1.

2.
3.
4.

dilation of blood vessels in the eye

Subconjunctival haemorrhage
Swollen conjunctiva
Neoplasm in the eye

Ciliary injection
branches of the anterior ciliary

arteries
indicates inflammation of the
cornea, iris, or ciliary body.

Conjunctival injection
the posterior conjunctival blood

vessels

Mixed injection
Episcleral injection
superficial episcleral vascular

network

Scleral injection

ENDOTHELIAL
DETACHMEN
T
ENDOTHELIAL PUMP FAILURE

WATER INFLUX
CORNEAL OEDEMA

CHEMICAL
MEDIATORS

CILLIARY
INJECTION

BACTERIAL
INVASION

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Injury
Acute bacterial/viral conjunctivitis
Valsava maneuver sneezing, coughing,
vomiting, straining, hypertension
Vascular fragility
Thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorder
High temperature of fever

More vascularized
Pterygium
Squamous cell carcinoma