(Sampling Techniques)

(Population)

N
(Parameter)
( ) ( 2 )
(Sampling)
n
(Statistic) ( X )
( S2 )

189

7.1
2
( Probability Sampling ) ( NonProbability
Sampling )

1) (N) (All Possible
Sample)
2)

3)

190

4)
4
. ( Simple Random Sampling )
. ( Systematic Random Sampling )
. ( Stratified Random Sampling )
. ( Cluster Random Sampling )

n N

2 (With Replacement)
1
(Without Replacement)
N

n
1
2
Nn

Xi
i = 1,2,3,,N

1) n
2) N

191

3) n

N Z2 2
N d 2 Z2 2

n 2
d

.(7.1)

.(7.2)

d
Y y d

()
2 S 2 (1-)100%
() 0.05

2

Z 2 pq
n

d2

.(7.3)

7.1 UHT
1000 2

192

N Z2 2
N d 2 Z2 2

2 S 2
(Pilot Survey) S 2 =25 ()2 1
95% 0.05
Z =1.96
n

1000 (1.96) 2 (25)

1000 (1) 2 (1.96) 2 (25)

87.62

88
88

k
1


1)

2) (Order)

3) (Periodic)
1)
2) 3)

193

1) n N
1 2 3 N
2) k = N / n () r
r , r+k ,
r+2k , . , r+jk 1 r+jk N j = 0,1,2,
7.2 N = 20 n = 5 r = 3
r = 5
r = 3

20
4
5

3 7 11 15 19 7.1

7.1 (Linear Systematic Sampling)

r = 5

20
4
5

5 9 13 17 21

7.2

7.2
3) k
n 7.2 (Forward - Backward)
7.2 r = 10 , N = 20 ,
n = 5 , k = 4 7.3

7.3 (Forward-Backward)
4) k

194

n ( Circular Systematic Sampling)

r = 5 , N = 20 , n = 5 , k = 4
7.4

7.4 (Circular Systematic Sampling)

NS2
n
N 1 d 2 S 2
4

.(7.4)

Npq
n
N 1d 2 p q
4

.(7.5)

(Stratum)

(Homogeneity Within Stratum) (Heterogeneity
Between Stratum)

195

1) L = nh
h = 1,2,3,.,L
L

nh n

h 1

2)
7.5

n1

n2

nL

n = n1 + n2 + .+ nL

7.5 (Stratified Random Sampling)

196

h h = 1,2,3,,L
Nh
h
nh
h
Sh
h
Ch
h
(nh)
nh
1)
2)
3)
(nh) (C)
nh

N h Sh / C h
L

h 1

N h Sh /

Ch

.(7.6)

nh

nNh S h

.(7.7)

Nh S h

h 1

(n) n = n1 + n2 + .. + nL
n nh
N P Q
n h n h h h
N P Q
h
h h

.(7.8)

C nh
N P Q /C
n h n h h h h
N P Q /C
h
h h h

Ph

.(7.9)

h Q h 1 Ph

197

M
m
(Single Stage Cluster Sampling)

2 (Two Stage Cluster Sampling)
(Multi Stage Cluster Sampling) 7.6

7. 6 (Cluster Random Sampling)

4
3


n


Taro Yamane R.V Krejcie and D.W.
Morgan 7.1 7.3

198

7.1 Taro Yamane 95%

500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
50,000
100,000

100,000

1%
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
5,000
6,000
6,667
7,143
8,333
9,091
10,000

2%
b
b
b
b
1,250
1,364
1,458
1,538
1,607
1,667
1,765
1,842
1,905
1,957
2,000
2,143
2,222
2,273
2,381
2,439
2,500

3%
b
b
638
718
769
811
843
870
891
909
938
959
976
989
1,000
1,034
1,053
1,064
1,087
1,099
1,111

4%
b
385
441
476
500
517
530
541
549
556
566
574
580
584
588
600
606
610
617
621
625

5%
222
286
361
333
345
353
359
364
367
370
375
378
381
383
385
390
392
394
397
398
400

10 %
83
91
94
95
96
97
97
98
98
98
98
99
99
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100

: b ( Interval Scale )

7.2 Taro Yamane 99%

500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
50,000
100,000
: b

1%
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
11,842
15,517
18,367
22,500

2%
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
2,903
3,119
3,303
3,462
3,600
4,091
4,390
4,592
5,056
5,325
5,625

3%
b
b
b
b
b
1,364
1,458
1,539
1,607
1,667
1,765
1,842
1,905
1,957
2,000
2,143
2,222
2,273
2,381
2,439
2,500

4%
b
b
726
826
900
958
1,003
1,041
1,071
1,098
1,139
1,171
1,196
1,216
1,233
1,286
1,314
1,331
1,368
1,387
1,406

5%
b
474
563
621
622
692
716
735
750
763
783
798
809
818
826
849
861
869
884
892
900

199

7.3 R.V. Krejcie D.W. Morgan

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
130
140

10
14
19
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
59
63
66
70
73
76
80
86
92
97
103

150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440

108
113
118
123
127
132
136
140
144
148
152
155
159
162
165
169
175
181
186
191
196
201
205

460
480
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900

210
2,000
322
214
2,200
327
217
2,400
331
226
2,600
335
234
2,800
338
242
3,000
341
248
3,500
345
254
4,000
351
260
4,500
354
265
5,000
357
269
6,000
361
274
7,000
364
278
8,000
367
285
9,000
368
291
10,000
370
297
15,000
375
302
20,000
377
306
30,000
379
310
40,000
380
313
50,000
381
317
75,000
382
320
100,000
384

3
2 1.
2.


8

200

1)
1
2)
()

3)
6
10,000


3.1)
3.2)
10 10

4) 3)
0.49
0.1 95 %

5)
3