S

DA WA HERIA K
AA
WA
S
M
KE
AWA

KITU
O

N
WA

CH
A

Haki za Mwanamke
Katika Sheria za Ardhi

ME

TR

N S

N
L E G AL A I D C E

WLAC
Kituo cha Msaada wa Sheria kwa Wanawake (WLAC)
S. L. P 79212, Dar es Salaam - Tanzania
Simu: +255 22 2664051
Nukushi: +255 22 2667222
Baruapepe: wlac@wlac.or.tz
Tovuti: www.wlac.or.tz

KIMETAYARISHWA NA:

Kituo cha Msaada wa Sheria kwa Wanawake (WLAC)

WAANDAAJI
Mary Njau
Alphonce Katemi
Athanasia Soka
Scholastica Jullu
Wahariri
Hildegard Mlale
Rehema Msami
Theodosia Muhulo
WLAC July
20112013
ISBN 978 9987 733 - 05 -7

YALIYOMO
1.0

Utangulizi ......................................... 1
1.1

Lengo................................

2.0

Ardhi ni nini......................................
2.1 Misingi mikuu ya Sheria za Ardhi......................
2.2 Fidia ya Ardhi.................................................
2.3 Mgawanyo wa Ardhi.......................................

2
2
3
4

3.0

Sheria ya Ardhi, sura ya 113.....................

4.0

3.1

Usimamizi wa Ardhi......................... 6

3.2

Nani anaweza kuomba haki ya kumiliki ardhi chini

ya Sheria ya Ardhi.......................................... 8

3.3

Umiliki wa ardhi chini ya Sheria ya Ardhi.................

3.4

Umiliki wa pamoja na mahusiano baina ya

wanandoa................................................................. 10

3.5

Taratibu za kuomba umiliki wa ardhi..................... 10

3.6

Kugawa au kuhamisha haki ya kumiliki ardhi......... 11

3.7

Kuweka ardhi rehani.......................... 12

3.8

Ukodishaji na upangaji................................. 15

Sheria ya Ardhi ya Vijiji, sura ya 114 ....................... 16

4.1

Ardhi ya kijiji ni ipi....................... 16

4.2

Mgawanyo wa ardhi ya kijiji...................... 16

4.3

Nafasi ya mwanamke katika kumiliki ardhi ya kijiji..... 17

4.4

Utumikaji wa sera ya Taifa ya Ardhi............................ 17

4.5

Utawala wa Usimamizi wa ardhi ya kijiji ............. 17

4.6

Nani anayeweza kuomba umiliki wa ardhi ya kijiji..... 19

4.7

Utaratibu wa kuomba umiliki wa ardhi ya kijiji............ 20

iii

4.8

Kurejesha, kugawa au kuhamisha haki ya kumiliki

ardhi.......................................................................... 21

4.9

Rehani, Upangaji na ukodishaji ................ 22

5.0

Makosa ya Jinai kwenye Sheria za Ardhi...................... 22

6.0

Usuluhishi na utatuzi wa migogoro ya ardhi............. 25

6.1

Sheria ya mahakama za utatuzi wa migogoro ya

ardhi, sura ya 216.................... 25

7.0

Changamoto.......................... 28

8.0

Hitimisho............................ 28

iv

1.0 UTANGULIZI
$5'+,LQDXPXKLPXPNXEZDNDWLNDPDLVKD\DELQDGDPX$UGKLQL
PRMD \D UDVLOLPDOL \D PVLQJL NDWLND XKDL QD PDHQGHOHR \D
ELQDGDPX ZDQ\DPD PLPHD QD YLXPEH Y\RWH 8FKXPL ZD
7DQ]DQLDXQDWHJHPHDNLOLPRNXNLGKLPDKLWDML\DZDWDQ]DQLDZDOLR
ZHQJL $UGKL QL UDVLOLPDOL PXKLPX DPED\R NLOD PZDQDQFKL KDQD
EXGLNXLSDWDLOLNXLPLOLNLNXLWXPLDQDNXLWXQ]D
$UGKL QL UDVLOLPDOL LQD\RKLWDMLND NXHQGHOH]D VHNWD Q\LQJLQH ]D
XFKXPL ]LNLZHPR YLZDQGD ELDVKDUD PDND]L \D ELQDGDPX
EDUDEDUDNLOLPRQDPDWXPL]LPHQJLQH\R+LY\REDVLDUGKLQLKLWDML
PXKLPXQDQLKDNL\DNLODELQDGDPX.XPQ\LPDPWX\H\RWHKDNL\D
NXPLOLNL NXWXQ]D QD NXLWXPLD  DUGKL QL XYXQMDML ZD KDNL ]D
ELQDGDPX.ZDPXGDPUHIXVDVDPLODQDGHVWXULQ\LQJLNDWLNDQFKL
\HWX ]LPHNXZD ]LNLPQ\LPD PZDQDPNH KDNL Q\LQJL ]D PVLQJL
PRMDZDSRLNLZDQLKDNL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKLXNLOLQJDQLVKDQDLOLY\RNZD
PZDQDPXPH 1L EDDGD \D NXJXQGXD XNZHOL KXR QD NXRQD
PFKDQJR ZD PZDQDPNH NDWLND MDPLL PDPER PHQJL
\DQDUHNHELVKZDLOLNXRQGRDWRIDXWL]LOL]RSRNDWL\DMLQVL\DNLNHQD
\D NLXPHKXVXVDQLNDWLNDKDNL]DR]DPVLQJL
+LY\R6KHULD]D$UGKL]DPZDND]LPHWXQJZDNXZHNDED\DQD
PDVXDODKD\RQD]DLGLNXRQGRDWRIDXWL]LOL]RSR]DXPLOLNLZDDUGKL
EDLQD\DZDQDZDNHQDZDQDXPH
6KHULD KL]L ]LPHIDQ\LZD PDUHNHELVKR PDUD WDWX \DDQL
PZDND  QD  0ZDND  QD 
PDUHNHELVKR \DOL\RIDQ\LND \DOLKXVX VZDOD OD UHKDQL QD XPLOLNL
ZD YLSDQGH Y\D $UGKL QD PZDND  PDUHNHELVKR
\DOL\RIDQ\LND \DOLKXVX VHKHPX \D XSDQJDML
.LWDEXKLNLNLQDWRDXIDIDQX]LZDVKHULDWDWX]LQD]RKXVXPDPER\D
DUGKL DPED]R QL 6KHULD \D DUGKL 6XUD \D  NDPD VKHULD
]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZD6KHULD\D$UGKL\D9LMLMLVXUD\DNDPD
LOLY\RUHNHELVKZDPZDNDQD6KHULD\D0DKDNDPD\D8WDWX]L

