EE 451

Homework 4

Spring 2016

Due: Wednesday, March 2

1. A digital modem is to be designed using PAM to transmit 2,400 bits/sec. For parts a) and
b) assume binary PAM signaling.
5

a. Let the PAM transmitted signal be x(t ) = a n g (t nT ) , where g (t ) = A pt0 (t ) ,

n =0

1, | | ;
with p ( ) =
the boxcar function, and where t 0 satisfies
0, | | > ;
0 < t 0 T / 2 ,with the PAM symbol rate 1 / T . Assume a matched filter receiver
with impulse response h(t ) = g (t ) .
i. Determine the required value of A so that || g (t ) || 2 = 1 .
ii. Find and sketch s (t ) = g (t ) h(t ) , Verify that s (t ) is a zero ISI pulse.
iii. If t 0 = T / 4 , determine the approximate bandwidth of the PAM system.
b. Modify the PAM system in part a) so that g (t ) is the square-root raised cosine
pulse with spectral roll-off parameter = 0.5 . What is the bandwidth of the PAM
system?
c. Suppose that only 1000 Hz of bandwidth is available, but the PAM system can be
designed to transmit integer k 1 bits/symbol. Determine the symbol rate (1/T),
the required bandwidth of the PAM system using raised cosine pulse shaping (but
constrained so that allowable roll-off parameter satisfies 0.3 1 ), and the
value of so that the transmission system uses the fewest number of bits/symbol.
2. The binary data stream 101101001 is applied as input to the level-shifter of a class-4
(modified duobinary) system where s k = q k q k 2 .
a. Determine the encoder output (symbol sequence) and corresponding receiver
output, without a precoder. (You will need to specify initial conditions.)
b. Suppose that, due to an error in the transmission, the level at the receiver input
produced by the second digit is incorrect (make it either of the other two symbol
amplitudes). Determine the new receiver output.
c. Repeat part a), but this time using a precoder in the transmitter. Verify that there
is no error propagation at the receiver.
3. Consider the duobinary partial response signaling system.
a. Draw the trellis for the duobinary PRS system. Label the branches with the
symbols sk = qk + qk 1 .

b. Assume initial condition b1 = 1 and label the trellis path for the input bit
sequence a1 , a 2 ,..., a 6 = 0,0,1,1,1,0 .
c. Again assume initial condition b1 = 1 , and for the received sequence
y0 , y1 ,..., y 4 = 0.6, 0.9, 0.1, 2.1, 1.8 , use the Viterbi algorithm to find the
maximum likelihood (soft decision) sequence s0 ,..., s4 and the corresponding
detected bit sequence a 0 ,..., a 4 . Compare this to the hard-decision detector bit
sequence.