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Chapter 16 | Electrode Atlas Overview | 253

Trunk movements have been studied primarily in

terms of flexion, extension, side bending, and rotation.
Flexion of the trunk brings one forward as if to touch
the toes, while extension occurs when one leans back.
The term return of the trunk indicates a return to midline from a flexed position. Side bending occurs when
the subject bends to the side while sliding the hand
down the leg. Axial rotation of the trunk entails rotation
of the chest relative to the pelvis. In some cases, the
hips must be stabilized to facilitate and isolate rotation of
the torso. Flexion and extension of the trunk are illustrated in Figure 1611.
Supination

Pronation

Figure 167 Pronation and supination at the

radioulnar joint.

A. Dorsiflexion

C. Radial
abduction

D. Ulnar
adduction

B. Palmar flexion

Figure 168 Function of muscles acting on the wrist. (A) Extension, (B) flexion, (C) radial abduction, and (D) ulnar adduction.

Figure 169 Finger flexion and extension of the thumb and fingers.