ZD 0LJRJRUR \D $UGKL VXUD \D  NDPD ]LOLY\RIDQ\LZD

PDUHNHELVKRPZDND
1.1

LENGO
.XMHQJD XHOHZD ZD KDNL ]D ZDQDZDNH QD MDPLL NDPD
]LOLY\RDLQLVKZDQDVKHULD]DDUGKL
.XKDPDVLVKDZDQDZDNHQDMDPLLNXWXPLDQDIDVLZDOL\RSHZD
NXRPEDDUGKLDPED\RQLUDVLOLPDOLNZDDMLOL\DNXNX]DNLSDWR
FKDR
.XKDPDVLKD-DPLLNXKXVXPDWXPL]LERUD\D$UGKLQD
NXSDPEDQDQDXSRUDMLZD$UGKLXQDRIDQ\ZDQDZDJHQL
NDWLNDPDHQHR\DYLMLMLQL
3DPRMD QD KD\D SLD PVRPDML DWDZH]D NXMXD DUGKL QL QLQL
NLVKHULD PLVLQJL PLNXX \D DUGKL DLQD ]D XPLOLNL ZD DUGKL
WDUDWLEX ]LQD]RSDVZD NXIXDWZD ZDNDWL ZD NXZHND UHKDQL
NXNRGLVKDDXNXSDQJLVKDXWDZDODQDXVLPDPL]LZDPDVXDOD
\D DUGKL XVXOXKLVKL QD XWDWX]L ZD PLJRJRUR \D DUGKL QD
PDNRVD\DMLQDLNDPD\DOLY\RDLQLVKZDNDWLNDVKHULD]DDUGKL

2.0

ARDHI NI NINI?

6KHULD]DDUGKL]LQDWDIVLULDUGKLNDWLNDPDDQDLIXDWD\R
$UGKL QL SDPRMD QD DUGKL LQD\RRQHNDQD YLWX YLOLY\RRWD MXX \DNH
Q\XPED QD PDMHQJR PHQJLQH \D NXGXPX SDPRMD QD YLWX Y\RWH
YLOLY\RSR FKLQL \D DUGKL LVLSRNXZD PDGLQL QD PDIXWD SHWUROHXP
+LY\R EDVL XQDSR]XQJXP]LD DUGKL XQDKXVLVKD Q\XPED PDMHQJR
\DNXGXPXPLPHDQDYLWXY\RWHYLOLY\RPRDUGKLQLLVLSRNXZDPDGLQL
QDPDIXWD
2.1

MISINGI MIKUU YA SHERIA ZA ARDHI

6KHULD\D$UGKLQD6KHULD\D$UGKL\D9LMLML]LPHRURGKHVKDPLVLQJL
PLNXX\DDUGKLNDPDLOLY\RDLQLVKZDFKLQL\D6HUD\D$UGKL\D7DLID
\DPZDND%DDGKL\DPVLQJLKL\RQL

2.2 FIDIA YA ARDHI

.
Nani mwenye haki ya kudai fidia:

MISINGI YA UKADIRIAJI WA FIDIA

.
2.3

MGAWANYO WA ARDHI

a)

Ardhi ya jumla

b)

Ardhi ya Vijiji

\DVHULNDOL]DPLWDD0DPODND]DZLOD\DVXUD\DNDPDVKHULD

]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZDPZDND
c)
Ardhi ya hifadhi
+LLQLDUGKLDPED\RLPHWHQJZDNZDPDGKXPXQLPDDOXPXQD\RQL
SDPRMDQD

0DHQHR\DKLIDGKL\DPLVLWX

0EXJD]DZDQ\DPDSRUL

+LIDGKL]DPDMLEDKDULPLWRPDEZDZDPD]LZD

$UGKL\HQ\HPDMLPDML

+LIDGKL\DEDUDEDUD

0DHQHR\DZD]L

0DHQHR\DOL\RWDQJD]ZDNXZDQLDUGKL\DKDWDUL
MUHIMU
6KHULD KL]L ]LPH]LQJDWLD PVLQJL ZD XVDZD QD KDNL NDWLND
NXPLOLNL DUGKL 6KHULD ]LPHHOH]D ED\DQD NXZD KDNL \D NLOD
PZDQDPNH NXSDWD NXPLOLNL NXWXPLD QD NXVKXJXOLNLD
PDVXDOD \DQD\RKXVX DUGKL LWDNXZD VDZD QD NZD PDVKDUWL
\DOH\DOHNDPDLOLY\RNZDPZDQDXPH
6KHULD LPHRQGRD XEDJX]L GKLGL \D ZDQDZDNH +LY\R
0ZDQDPNH DQD\HWDND DUGKL DWDIXDWD WDUDWLEX ]RWH
]LQD]RKXVLND QD KDSDVZL NXQ\LPZD DUGKL NZD VDEDEX WX
\H\HQLPZDQDPNH
3.0

