Normal Results

It is normal to have some bilirubin in the blood. A normal level is:

Direct (also called conjugated) bilirubin: 0 to 0.3 mg/dL

Total bilirubin: 0.3 to 1.9 mg/dL

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different
measurements or may test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your
specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

In newborns, bilirubin level is higher for the first few days of life. Your child's provider must
consider the following when deciding whether your baby's bilirubin level is too high:

How fast the level has been rising

Whether the baby was born early
The baby's age

Jaundice can also occur when more red blood cells than normal are broken down. This can be
caused by:

A blood disorder called erythroblastosis fetalis

A red blood cell disorder called hemolytic anemia
Transfusion reaction in which red blood cells that were given in a transfusion are
destroyed by the person's immune system

The following liver problems may also cause jaundice or a high bilirubin level:

Scarring of the liver (cirrhosis)

Swollen and inflamed liver (hepatitis)
Other liver disease
Disorder in which bilirubin is not processed normally by the liver (Gilbert disease)

The following problems with gallbladder or bile ducts may cause higher bilirubin levels:

Abnormal narrowing of the common bile duct (biliary stricture)

Cancer of the pancreas or gallbladder
Gallstones

Alternative Names
Total bilirubin - blood; Unconjugated bilirubin - blood; Indirect bilirubin - blood; Conjugated
bilirubin - blood; Direct bilirubin - blood

References
Ives NK, Mieli-Vergani G, Hadzic N, Newell S, Sugarman I. Gastroenterology. In: Rennie JM,
ed. Rennie and Robsertson's Textbook of Neonatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier;
2012:chap 29.
Pratt DS. Liver chemistry and function tests. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds.
Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease:
Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders;
2016:chap 73.

Update Date 2/8/2015

Updated by: Laura J. Martin, MD, MPH, ABIM Board Certified in Internal Medicine and
Hospice and Palliative Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla
Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.