Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ProfessorMarieLo
FRINQ:R&SJ
12November2015
PlayingintheDark
Response
InToniMorrisons
PlayingintheDark
,shediscussesthepresenceofAfricanism
andraceandethnicityinoureverydaylives,especiallyinliteraryworks.Shedraws
examplesfromfamedwhitewriters,andthroughthestorytellingsofthoselikeEdgar
AllenPoe,ErnestHemingway,MarkTwain,andsoon.Inthebeginningofthetextshe
defineswhathermaintopicofdiscussionisandthatistheword
Africanism
.
Africanism
ismainlyherfirstrealissueandshegoesaboutbydefining,understanding,andrelating
examplestoexplainherpointofhowandwhyAfricanismexistssolargelyinour
everydayAmericanculture.
Africanism
hasalargemeaningbutoverallmy
interpretationisthatitisthewaythepresenceandpersonaofnonwhiteshasbeen
constructed,viewedandassimilatedthroughouthistory,herfocusbeingthroughliterary
works(6).Thefirstissuethatshebringsupisthefactthatmanyliterarynovels,herein
theUnitedStatesandinmanyothercountries,theEuropeanandEuropeanized,write
aboutracismasanaturalphenomenon.Shehasanotherissuewithmanyliterary
criticswhohaveneverreadaliteraryworkbyanAfricanAmericanandyettheyreread
theclassicsagain,andmanyoftheclassicsandliteraryworksthattheyaffameare
theworksthatmisogynizesblackwomenandcastplaysblackmen.Laterinthetextshe
pointsoutthatmanyauthorsdonotinflictthemisappropriatedviewsofblacks
purposely,rathertheywritethroughalensethattheymaynotfullyunderstandandthe
writingthattheydoisbecauseofthelackofknowledgeandunderstandingofwhat
reallyoccurswithintheblackculture.Africanism,especiallyinAmericanliteraturehas
beenusedtoobjectifyandstereotypethoseofnonwhitedescent.Throughher
inspectionofMarkTwainandHenryDunbarshelooksattheirwritingsfortheAfricanist
presenceoftheircharacters.
Morrisontalksaboutthemetaphorofraceinliteratureandhowblacksareoften
thecenterofsubgroupedthemes.Inherconclusionshestatesthatoftenblacksare
reflectedthroughevilorgoodthemes,andwhitenessisportrayedthroughthedullness
andmuteness.