7

6
5
4
3
2
1

application
presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical

physical layer encodes fRAMES AND CREATES THE ELECTRICAL

TYpes of MEDIA
COPPER CABLE - patterns of electrical pulses
Fiber optic cable - patterns of light
Wireless - pattterns microwave transmission

The physical components are the electronics hardware devices, media

machester encoding:::
0 = high to low voltage
1 = low to high voltage
non return zero == Neutral
o may One voltage
1 may be represented by different voltage
Frequency Modulation
Amptitude Modulation