SHERIA YA ARDHI, SURA YA 113 (KAMA SHERIA

ZILIVYOREKEBISHWA MWAKA 2002)

6KHULD KLL LQDKXVX PDVXDOD \RWH \D XVLPDPL]L ZD DUGKL XPLOLNDML
XZHNDMLUHKDQLXSDQJDMLXWDWX]LZDPLJRJRUR\DDUGKLSDPRMDQD
PDPER\DQD\RKXVLDQDQDDUGKLNZDXMXPOD
1L PXKLPX NXHOHZD NZDPED DUGKL LQD\R]XQJXP]LZD NDWLND KLL
VKHULDKDLKXVLDQLQDDUGKL\DYLMLMLNZDVDEDEXXVLPDPL]LZDDUGKL
\DYLMLMLQLQDPDVXDOD\RWH\DQD\RKXVLDQDQD\R\DQDVKXJKXOLNLZD

QD 6+(5,$ <$ $5'+, <$ 9,-,-, VXUD \D  NDPD VKHULD
]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZDPZDND
3.1 Usimamizi wa ardhi
.ZDPXMLEXZDVKHULD]DDUGKL]LSRQJD]LPEDOLPEDOL]DXVLPDPL]L
QDXWHNHOH]DMLZDPDVXDOD\DDUGKLNDPDLIXDWDY\R
i.

Rais
1GL\H PVLPDPL]L PNXX ZD PDVXDOD \RWH \D DUGKL
7DQ]DQLD$QDZDMLEXZDNXPWHXDZD]LULQDNDPLVKQD
ZDDUGKL$QDXZH]RZDNXEDGLOLVKDDUGKLNXWRNDNXQGL
PRMD NZHQGD OLQJLQH PIDQR DUGKL \D NLMLML NXZD \D
KLIDGKL

ii.

Waziri wa Ardhi
:DMLEXZDNHPNXXQLNXXQGD6HUD\D$UGKL\D7DLIDQD
NXVLPDPLD XWHNHOH]DML ZD VHUD KL\R 3LD DQDWDNLZD
NXVLPDPLD XWHNHOH]DML ZD 6KHULD ]D $UGKL QD DQD
XZH]RZDNXXQGDNDPDWL]DNXJDZDDUGKLQD%DUD]DOD
7DLIDODXVKDXULODDUGKL

iii.

Kamishna wa Ardhi
1GL\HPWHQGDMLQDPVKDXULPNXXZDPDVXDOD\DDUGKL
7DQ]DQLD $QDZDMLELND NXWRD Q\DUDND PLRQJR]R QD
PDHOHNH]R PEDOLPEDOL MXX \D XWHNHOH]DML ZD VHUD QD
6KHULD ]D $UGKL $QDZDMLELND SLD NXWD\DULVKD ULSRWL \D
PZDNDMXX\DXWHQGDMLP]LPDZDPDVXDOD\DDUGKL

iv.

Kamati za ugawaji wa ardhi

+XPVKDXUL QD NXPVDLGLD .DPLVKQD ZD $UGKL NXKXVX
PDRPEL \D NXPLOLNL DUGKL NDWLND VHKHPX ]D PDNDR
PDNXXPLMLQLQD:LOD\DQL

v.

Baraza la Taifa la ushauri la ardhi

+XDQJDOLDQDNXSLWLDXS\DPDVXDOD\DDUGKLQDPXXQGR
ZD ND]L QD NXPVKDXUL ZD]LUL MXX \D VHUD \D 7DLID \D

DUGKL NZD QLD \D NXWRD PDSHQGHNH]R QD NXIDQ\D

PDEDGLOLNRLQDSRELGL
vi.

Halmashauri ya wilaya
+XWRD XVKDXUL QD PZRQJR]R NZD NLOD +DOPDVKDXUL \D
NLMLML LOL\RSR NZHQ\H HQHR OD +DOPDVKDXUL KL\R MXX \D
XVLPDPL]L QD XHQGHVKDML ZD ND]L ]DNH +DWD KLY\R
XVKDXUL QD PLRQJR]R KL\R KDLWDNLZL NXWRIDXWLDQD DX
NZHQGDNLQ\XPHQDQ\DUDNDDXPDHOH]R\DNDPLVKQD
ZDDUGKL

vii.

Halmashauri ya kijiji
,QDZDMLELNDNDWLNDPDVXDOD\RWH\DXVLPDPL]LXJDZDML
QD XWXQ]DML ZD PLSDND \D DUGKL \D NLMLML NZD NXIXDWD
XVKDXULQDPLRQJR]RLQD\RWROHZDQDXRQJR]LXOLRSRMXX
\DNH,QDXZH]RZDNXXQGDNDPDWL\DPDDPX]L\DNLMLML
QD NXWRD XVKDXUL PZRQJR]R QD PDSHQGHNH]R NZD
NDPDWLKL\RMXX\DXWHNHOH]DMLZDND]L]DNH

viii. Mkutano mkuu wa kijiji

+XSLWLVKDPDRPEL\DXPLOLNLZDDUGKLNLMLMLQL
+XWRD XVKDXUL QD PZRQJR]R ZD XWHQGDML NZD
+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLML
ix.

