Leukemia

What Is Leukemia?
Cancer of the white blood cells
Acute or Chronic
Affects ability to produce normal blood
cells
Bone marrow makes abnormally large
number of immature white blood cells
called blasts

Symptoms
When there are excessive white blood
cells --> Infections
When there are few red blood cells:
Paleness --> Anemia
When there are few platelets -->
Excessive bleeding

Pictures Of Blood
Platelet
White Cell

Platelet
Red Cell

Normal human blood

Sources from Arginine.umdnj.edu

White Cell

Red Cell

Blasts

Blood with leukemia

Sources from beyond2000.com

Classification
Classified based on cell type involved
and the clinical course
1. Acute :
ALL
AML
2. Chronic :
CLL
CML

Subclassification
ALL
Common
type( pre-B)
B-cell
T-cell
Undifferentiated

AML
French-American-British (FAB) Classification
M0: Minimally differentiated leukemia
M1: Myeloblastic leukemia without maturation
M2: Myeloblastic leukemia with maturation
M3: Hypergranular promyelocytic leukemia
M4Eo: Variant: Increase in abnormal marrow
eosinophils
M4: Myelomonocytic leukemia
M5: Monocytic leukemia
M6: Erythroleukemia (DiGuglielmo's disease)
M7: Megakaryoblastic leukemia
Ref-Harrisons Principle of Internal Medicine

 CLL
B-cell: common
T-cell: rare

 CML

AML

CML

Normal Peripheral Smear

Echinocytes (burr cells)

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Folate Deficiency

Thalassemia

Sickle Cell Anemia

Spherocytosis

TTP / HUS microangiopathic hemolysis

with schistocytes

Malaria

hematopoiesis

Eritropoiesis

Mielopoiesis

Case #