/

3 :
-1
-2
-3

: Arch fire safety

:Elec fire Alarm
:Mech fire fighting

.
:
-1
-2

:NFPA .
:FOC .

.
:

-1
. 30
.
.
-2

-3
.
.
-4

Fire fighting sys classification
Water sys
2-Gas sys -1
:
-1
-2
-3

Sprinkler sys .
Hazel sys .
Fire hydrant sys .

:
Fire Extinguisher .
-1
FM-200, CO2, FE-13 -2 .

:
-1 Combustion material
-2 Oxygen
-3
Ignition temperature


.


. .
Automatic sprinkler sys:
:
-1 ....... Glass type

.
-2 ....... Fusible link type

.
68
110.



.
: . "or 3/4 "1/2
:
Pendant type sprinkler :
-1
.
:Up right sprinkler
-2
.

:Side wall sprinkler

-3
.
:
:Intermediate level sprinkler
-1

.
Corrosion resistant sprinkler :
-2

.
Decorative sprinkler :
-3
.
:
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6

. No of sprinkler
. Distance
. GPM
Head.
. Water tank
. Size of pipe

) (
.
:


1- Light Hazard : ............. .

- ............... .
2- Ordinary Hazard :
1- Group (1) :
.

2- Group (2):

.
3- Extra Hazard:
1- Group (1):
37.8 .......... .
2- Group (2): .
Protection Area Limitations per Sprinkler:
.
.

:


.

Protection Area Limitations per Sprinkler

Hazard
Area
Distance between
)(m2
)sprinkler (m
Light Hazard
18.6
4.6
Ordinary Hazard
12.1
4.6
Extra Hazard
9.3
3.7

) (Head .
Protection Area Limitations per Sprinkler
Hazard
Area
Distance between
)(m2
)sprinkler (m
Light Hazard
15
4.2
Ordinary Hazard
11.5 - 12
3.7
Extra Hazard
8
3

-:
-1
.
-2 4 102 .

-3

.
-4
.
Sprinkler Operation Area: .
5
30 . .
)Area (m2
139
139
232

Hazard
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard

-:
1- Main line:
.
2- Cross Main:
.
. 3- Branch line:

Hydraulic Calculation
,
:
No of Sprinkler = Area / Area coverage per Sprinkler
-:
Area = 10 X 20 = 200 m2
No of Sprinkler = 200 / 12.1= 17 sprinkler
. 18

Q gpm = 29.83 C d2 (P psi) 1/2
Where:
d: Sprinkler Diameter in inch.
Psi = Ft (head) X 0.433
C: material of Sprinkler.
We have (C, d) are constant for sprinkler
So we get:
Q gpm = K (P psi) 1/2
K: constant for sprinkler
Percent of
"nominal 1/2
Discharge
25
33.3
50
75
100
140

K Factor

Orifice type

Nominal orifice
)Size (in

1.3 1.5
1.8 2.0
2.6 2.9
4.0 4.4
5.3 5.8
7.4 8.2

Small
Small
Small
Small
Standard
Large

1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
17/32

K = 5.65
K .
Q = AX
Where:Q: minimum flow required
A: area of coverage
: required density
.
6

Hydraulic Calculation .
-1 . Ft2 130
-2
No of Operated Sprinkler = A operative / A operative per sprinkler
= .Sprinkler 12 = 11.54 = 130 / 1500
-3
1.2 X (A operation) 1/2

= No of Sprinkler across branch

Distance between sprinklers across branch

= 1.2 X (1500) 0.5 / 13 = 3.57 = 4 Sprinkler.
-4


-5

-:
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9

) : (1
) : (2 ) (Bl-1 ,1 . 1
) : (3 q Q .
Q = q in Sp No 1 + q in Sp No 2
) : (4
.
) : (5 .
) : (6 .
) : (7 .
) : (8 Pt
Pe Pf .
) : (10
q = K X (P) 0.5

P q .K=5.65

For Ordinary Hazard, Group (1), 1500 Ft2

Step No

/
Nozzle
Location

Bl-1

Flow
in
gpm

Bl-1

DN
RN

Cm
to
Bl-2

1"

1.25"

1.5"

q=23.2
Q=85.4

1.5"