Kamati ya maamuzi ya kijiji

+XWDPEXDDUGKL\DNLMLMLQDPLSDND\DNH
+XWHQJD DX NXZHND DNLED \D DUGKL DX NXWRD
PLSDND\DKDNL\DQMLDQDKDNL]LQJLQH]DNXWXPLD
QMLD DPED]R LWD]LRQD QL PXKLPX NZD XPLOLNL ERUD
ZDDUGKL
.XOLQGDPDVODKL\DZDQDZDNHZDWRWRZDOHPDYX
QDZDQDNLMLMLZDVLRNXZHSRNLMLMLQL

6KHULDKLLLPHPSD:D]LULDQD\HKXVLNDQDDUGKLXZH]RZDNXXQGD
.$0$7,=$ 8*$:$-,$5'+,NDWLNDQJD]L]DXRQJR]LZDVHULNDOL
]DPDNDRPDNXXPLMLQLQDZLOD\DQL
.DPDWL KL]L ]LWDNXZD QD MXNXPX OD NXPVKDXUL .DPLVKQD ZD$UGKL
NXKXVXPDRPEL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKL:D]LULSLDDPHSHZDPDPODND\D
NXXQGD %$5$=$ /$ 7$,)$ /$ 86+$85, :$ $5'+, DPEDOR
OLQDWDNLZD NXZD QD ZDMXPEH ZDVLRSXQJXD VDED  QD ZDVLR]LGL
NXPL QD PRMD  0ZHQ\HNLWL ZD EDUD]D KLOR DWDFKDJXOLZD QD
5DLV 6KHULD KLL LQDPWDND ZD]LUL kuhakikisha kuwepo kwa
uwiano sawa baina ya wanawake na wanaume wakati wa
kuunda kamati za ugawaji wa ardhi.
3.2

Nani anaweza kuomba haki ya kumiliki ardhi chini ya

sheria ya ardhi?
&KLQL \D 6KHULD \D$UGKL PWX DX ZDWX ZDQDRZH]D NXRPED
KDNL\DXPLOLNLZDDUGKLQL
0ZDQDPNH DX PZDQDXPH 0WDQ]DQLD PZHQ\H XPUL ZD
PLDNDQDNXHQGHOHD
.LNXQGLFKDZDWXZDZLOLDX]DLGLDPEDRQLUDLDZD7DQ]DQLD
QD DPEDR ZDPHMLXQJD SDPRMD FKLQL \D VKHULD KLL DX VKHULD
]LQJLQH]D7DQ]DQLD
0WX\H\RWHDXNLNXQGLFKRFKRWHFKDZDWXDPEDRQLUDLDDXVL
UDLD ZD7DQ]DQLD ZDQDZH]D NXRPED XPLOLNL ZD DUGKL ODNLQL
ZDWDSDWD KDNL PLOLNL LVL\R DVLOL GHULYDWLYH ULJKWV NZD DMLOL \D
XZHNH]DML
0WX DPED\H VL UDLD ZD 7DQ]DQLD KDZH]L NXSHZD KDNL \D
NXPLOLNL DUGKL LVLSRNXZD NZD PDGKXPXQL \D XZHNH]DML FKLQL
\D 6KHULD \D 8ZHNH]DML 6XUD \D  NDPD VKHULD
]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZDPZDND

3.3 Umiliki wa Ardhi chini ya Sheria ya Ardhi

.XQDDLQDPELOL]D8PLOLNLZDDUGKLQD]RQL

L

8PLOLNLZDPWXELQDIVLVKHULDLQDWRDQDIDVLQDKDNLNZD
PZDQDPNH DX PZDQDXPH NXRPED QD NXPLOLNL DUGKL
\DNH \H\H ELQDIVL 0ZDQDPNH KDWD NDPD DPHROHZD
DQDKDNL\DNXRPEDXPLOLNLZDDUGKL

LL

8PLOLNL ZD SDPRMD FRRFFXSDQF\ +XX QL XPLOLNL ZD

]DLGL\DPWXPPRMD

8PLOLNLZD3DPRMDXNRZDDLQDPELOL
D

8PLOLNLZDSDPRMDZDKLVD]LQD]RJDZDQ\LNDWHQDQF\LQ
FRPPRQ &KLQL \D XPLOLNL KXX HQGDSR PPLOLNL PPRMD
DWDIDULNLEDVLKLVD]DNH]LWDKDPLDNZDZDULWKLZDNH

E

8PLOLNL ZD SDPRMD ZD KLVDPDVODKL ]LVL]RJDZDQ\LND

MRLQW WHQDQF\ 6KHULD LPHZHND ED\DQD NXZD XPLOLNL
ZDDLQDKLLXQDWROHZDNZDLGKLQL\D0DKDNDPD.XXWX
&KLQL\DXPLOLNLKXXHQGDSRPPLOLNLPPRMDDWDIDULNLEDVL
KLVD ]DNH ]LWDKDPLD NZD ZDPLOLNL DX PPLOLNL DOL\HEDNL
ULJKW RI VXUYLYRUVKLS +LL LQD PDDQD \D NXZD ZDULWKL
ZDNH KDZDQD KDNL \D NXULWKL EDOL ZDOH ZD PPLOLNL ZD
PZLVKRDWDND\HNXZDDPHEDNLD

