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Sandcrete blocks have been widely used for building construction in Nigeria. Oyekan
(2008) carried out work on the use of sawdust and sugar as admixtures in sandcrete blocks
production. Strength of the blocks increasing it by 17% at 28 days.
This study is all using other alternative for the production of bricks. This was to aim to
increase the strength of bricks and workability for construction purposes. This study is similar to
our study because we are also going to use alternative such as coconut husk ash as a potential
material that would increase the strength of a brick.
other alternatives in making/production of bricks. This study was similar to our study in being
productive in producing bricks such in using other alternatives. Also this is to show and to
advocate recycling to other people especially to those people in relation to bricks production. To
let others know that in wastes, it may also be the key to help increase the economy of our
country.
Replacement in concrete
The aim of this research is to spread awareness of using coconut shell as partial
replacement of coarse aggregate in concrete and determining its compressive strength.
Researchers are in search of replacing coarse aggregate to make concrete less expensive.
Based on Dewarsh Anlawat (2014) study, the aim of their study is by replacing coarse
aggregate in concrete by coconut. In similar to us, we researchers will use coconut ash as a
component for bricks production. We will conduct tests to state the increase of strength in terms
of testing its durability by using a hammer. The increase of strength to the bricks will make the
brick more productive and would increase its workability for construction purposes.
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
In this chapter, readers will be informed about the materials we used on this study. This
chapter involves informations about the materials and their uses in our community and to our
country.
Coconut
Coconut, fruit of coco palm (cocos nucifera), at tree widely distributed through tropical
regions. The seed is peculiarly adopted to dispersal by water because te large pod holding the
nut is buoyant and impervious to moisture. The trees therefore establish themselves naturally
on small islands and low shores bordering the tropical seas. The tree grows to a height of 60100 ft (18-30m), with a smooth cylindrical stem marked by the ring-like scars of former leaves. It
bears at the top of a crown of frond-like leaves and yellow or white blossoms. [4]
Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. Clusters of these large round fruitsgrow among
the leaves of the tree. Each coconut has a smooth light-colored rind. Under the rind is a 1 to 2
inch husk of reddish brown fibers. The husk and rind surround a brown, woodly shell that has
three soft spots called eyes at one end. The rind and husk are usually cut away before the
coconuts are marketed. The coconut seed lies inside the shell. It is a ball of crisp, white, sweet
tasting coconut meat covered by a tough brown skin. Its hollow center holds a sugary liquid
called coconut milk. The coconut seed measures from 8 to 12 inches long and from 6 to 10
inches across.[5]
Ash
Ash is the substance that remains after an organic substance has been burned. The
word ashes usually refers to the minerals obtained from burning coal, wood, or other fuels. An
analysis of the ashes of burned foods and other substances can be determine the minerals the
contain. For example, chemical tests of the ashes of burnt milk show that they contain calcium.
Some kind of ashes can be used for various purposes. For example, fly ash, the dust produced
by power plants that burn coal, is used as a soil fertilizer.[8]
Brick
Brick is a rectangular building block made of clay, shale, or various other materials,
Bricks are strong hard, and resistant to fire and damage from the weather. They are used to
build structures as houses, commercial and public building, fireplaces, and furnaces.
Bricks have been used as a building material for thousands of years. At first, people
produces bricks by drying hand-shapped or moulded blocks of clay or mud in the sun. Today
most bricks were formed by machines and fired (baked) in large kilns (ovens).[9]
Clay
Clay is a substance present in most kinds of soil. Geologist define clay as a stremely
small particles of soil that measure less than 4 microns, or 0.000157 inch, in a diameter. The
word clay also refers to earthy material composed of certain kinds of silicate minerals that have
been broken down by weathering.[6]
Concrete and cement are among the most important building materials cement is a fine,
gray powder. It is mixed with water and such materials such as sand, gravel, and crushed stone
to make concrete. Concrete is highly fire-resistant, water-resistant, and comparatively cheap
and easy to make. When first mixed, concrete can be moulded into almost any shape. Its
quickly hardens into an extremely strong material that last a long time and requires little care. [7]