goal 5
Improve maternal
health
200
1990
400
2000
600
2008
800
1000
Target
42
46
Southern Asia
32
50
Oceania
54
56
Caribbean*
67
69
South-Eastern Asia
49
72
Western Asia
62
78
Northern Africa
45
81
Latin America*
70
90
93
97
Eastern Asia
94
99
Developed regions
99
99
Developing regions
55
65
0
20
1990
40
60
80
100
2009
Target
Achieve, by 2015, universal access to
reproductive health
20
1990
40
60
80
100
2009
124
123
122
Latin America
92
88
82
Caribbean
81
77
69
Oceania
83
Sub-Saharan Africa
63
61
44
43
Southern Asia
89
Southern Asia
23
59
53
44
Western Asia
Western Asia
64
32
53
52
54
South-Eastern Asia
Northern Africa
20
54
40
44
57
South-Eastern Asia
Northern Africa
46
43
69
33
30
69
84
Developing regions
35
51
0
20
1990
40
60
80
100
2009
Eastern Asia
15
6
6
Developed regions
34
26
24
Developing regions
65
56
54
0
20
1990
40
60
2000
80
100
120
140
2008
69
71
72
Developing regions
52
60
61
0
20
1990
40
2000
60
80
100
2008
18
10
Latin America
16
10
9
Eastern Asia
3
2
2
Developing regions
14
12
11
0
5
1990
10
15
2000
20
2008
25
30
45
40
30
29
26
20
24
21
10
10
0
Contraceptive
prevalence
Unmet need
for contraception
Percentage
19,790
20,000
18,000
100
90
17,581
16,726
16,000
80
15,442
70
14,000
12,584
60
12,000
9,745
10,000
10,353
6,557
6,000
40
6,402
30
20
4,000
2,000
50
7,949
8,000
9.2
8.2
0
2000
11.3
9.8
6.1
5.9
5.4
2001
2002
3.1
2003
6.1
1.0
2004
5.1
1.7
2005
8.5
1.3
2006
7.2
7.7
3.2
3.3
6.0
2.6
2007
2008
2009
10
0
Goal 6
Combat HIV/AIDS,
malaria and other
diseases
Target
Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread
ofHIV/AIDS
New HIV infections are declining, led by subSaharan Africa, but trends in some other regions
are worrisome
HIV incidence rates* (Number of new HIV infections per year
per 100 people aged 15-49), 2001 and 2009
Sub-Saharan Africa
0.57
0.40
Caribbean
0.09
0.08
South-Eastern Asia & Oceania
0.04
0.04
Latin America
0.04
0.03
Caucasus & Central Asia
0.01
0.03
Southern Asia
0.04
0.02
Eastern Asia
0.01
0.01
Northern Africa
0.01
0.01
Western Asia
<0.01
<0.01
Developed regions
0.05
0.03
Developing regions
0.09
0.08
World
0.08
0.06
0.00
0.10
2001
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
2009
* The incidence rate is the number of new HIV infections in a population over a
certain period of time, expressed as a percentage of the adult population aged
15-49. For example, an incidence rate of 0.4 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa in
2009 meant that 4 adults out of 1,000 were newly infected that year (leading to
a total of 1.8 million new infections intheregion).
40.0
3.5
35.0
3.0
2.5
25
2.0
26
28
29
30
30
31
31
32
33
33
32
30.0
25.0
23
21
20.0
19
1.5
17
15.0
15
13
1.0
People newly infected with HIV and number of deaths due to AIDS (Millions)
Number of people living with HIV, number of people newly infected with HIV, and number of AIDS deaths worldwide,*
1990-2009 (Millions)
10.0
10
8
0.5
5.0
0.0
0.0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
* All AIDS-related figures are the midpoint in a range. The estimate of 2.6 million new infections in 2009, for example, is based on
a range of 2.3 million-2.8 million. The complete data series of ranges and corresponding midpoints is available at http://mdgs.un.org.