Sheria imeweka bayana kwamba umiliki wa pamoja wa hisa

zisizogawanyika utakaochukuliwa bila kibali cha mahakama ni
ule wa mke na mume. Watu wengine wote watakaopenda
kumiliki ardhi chini ya umiliki wa ardhi wa pamoja wa
maslahi/hisa zisizogawanyika watalazimika kwanza kupata
kibali cha mahakama kuu.
MUHIMU
.LODPPLOLNLZDSDPRMDDWDSHZDKDWL\DNH\DXPLOLNDMLZDSDPRMD
:DQDZDNH ZDKDNLNLVKH NXZD ZDQDSDWD KDWL \D XPLOLNDML 3LD
XJDZDML ZD DUGKL LQD\RPLOLNLZD NZD SDPRMD KDXZH]HNDQL QD
KDXUXKXVLZLLODWX
,ZDSR ZDPLOLNL ZRWH NZD SDPRMD PIDQR PXPH QD PNH
ZDWDULGKLDNXJDZDDUGKLKL\R

,ZDSR PPLOLNL PPRMD DQDDPXD NXZDSD DX NXWRD KLVD ]DNH

NZDZDOHZDPLOLNLZHQJLQHZDSDPRMDWX
3.4

Umiliki wa pamoja na mahusiano baina ya wanandoa

0ZDQDQGRDPPRMDDQDSRRPEDKDWLPLOLNL\DDUGKLDWDWDNLZD
NXHOH]D ED\DQD NDPD DQDFKXNXD KDWL PLOLNL KL\R NZD DMLOL
\DNHELQDIVLDXNZDDMLOL\DIDPLOLDNDWLNDKDWLPLOLNL\DSDPRMD
NZDPDVODKLDXKLVD]LVL]RJDZDQ\LND
(QGDSR MDPER KLOL KDOLWDZHNZD ED\DQD QD KDWL PLOLNL
LPHFKXNXOLZD NZD XPLOLNL ZD SDPRMD EDLQD \D ZDQDQGRD
EDVL NXWDNXZHSR QD GKDQD \D NXZD ZDQDQGRD ZRWH
ZDQDPLOLNLDUGKLKL\RNZDKLVD]LQD]RJDZDQ\LNDQDPVDMLOLZD
KDWL DWDWDNLZD NXZDDQGLNLVKD ZDQDQGRD KDR XPLOLNL ZD
SDPRMDZDKLVD]LQD]RJDZDQ\LND
,QDSRWRNHDNZDPEDPZDQDQGRDDQDPLOLNLDUGKLDXQ\XPED
NZD MLQD ODNH PZHQ\HZH QD PZDQDQGRD PZHQ]LH
DPHFKDQJLD QJXYX ]DNH NDWLND NXLWXQ]D DX NXLHQGHOH]D
Q\XPEDDXDUGKLKL\RPZDQDQGRDDOL\HFKDQJLDDQDKDNLSLD

3.5 Taratibu za kuomba umiliki wa ardhi

6KHULDKLLLQDHOHNH]DWDUDWLEX]LIXDWD]R

0DRPEL \DZHNZH QD NXZDVLOLVKZD NZHQ\H IRPX PDDOXPX
LQD\RDPEDWDQLVKZD QD SLFKD \D PZRPEDML 0DRPEL KD\R
\DZDVLOLVKZH ZLOD\DQL DX ZL]DUDQL NZD NDGUL \D VKHULD
]LQDY\RHOHNH]D


0DRPEL\DDPEDWDQLVKZHQDDGDNDPDLQDY\RHOH]ZDNZHQ\H
VKHULD



)RPXLVDLQLZHQDPZRPEDMLPZDNLOLVKLDXZDNDODPZRPEDML



0DRPEL \DHOH]H DX \DDPEDWDQLVKH WDDULID LQD\RWDNLZD

DPED\RNDPLVKQDZDDUGKLDWDLRPEDNZDPDDQGLVKL



0DRPEL \DDPEDWDQLVKZH QD RURGKD \D PDOL Q\LQJLQH

]LQD]RKXVLDQD QD DUGKL DQD\RPLOLNL PZRPEDML NZD ZDNDWL
KXR





(QGDSR VKHULD LQDWDND LGKLQL \D PDPODND \D VHULNDOL DX

PDPODND \D FKRPER FKRFKRWH NDEOD \D NXWRD LGKLQL \D
NXPLOLNLDUGKLEDVLOD]LPDXWDUDWLEXKXRXNDPLOLVKZH



.DPDRPELQLODPJHQLDXNDPSXQL\DNLJHQLOLDPEDWDQLVKZH
QD FKHWL FKD NXLGKLQLVKZD QD NLWHQJR FKD XZHNH]DML NZD
PXMLEX ZD 6KHULD \D 8ZHNH]DML VXUD \D  NDPD VKHULD
]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZDPZDND



