EE 451

Homework 1

Spring 2016

Due: Friday, January 22

1. Let the signals 1 () and 2 () be as shown in the figure below, and let 3 () =
sin

2
4

, 0 4 and 4 () = cos

, 0 4, with all the signals zero outside

the range [0, 4].

a. Evaluate the inner products
i. (1 (), 2 ())
ii. (1 (), 3 ())
iii. (2 (), 3 ())
iv. (2 (), 4 ())
b. Construct a signal () on [0,4] such that i) () = 1 and ii) () is
orthogonal to both 1 () and 2 ().

c. Determine the distance (metric) between 1 () and 2 ().

d. Determine scale factors 1 and 2 such that 1 () = 1 1 () and 2 () =
2 2 () are both unit energy. Then, determine the distance between 1 () and
2 ().
e. Using the relation 1 () 2 ()2 = (1 () 2 (), 1 () 2 ()), show that
1 () 2 ()2 = 2 for any two orthonormal signals, 1 () and 2 ().
2

cos , 0
2. Let () =
.
0, otherwise
a. Find a positive scale factor, , such that 1 () = () has unit energy.
b. Find two unit-energy signals on the interval [0, T], say 2 (), 3 (), that are
orthogonal and also orthogonal to 1 ().
1, || /2
3. A simple digital signaling pulse is () = /2 () =
.
0, || > /2
a. Find the Fourier transform, (), and accurately plot |()|, assuming that T = 1.
b. Determine the smallest frequency, 0 , such that |()| 0.04|(0)| for all
> 0 . (You may do this graphically, such as using a Matlab plot of |()|.)
Express the value of 0 as a multiple of 1/T.
|t|
1 T ,
4. Let () =
.
0, otherwise

a. Find (), and accurately plot |()|.

b. Determine the largest frequency, 0 , such that |()| 0.04|(0)| for all > 0 .
(Again, you may do this graphically, such as using a Matlab plot of |()|.)
Express the value of 0 as a multiple of 1/T. Compare this result to the result in
problem 4.
c. Qualitatively, explain the relative bandwidth requirements of the signals in
problems 3 and 4. Consider in your explanation the respective time duration and
continuity of the two signals.
1
t
t 1
5. Find y (t ) =
sinc
sinc . (Use Fourier transform properties.)
T
T
T T
6. Generalize the result in problem 5 and find sinc(at ) sinc(bt ) , where b > a > 0 .
7. Use properties of the Fourier transform to compute the following.
a. Find the inner product ((), ()) where () = sinc() and () = sinc(4).
b. Find ((), ()) where () = sinc() and () = sinc()cos(22).