Power System Analysis

Unsymmetrical Fault
Analysis
UNIT - IV
1

Symmetrical Components
The symmetrical components of three phase system are,
Positive Sequence Components
Negative Sequence Components
Zero Sequence Components

Contd.

Contd.
Computation of Unbalanced Vectors from their
Symmetrical Components

From the vector diagram shown above,

2

Contd.
Substitute 2 in 1

The above equation can be arranged in matrix

form as,

The above equation can be used to compute the unbalanced

voltage vectors from the knowledge of symmetrical

Contd.
Computation of Symmetrical Components of
unbalanced vectors
The above matrix equation as,

On premultiplying above equation with A-1, we get

3

Contd.

Contd.

Contd.

Contd.
So the Equation as,

On substituting for A-1 in eqn 3, we get

10

Contd.
The matrix equation from above can be expressed as three
independent
linear equations as shown below,

The above equations can be used to compute the

symmetrical components
of the unbalanced voltages.

11

Symmetrical Components of
unbalanced current vectors

12

13

Contd.
Problem :

14

Contd.

15

Contd.

16

17

Contd.

18

Sequence Impedance and Sequence

Network
Sequence impedance and networks of generator

19

Contd.

20

Contd.

21

Contd.

22

Contd.

23

Contd.

24

Sequence Network (For Generator)

25

Contd.

The current flowing through neutral reactance is 3Ia0 .

The zero sequence drop from point a to ground is ,

26

Contd.

With reference to above figure, The equation for the

phase-a component voltages are,

27

Contd.
The zero sequence network of generator when the
neutral is solidly grounded and when the neutral is
ungrounded are shown below. In these case there is no
change in positive and negative sequence network

28

Sequence impedance and networks of

transmission line

29

Sequence impedance and networks of

transformer

For Zero sequence , the following observations have

to made,

30

31

32

33

Sequence impedance and networks of

loads

34

35

36

37

Per phase equivalent circuit

38

39

Problem

40

Solution:

41

Positive sequence reactance diagram:

42

Negative sequence reactance diagram:

43

Zero sequence reactance diagram:

44

Thank You

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