54
Niger
54
63
63
47
Sierra Leone
64
66
47
Ethiopia
66
59
Mali
68
67
70
Madagascar
52
Nigeria
70
71
71
Senegal
68
73
71
74
Zambia
63
Cte d'Ivoire
75
85
Lesotho
79
Zimbabwe
72
Kenya
73
79
79
76
80
74
Guinea
82
72
Uganda
82
75
Ghana
83
66
Congo
83
83
86
Namibia
73
Benin
87
89
87
Swaziland
80
Rwanda
88
0
20
Women
52
Liberia
40
Men
60
80
100
D. R. Congo
17
27
India
22
37
Zambia
33
39
United Republic of Tanzania
46
49
Nigeria
36
49
Ethiopia
28
50
Uganda
38
55
Malawi
40
58
Central African Republic
41
60
Kenya
40
64
Lesotho
66
68
Zimbabwe
42
68
Swaziland
54
70
Ukraine
68
71
Namibia
64
81
0
10
Women
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Men
Mozambique
0.80
0.89
Ethiopia
0.60
0.90
Zambia
0.91
0.93
Kenya
0.74
0.95
Zimbabwe
0.85
0.95
Lesotho
0.87
0.95
Uganda
0.95
0.96
Central African Republic
0.91
0.96
United Republic of Tanzania
0.74
0.97
Malawi
0.93
0.97
Swaziland
0.91
0.97
Namibia
0.92
1.00
Chad
0.94
1.05
0.00
0.20
Around 2000
0.40
0.60
Around 2008
0.80
Parity
1.00
1.20
Target
Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment
for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it
Sub-Saharan Africa
3
37
Caribbean
5
38
South-Eastern Asia & Oceania
12
46
Latin America
39
51
Western Asia
44
57
Low- and middle-income countries
6
36
10
2004
20
30
Northern Africa
10
25
40
2009
50
60
70
80
90
100
Range of estimates
Eastern Asia
3
25
Sub-Saharan Africa
9
53
Latin America
33
53
South-Eastern Asia & Oceania
28
54
Caribbean
20
55
Caucasus & Central Asia
11
56
Low- and middle-income countries
10
53
10
2004
20
30
40
2009
50
Southern Asia
7
24
Target
60
70
80
90
100
Range of estimates
2000
2010
1 Guinea
5
1 Nigeria
6
Burkina Faso
10
1 Chad
10
1 Cameroon
13
2
Zimbabwe
15
17
7
Benin
20
1 Djibouti
20
Sierra Leone
26
Ghana
28
2
Senegal
Ethiopia
29
33
0
Uganda
33
Namibia
11
34
7
Guinea-Bissau
36
1 D. R. Congo
38
Togo
38
1 Niger
43
1 Burundi
45
0
Madagascar
Kenya
46
47
15
Gambia
49
1 Zambia
50
4
Rwanda
56
23
Malawi
57
64
27
Mali
70
The incidence of tuberculosis is falling, bringing the MDG target within sight
Number of new tuberculosis cases per 100,000 population (incidence) (including people who are HIV-positive), 1990-2009
Sub-Saharan Africa
Oceania
South-Eastern Asia
400
400
400
300
300
300
200
200
200
100
100
100
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
Southern Asia
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
Eastern Asia
250
250
250
200
200
200
150
150
150
100
100
100
50
50
50
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
250
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
Northern Africa
Western Asia
250
250
200
200
200
150
150
150
100
100
100
50
50
50
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
Developing regions
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
World
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
Range of estimates
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
0
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
Incidence trends
Note: The scale used for the
sub-Saharan Africa, South-Eastern Asia
and Oceania regions is different from
the scale used for the rest of the regions
due to the higher tuberculosis incidence
levels in the former three regions.
Western Asia
8
5
Latin America & the Caribbean
13
3
Northern Africa
7
2
Developed regions
8
4
Developing regions
37
23
0
10
1990
20
30
40
50
60
2009
Up to 6 million lives have been saved since 1995, thanks to an effective international
strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
Progress against tuberculosis today is the result of
intensive efforts over the past 15 years to implement
the DOTS strategy (1995-2005) and its successor,
the Stop TB Strategy (launched in 2006). Between
1995 and 2009, a total of 41 million tuberculosis
patients were successfully treated according to the
DOTS/Stop TB Strategy and up to 6 million lives were
saved as a result.
In 2009, it was reported that 5.8 million people
worldwide had been officially diagnosed with
tuberculosis. This represents about 63 per cent of the
estimated number of all cases. Among patients that
were notified of their diagnosis in 2008, 86 per cent
were successfully treatedexceeding the 85 per cent
target of successful treatment of new positive cases.
Despite these positive outcomes, and related
interventions such as antiretroviral therapy, much
Goal 7
Ensure
environmental
sustainability
Target
Integrate the principles of sustainable development into
country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of
environmental resources
Africa
Asia
2.0
Europe
North &
Central
America
Oceania
South
America
2.2
1.0
0.9
0.0
0.7
0.0
-0.3
-0.6
-0.04
-0.7
-1.0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
-3.4
-4.1
-4.2
-4.0
-5.0
Net gain
1990-2000
Net loss
2000-2010
1990-2000
2000-2010
Note: The composition of regions is different from the rest of the report.
In this chart, Oceania corresponds to what in the MDG regions is Oceania
and Australia combined; Europe in the MDG regions is part of the developed
regions; and North & Central America are included under developed
regions and Latin America, respectively.
21.8
30.1
5
1990
10
15
20
25
30
2008
35
Developed regions
1,200
Developing regions
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006 2009
Target
Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a
significant reduction in the rate of loss
0.95
10
0.90
8
6
0.85
4
2
0.80
0
1990
1994
Developed regions
1998
2002
2006
2010
Developing regions
Land
Land
Sea
Sea
0.75
0.70
1986
1990
1994
1998
Aggregate index
Birds
Mammals
Amphibians
2002
2008
* A Red List Index value of 1.0 means that the species in question is
of least concern since it is not expected to go extinct in the near future.