%DDGD\DNXSRNHDQ\DUDNDQDPDHOH]R\RWH\DQD\RKLWDMLND
NDPLVKQD DWDDQ]D NXVKXJKXOLNLD RPEL NZD NXIXDWD VKHULD
LQDY\RDJL]D

ANGALIZO
.XWRNDQDQD0DEDGLOLNR\DOL\ROHWZDQDVKHULD\D0LNRSR\D8MHQ]L
ZD 1\XPED 7KH 0RUWJDJH )LQDQFLQJ $FW \D PZDND 
\DPHIXWD EDUXD \D WROHR OHWWHU RI RIIHU LQD\RSDVZD NXWROHZD QD
.DPLVKQDZDDUGKLPDUDEDDGD\DNXSRNHDPDRPEL\DDUGKL.ZD
NXZD .DPLVKD KDWDWRD EDUXD \D WROHR EDUXD \D NXNXEDOL
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\D .DPLVKQD NXSRNHD PDRPEL \D PZRPEDML NX\DSLWLD QD NXRQD
DQDIDDNXPLOLNLVKZDDUGKLEDVL.DPLVKQDDWDPSDWLD+DWL\DXPLOLNL
ZD$UGKL5LJKWRI2FFXSDQF\
0DEDGLOLNR KD\D \DPHSXQJX]D XUDVLPX QD PORORQJR ZD
PDMLELVKDQR NDWL \D NDPLVKD ZD DUGKL QD PZRPEDML 9LOHYLOH
PDEDGLOLNR KD\D \DQDPQ\LPD PZRPEDML KDNL \D NZHQGD
PDKDNDPDQL NXVKWDNL .DPLVKQD ZD DUGKL SDOH DQDSRFKHOHZHVKD
NXPSDWLDPZRPEDMLKDWLPLOLNL
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Q\XPEDNZDNXKLPL]DZDWXZDRPEHDUGKLQDNXSDWLZDNZDPXGD
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3.6 Kugawa au kuhamisha haki ya kumiliki ardhi
6KHULD LQDHOH]D NXZD PWX \H\RWH DQD\HWDND NXWRD KDNL \DNH \D
NXPLOLNL DUGKL DQDZDMLELND NXWRD QRWLVL NZD NXMD]D IRPX QD



MUHIMU:

3.7

Kuweka ardhi rehani

HAKI NA WAJIBU WA MWEKA REHANI (MKOPAJI )

0DEDGLOLNR\DOL\ROHWZDQD6KHULD\D0LNRSR\D8MHQ]LZD1\XPED
NDWLNDUHKDQLQLNZDPED
6KHULD LQDPSDWLD PNRSDML MXNXPX OD NZDQ]D OD NXGKLKLULVKD
NZDPNRSHVKDMLNDPD\H\HDPHRDDXODQDNZDPEDPZHQ]L
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QGLSR PNRSHVKDML DQDZH]D DNDFKXNXD KDWXD Q\LQJLQH]R
NXWKLELWLVKDPDHOH]RKD\R
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PNRSR NZD PDGDL NXZD NLDSR KLFKR NLPHWRND NZD
PZDQDQGRDDXPWXPZLQJLQHZDSHPEHQLPZHQ\HKDNLQD
DUGKL LQD\RZHNZD UHKDQL EDVL PNRSHVKDML KDWDNXZD QD
VDEDEX\DNXHQGHOHDNXWDIXWDQDNXMLULGKLVKDNXKXVXXNZHOL
ZDMDPERKLOL
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DX PWX \H\RWH DPEDH DQDKXVLND NDWLND $UGKL KL\R DWDNXZD
DPHWHQGD NRVD OD MLQDL QD DGKDEX \DNH LWDNXZD NXOLSD NLDVL
NLVLFKRSXQJXD QXVX \D PNRSR DOL\RFKXNXD DX NLIXQJR
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PQDGD
,ZDSR PNRSDML DWDVKLQGZD NXUHMHVKD IHGKD DOL]RNRSD EDVL
PNRSHVKDMLDQDZH]D





.XWHXD PWX ZD NXNXVDQ\D SDWR OLWRNDQDOR QD DUGKL

LOL\RZHNZDUHKDQL



.XSDQJLVKDDUGKLLOL\RZHNZDUHKDQL



.XLVKLNDWLNDDUGKLLOL\RZHNZDUHKDQL



.XLX]DDUGKLLOL\RZHNZDUHKDQL,ZDSRDUGKLLOL\RZHNZD
UHKDQLQLDUGKL\DNLMLMLQDPNRSHVKDMLDNDDPXDNXLX]D
DUGKLKL\RQLOD]LPDLX]ZHNZD
D

0ZDQDNLMLMLDXNXQGLODZDQDNLMLML

E

.ZD+DOPDVKDXUL\D.LMLML

F

.ZD PWX DPED\H VL PZDQDNLMLML DOL\HLGKLQLVKZD

QD+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLML

$PUL \D PDKDNDPD QL OD]LPD LWROHZH SDOH PNRSHVKDML

DQDSRWDNDNXX]DPDOL]LIXDWD]R
L

$UGKLNZDDMLOL\DXIXJDML

LL

3DOHDPEDSRNXLWZDDDUGKLNZDDPDQLQLYLJXPX

ANGALIZO
KUUZA NYUMBA ILIYOWEKWA REHANI
7RIDXWLQDVKHULD\D]DPDQLDPEDSRPNRSHVKDMLKDNXWDNLZDDX]H
Q\XPEDLOL\RZHNZDUHKDQLELODNLEDOLFKDPDKDNDPDLZDSRQ\XPED
KL\RQLQ\XPED\DNXLVKLDXDUGKLNZDDMLOL\DNLOLPR6KHULD\DVDVD
NDPDLOLY\RUHNHELVKZDQDVKHULD\DPLNRSR\DXMHQ]LZDQ\XPED
\DPZDNDLQDPSDXZH]RPNRSHVKDMLNXX]DQ\XPEDDXDUGKL
\D PNRSDML EDDGD \D NXLVKD PXGD ZD QRWLVL KDWD NDPD Q\XPED
LQD\RX]ZDQL\DNXLVKLDXQLDUGKL\DNLOLPR
0NRSHVKDMLKDUXKXVLZLNXMLX]LDDUGKLDXQ\XPEDLOL\RZHNZD
GKDPDQD+DWDKLY\RDNLWDNDNXMLX]LD
L
LL