2T

Bl-3
to
cm
Cm
to
F.F
UG
Cro
wn
pipe

Friction
losses psi

Q =85.4

C120

Pt = 11.9
Pe =

T =13
L = 13
F=0

0.124

Pf= 1.6
Pt = 13.5
Pe =

0.125

0.132

T =13
L = 20.5
F = 16

F=

"2

Q =172

"2.5

0.237

Q
=260.4

Q
=260.4

Q
=260.4

"2.5

"3

Pf= 1.6
Pt = 15.1
Pe =
Pf= 1.7
Pt = 16.8
Pe =
Pf= 8.6
Pt = 25.4

0.07

Pe =

T =10

Pf= 0.7

L = 10
F=

Pt = 26.1
Pe =

0.109

T =10
L = 70
F=

q
=88.4

Pressure
summary

L = 13
F=0

T =36.5
L = 10

q = 86.6

Bl-2
to
Bl-3

Equiv.
pipe
length

T =13
L = 13
F=0

q=22
Q=62.2

Pipe
Fitting

q=20.7
Q=40.2

Pipe
size

q=
Q=19.5

Bl-1

0.233

E
AV

T =70
L = 119
F = 21

GV

T =140

E
GV

L = 50
F =32.2

0.081

Pf= 1.1
Pt =27.2
Pe =
Pf= 16.3
Pt =43.5
Pe = 6.5

Normal
pressure

D=0.15
gpm
K=5.65
q=AX =
130X0.15
=19.5
p=11.9
q=
5.65X
13.50.5=20
.7
q=
5.65X
15.10.5=22

q=
5.65X
16.80.5=23
.2
K = 85.4 /
25.40.5 =
16.95

q=
19.95X
26.10.5 =
86.6
q=
19.95X
27.20.5 =
88.4
Pe = 15 X
0.433 =
6.5

Pf= 11.3
C150

Pt =61.3
Pe =

Copper=
21X 1.51
= 32.2

0.061
T =82.2

Pf= 5
P t = 66.3

= .
L = 13 , F
. T = 13
q =A X = 130
gpm/ft20.15 , 9
q = 130 X 0.15 = 19.5 gpm.
q = K X (P) 0.5
P = [19.5 / 5.65] 2 = 11.9 psi.

40 100 psi
30 / 100 X 0.433 = 0.124 psi / Ft
0.124 X 13 = 1.6 psi
+

Pt2 = 1.6 + 11.9 = 13.5 psi
Q q ,
q = 5.65 X (13.5)0.5 = 20.7 gpm.
Q = 20.7 + 19.5 = 40.2 gpm.
. 3
4
T T 2
. T = 8 Ft
5 q = 85.4
p = 25.4
q, p
k
0.5
K = 85.4 / (25.4) = 16.95
6 k = 16.95

7 p q Q
k . "2.5
8 "3 ,
90 Pe
.
9

Q = 260.4 gpm, P = 66.3 psi

Pipe Schedule
9

:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .Extra Hazard
.
.
15psi Light ordinary psi 20
residual pressure losses
residual pressure total pressure . gpm
density = 0.15 . working area = 1500 ft2
gpm = 1500 X 0.15 = 225
. operative area . 12
gpm / sp = 100 / 225 = 19 gpm per sprinkler
. pipe sch
gpm 19 .

Light hazard pipe schedule

Copper
2 Sprinkler
3 Sprinkler
5 Sprinkler
12 Sprinkler
40 Sprinkler
65 Sprinkler
115 Sprinkler

steel
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4

1
2 Sprinkler
1
3 Sprinkler
1
5 Sprinkler
2
10 Sprinkler
2
30 Sprinkler
3
60 Sprinkler
3
100 Sprinkler
4
For SI Unite 1 in.= 25.4mm

Ft2 52000 ) (4831m2 100

. Ordinary Hazard

Ordinary Hazard Pipe Schedule

10

steel

Copper

1
2 Sprinkler
1
3 Sprinkler
1
5 Sprinkler
2
10 Sprinkler
2
20 Sprinkler
3
40 Sprinkler
3
65 Sprinkler
4
100 Sprinkler
5
160 Sprinkler
6
275 Sprinkler
For SI Unite 1 in.= 25.4mm