A Red List Index value of zero indicates that species has gone extinct.
80
60
40
20
0
1974
1979
1984
1989
1994
1999
2004 2008
The limits for sustainable water resources have already been exceeded
in Western Asia and Northern Africa
Surface water and groundwater withdrawal as a percentage of internal renewable water resources, taking into consideration
official treaties between countries, around 2005
Western Asia
166
Northern Africa
92
Southern Asia
58
Caucasus
& Central Asia
56
Eastern Asia
20
South-Eastern Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Water resources
are still abundant
Water scarcity
is approaching
8
3
Latin America
& the Caribbean
Sustainable limits
have been exceeded
Oceania <0.1
Developed regions
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
Target
Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic
sanitation
The world is likely to surpass the drinking water target, though more than
1 in 10 people may still be without access in 2015
Proportion of population using different sources of water, 1990 and 2008 (Percentage)
100
13
14
49
31
40
50
11
12
25
28
80
12
51
32
14
10
14
15
7
9
12
16
28
13
28
35
35
14
60
53
55
40
29
31
34
33
64
54
83
44
56
20
53
78
80
82
58
55
49
39
33
22
19
15
16
17
84
72
21
23
0
1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008
Oceania
Caucasus &
Central Asia
Eastern
Asia
Western
Asia
Unimproved sources
Rural areas
100
20
80
12
35
32
100
65
53
60
32
80
56
53
46
60
62
64
40
40
60
59
62
20
20
39
26
35
44
16
0
5
Poorest
20%
0
Second
20%
Piped on premises
Middle
20%
Fourth
20%
Richest
20%
46
Poorest
20%
Second
20%
Middle
20%
52
2
Fourth
20%
9
Richest
20%
Unimproved sources
64
Southern Asia
25
36
63
Oceania
55
53
78
Eastern Asia
43
56
72
South-Eastern Asia
46
69
73
Southern Asia
4.3
69
80
2.2
85
Western Asia
79
85
90
Sub-Saharan Africa
Northern Africa
2.0
72
89
1.8
86
South-Eastern Asia
91
1.9
95
Developing regions
Oceania
42
53
1.8
1.8
71
World
Western Asia
54
61
0
20
1990
40
2008
1.3
96
60
1.8
77
80
1.4
100
Northern Africa
1.7
2015
1.1
Eastern Asia
1.4
1.2
Caucasus & Central Asia
1.1
1.0
Developing regions
2.2
1.7
Developed regions
1.1
1.1
0.0
1.0
Equal
2.0
3.0
4.0
Rural populations at
a disadvantage
1990
2008
5.0
6
1
18
Unimproved
Improved
80
56
74
60
86
51
77
87
94
40
93
94
1995
2008
76
20
45
36
7
0
Open defecation
4
2
1995
2008
Poorest 20%
18
19
8
1995
2008
Second 20%
1995
2008
Middle 20%
1995
2008
Fourth 20%
Richest 20%
Target
By 2020, to have achieved a significant
improvement in the lives of at least 100 million
slum dwellers
900
800
700
50
46.1
42.8
600
39.3
35.7
34.3
500
40
32.7
30
400
20
300
200
10
100
0
1990
1995
2000
Percentage of urban
population living in slums
2005
2007
2010
Population in slums
Goal 8
Develop a global
partnership
fordevelopment
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
(Preliminary)
Target
Address the special needs of the least developed
countries, landlocked countries and small island
developing states
Total ODA
0.35
ODA to LDCs
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
(Preliminary)
Target
Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable,
non-discriminatory trading and financial system
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2009
12
12
Agricultural goods
Clothing
Textiles
10
10
0
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2009
Agricultural goods
Clothing
Textiles
0
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2009
Target
Deal comprehensively with developing countries debt
Northern Africa
15.3
6.1
6.9
South-Eastern Asia
6.5
3.0
4.0
Southern Asia
13.7
5.2
3.5
Sub-Saharan Africa
9.4
2.0
3.1
Oceania
5.9
2.8
1.9
Caucasus & Central Asia
8.4
0.6
1.0
Eastern Asia
5.1
0.6
0.6
Developing regions
12.5
3.4
3.6
Small island developing States
8.7
7.6
9.5
Least developed countries
11.4
2.9
5.6
0
5
2000
10
2008
15
2009
20
25
Target
In cooperation with the private sector, make
available the benefits of new technologies,
especially information and communications
120
100
80
70
60
60
40
50
20
40
0
1995
30
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2010*
20
10
0
1995
1999
2003
2007
2010*
40
30
20
10
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010*
Regional groupings
Developed regions
Caucasus & Central Asia
Northern Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
South-Eastern Asia
Oceania
Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Latin America & the Caribbean
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