/D]LPDLZHNZDUXKXVD\DPDKDNDPD
$QXQXHNXSLWLDPQDGDZDKDGKDUDQDDZHQDGDXODMXX
NXOLNRZRWH



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HQHRKLOR+DWDKLY\ROD]LPD]L]LQJDWLHKDNL]DZDKXVLND
.XWRNDQDQDPDEDGLOLNR\DOL\RZHNZDQD6KHULD\D0LNRSR\D
8MHQ]LZD1\XPED\DPZDND7KH0RUWJDJHDQG)LQDQF
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MUHIMU
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WRIDXWL QD \D PQDGD ZD KDGKDUD DQDWDNLZD NXWRD QRWLVL \D VLNX
]LVL]R SXQJXD NXPL WX NZD PNRSDML DX PWX \H\RWH PZHQ\H KDNL
NDWLNDQ\XPEDKL\R1DVKHULDLQDPSDWLDKDNLPQXQX]LZDQ\XPED
LOL\RZHNZD UHKDQL NXLQJLD QD NXDQ]D NXLPLOLNL Q\XPED KL\R PDUD
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UHKDQLQL\DWKDPDQL\DNXWRVKDNLDVLFKDNZDPEDKDWDLNLFKHOHZD
NXX]ZD EDVL GHQL OLWDZH]D NXILGLZD QD IDLQL \D NXFKHOHZD SLD
LWDOLSZDSLQGLDPEDSRLWDX]ZD
3.8
Ukodishaji na upangaji
6KHULDSLDLQDUXKXVXPWXNXNRGLVKDNXSDQJLVKDDUGKLDXPDMHQJR
DX NXWRD DUGKL NZD OHVHQL NZD PXGD PDDOXP ,ZDSR \XOH
DOL\HSDQJDDUGKLDXPDMHQJRKDNXWLPL]DPDVKDUWL\DXSDQJDML\XOH
PZHQ\HDUGKL\DNHDQDZH]DNXPSDPSDQJDMLQRWLVL\DVLNXQD
VLNX KL]R ]LNLLVKD ELOD NXUHNHELVKD NDVRUR LOL\RMLWRNH]D EDVL
PSDQJDMLDWDSDVZDNXKDPDNDWLNDQ\XPEDKL\R



4.0

SHERIA YA ARDHI YA VIJIJI SURA YA 114 (KAMA SHERIA

ZILIVYOREKEBISHWA MWAKA 2002)

.ZDXMXPODVKHULDKLLLPHZHNHZDXWDUDWLEXPS\DZDXPLOLNDMLDUGKL
YLMLMLQLNZDVDEDEXKDSRDZDOLKDSDNXZHSRQDVKHULDLOL\RSLWLVKZD
QD EXQJH LOL NXVLPDPLD DUGKL LOL\RNR YLMLMLQL +LL QL NXWRNDQD QD
XPXKLPX ZD DUGKL NDPD LQDY\RHOH]ZD NZHQ\H 6HUD \D 7DLID \D
$UGKL\D0ZDNDNXZD$UGKL\RWHLQDWKDPDQLLZH\DYLMLMLQLDX
PLMLQLQDLZHLPHHQGHOH]ZDDXOD
4.1 Ardhi ya kijiji ni ipi?
6KHULD KLL LPHIDIDQXD NZD NLQD PDVXDOD PEDOLPEDOL \DQD\RKXVX
DUGKL\DNLMLML.ZDPXMLEXZDVKHULDKLLDUGKL\DNLMLMLQL
$UGKL LOL\R QGDQL \D PLSDND \D YLMLML YLOLY\RVDMLOLZD FKLQL \D
6KHULD\D6HULNDOL]D0LWDD0DPODND]D:LOD\DVXUD\D
NDPD VKHULD ]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZD PZDND  QD YLMLML
YLOLY\RKXVLVKZDFKLQL\D6KHULD\D0DND]L\DPZDND
$UGKLDPED\RLPHPLOLNLZDQDZDQDNLMLLNZDPXGDZDPLDND
DX]DLGLNDEOD\DNXDQ]DNXWXPLND6KHULD\D$UGKL\DYLMLML
VXUD\DNDPDVKHULD]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZDPZDND
$UGKLDPED\R5DLVDPHLEDGLOLVKDNXWRNDNXZDDUGKL\DMXPOD
DX\DKLIDGKLQDNXZDDUGKL\DNLMLML5DLVKXIDQ\DKLY\RNZD
NXPZHOHNH]D ZD]LUL DQD\HKXVLND NXWDQJD]D QD NXLWDDULIX
+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLML
4.2 Mgawanyo wa ardhi ya kijiji
6KHULD \D DUGKL \D 9LMLML LPHLJDZD DUGKL \D NLMLML NDWLND PDNXQGL
PDWDWXQD\RQL
$UGKLLOL\RNDOLZDQDNXWXPLZDQDPWXIDPLOLDDXNLNXQGLFKD
ZDWXNZDPXMLEXZDVKHULD]DNLPLOD
$UGKL\DSDPRMDDPED\R+DOPDVKDXUL\D.LMLMLLWDSHQGHNH]D
NZD NXSLWLD PNXWDQR ZD NLMLML PDHQHR QD PDNXVXGLR \D
PDHQHRKD\R
$UGKL \D PDND]L DX PDWXPL]L \D MXPXL\D DPED\R LQDZH]D
NXWROHZDNZDQMLD\DPJDRQD+DOPDVKDXUL\D.LMLML