1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
5
6

2 Sprinkler
3 Sprinkler
5 Sprinkler
12 Sprinkler
25 Sprinkler
45 Sprinkler
75 Sprinkler
115 Sprinkler
180 Sprinkler
300 Sprinkler

-:Extra Hazard Pipe Schedule

steel

Copper

1
1 Sprinkler
1
2 Sprinkler
1
5 Sprinkler
2
8 Sprinkler
2
15 Sprinkler
3
27 Sprinkler
3
40 Sprinkler
4
55 Sprinkler
5
90 Sprinkler
6
150 Sprinkler
For SI Unite 1 in.= 25.4mm

1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
5
6

1 Sprinkler
2 Sprinkler
5 Sprinkler
8 Sprinkler
20 Sprinkler
30 Sprinkler
45 Sprinkler
65 Sprinkler
100 Sprinkler
170 Sprinkler

. (m2 2323) Ft2 25000

Fire Hose
11

-:
:Hose Reel -1 Rubber .
:Hose Rack -2
.
or 1 1 gpm 100
, bar 4.5 2 gpm 250 . bar 4.5
3 :
:Exposed -1 25 .
:Semi predated -2 10 15.
:Recessed -3 .

: Hose Cabinet
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5

.
.
30 Travel Distance
6 .
.
90 150 .

, Fire Hydrant
30 2.5 bar 4.5 . gpm 250
Dry Riser 4
check Valve Riser Siemens Connection Landing Valve
Siemees Connection

:
.
.
.

) ZV (zone control valve :

12

:Gate Valve OS&Y Gate Valve with Temp. Switch

:Pressure Gage .
:Water flow Switch .
: Glass Valve Test
:Glass Tube .
:Drain Valve .

Drain & Test Valve Valve

.

Pump Selection

13

gpm 250
bar 4.5
riser gpm 250 gpm 1250
.gpm 1250
.
header 3
Electrical pump -1
Diesel pump -2
Jucking pump -3
,

gpm 15: 10

245psi psi 240
. psi 230
centefigual gpm 15 head = 30 ft
50 80 .
Split case pump
Head & gpm
-:
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7

Q H .
.
Q % 150 H % 65 .
Shut down pressure % 140
FM & UL
Net positive suction head 10 . psi 20
25 . gpm 5000

Q1 / Q2 = N1 / N2 = D1 / D2
H1 / H2 = N1 / N2 = D1 / D2
Bph 1 / bph 2 = N1 / N2 = D1 / D2

14

rpm 1450

rpm 2900

)(prv
pressure reducing valve
prv 9 psi 10
- :
-1
-2
-3

-4
-5

header cavitations
.
:
: Check Valve
-1
: Gate Valve
-2
:Flexible Connection
-3

: Strainer
-4
:Flow Meter .gpm
-5
Insulator Rubber

"2

-:
test pump bar 13.6 1.5
24
% 5 .
.
expansion joint .

15

Water Tank

Hazard
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard

Time
min 60 : 30
min 120 : 90
min 120

-:
gpm 750 Ordinary Hazard

= V = 750 gpm X 90 min X 3.785 / 1000
Say tank volume equal to = 100 m3
-:
-1 60
-2
-3

-4 10
pressure drop cavitations anti vortex plate
plate D 2.5
-5 paddle flange

-6 .
-7 "4 Over Flow alarm
-8 drain pipe 50
cm X 50 cm cm 10 .
make up pipe -9 4

Vent pipe 10 wire mesh

-11 Flow Valve
-12 branch
30 20 .

16

Fire Extinguishers



Definitions: Class A Fire:
Class B Fire:
Class C Fire:
Class D Fire:
Classification of Hazard:Light: Class A & little of Class B
Ordinary: Class A & B
Extra: Class A & B but with large quantity.
Selection of Extinguishers:
Class A Fire: Water or Dry Chemical
Class B Fire: Foam, FFFP, AFFF, CO2, Dry Chemical.
Class C Fire: Co2, Dry Chemical.
Class D Fire: According to Material & its chap bars or not
Fire Extinguisher Size & Placement for Class A Hazard :-

17