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Design of Reinforced Concrete Foundations
Design of Reinforced Concrete Foundations
FOUNDATIONS
Reinforced concrete foundations are designed based on column loads and
moments at base and the soil data. Following are the types of foundations in
order of preference with a view to economy:
(i) Individual footings (isolated footing)
(ii) Combined footings (combination of individual footings
(iii) Strip footings with retaining wall acting as strip beam wherever
applicable.
(iv) Raft foundations of the types (a) slab (b) beam-slab.
The brick wall footings can also be designed. Often plinth beams are
provided to support brick walls and also to act as earthquake ties in each
principal direction.
Depth of foundation:
Depth of foundation below ground level can be obtained by using Rankines
formula:
Dimension of pedestal:
In the case of plain cement concrete pedestals, the angle between the plane
passing through the bottom edge of the pedestal and the corresponding
junction edge of the column with pedestal and the horizontal plane shall be
governed by the expression.
For one way shear action, the nominal shear stress in calculated as:
Where,
= shear stress
Two way shear (or two way bending action or punching shear) of
foundation:
For two way bending action, the following should be checked in punching
shear. Punching shear shall be around the perimeter 0.5 times the effective
depth away from the face of the column or pedestal.
For two way shear action, the nominal shear stress is calculated in
accordance with clause 31.6.2 of IS456: 2000 as follows:
Where
= shear stress
N/mm2
Note: It is general practice to make the base deep enough so that shear
reinforcement is not required.
Reinforcement in foundations:
Where,