4.3 Nafasi ya mwanamke katika kumiliki ardhi ya kijiji

.DPD LOLY\RHOH]ZD KDSR DZDOL NDWLND PLVLQJL PLNXX \D 6KHULD ]D
$UGKLVKHULDKLLSLDLPHZDSDZDQDZDNHKDNLNDWLNDNXPLOLNLDUGKL
NLPLOD KDNL DPED\R KDSR DZDOL LOLNXZD KDLSR QD NDPD LOLNXZHSR
EDVLQLNDWLNDEDDGKL\DPLODQDGHVWXULDPED]RWXQDZH]DNXVHPD
QL Q]XUL MDSRNXZD QL FKDFKH VDQD .DWLND NXHOH]D QL MLQVL JDQL QD
NZDNLZDQJRJDQLPZDQDPNHDPHSHZDQDIDVLNDWLNDNXPLOLNLDUGKL
\DNLMLMLQLYL]XULNXDQJDOLDVHKHPXNXXWDWX]DVKHULDKLLDPED]R
]LQDIDIDQXDMXX\D
8WXPLNDMLZDPLVLQJL\DVHUD\D7DLID\D$UGKL
8WDZDOD QD XVLPDPL]L ZD DUGKL \D YLMLML LNLZD QL SDPRMD QD
XWRDMLQDXVLPDPL]LZDKDNL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKL.LPLOD
8VXOXKLVKLXQDRKXVXDUGKLQDPIXPRZDXWDWX]LZDPLJRJRUR
\DDUGKLYLMLMLQL
4.4 Utumikaji wa sera ya Taifa ya Ardhi
.DWLND NXKDNLNLVKD QDIDVL \D PZDQDPNH NXPLOLNL DUGKL \D NLMLML
NLIXQJXFKDFKD6KHULD\D$UGKL\D.LMLMLNLQDHOH]DZD]LNXZD
KDNL \D NLOD PZDQDPNH NDWLND NXSDWD NXWXPLD QD NXJDZD DUGKL
LWDNXZD VDZD QD NZD PDVKDUWL \DOH \DOH NDPD LOLY\R NZD
PZDQDXPH6KHULDKLLLQDRQHVKDZD]LNXZDKDNXWDNXZDQDWRIDXWL
\R\RWHNDWLNDKDNLMXX\DPDVXDOD\DDUGKLNZDMLQVL]RWH
4.5

Utawala na Usimamizi wa ardhi ya kijiji

Halmashauri ya Kijiji
&KLQL \D VKHULD KLL PDVXDOD \D XVLPDPL]L ZD DUGKL \D NLMLML
\DPHZHNZD PLNRQRQL PZD +DOPDVKDXUL \D .LMLML DPED\R
LPHXQGZDNZDPXMLEXZD6KHULD]D6HULNDOL]D0LWDD0DPODND]D
:LOD\DVXUD\D NDPD VKHULD ]LOLY\RUHNHELVKZD PZDND
+DOPDVKDXUL \D .LMLML LWDIDQ\D VKXJKXOL KL\R NDPD PVLPDPL]L ZD
ZDQDNLMLMLDPEDRQGLRZDQXIDLVKZD+LY\REDVLZDQDZDNHOD]LPD
ZDHOHZHNZDPEDZDQD\RQDIDVLNXEZDNDWLNDNXVLPDPLDDUGKL\D
YLMLMLY\DRLZDSRZDWDNXZDZDMXPEHZD%DUD]DOD$UGKLOD.LMLML



Mkutano Mkuu wa Kijiji

3LDVKHULDKLLLQDHOH]DNXZD+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLMLKDLZH]LNXPSDDX
NXPJDZLDPWX\H\RWH\XOHKDNL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKLNLPLODELODNXSDWD
NLEDOL FKD 0NXWDQR 0NXX ZD .LMLML 1L NZD PDQWLNL KL\R EDVL
ZDQDZDNHZDQD\RQDIDVLQ]XULNZDNXSLWLD0NXWDQR0NXXZD.LMLML
DPEDRZDQDZH]DNXVLPDPLDXWRDMLZDKDWL]DNXPLOLNLDUGKLNLPLOD
+LL LQDZDZH]HVKD NXKDNLNLVKD NXZD KDNL LQDWHQGHND ZDNDWL ZD
NXJDZDDUGKL6LKLY\RWXSLDNDWLNDNLODPNXWDQRZDNDZDLGDQD
0NXWDQR0NXXZDNLMLML+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLMLLQDWDNLZDNXWRDWDDULID
QD NXSRNHD PDRQL \D ZDQDNLMLML MXX \D XWDZDOD QD XVLPDPL]L ZD
DUGKL\DNLMLML
Kamati ya Maamuzi ya Kijiji
6KHULD KLL LPHLSD .DPDWL ZDMLEX ZD NXWDPEXD DUGKL \D NLMLML QD
PLSDND\DNHNXWHQJDQDNXZHNDDNLED\DDUGKLQDNXWRDPLSDND
\DKDNL\DQMLDQDKDNL]LQJLQH]DNXWXPLDQMLDDPED]RLWD]LRQDQL
PXKLPX NZD XPLOLNL ERUD ZD DUGKL 3LD LQD MXNXPX OD NXOLQGD
PDVODKL \D ZDQDZDNH ZDWRWR ZDOHPDYX QD ZDQDNLMLML
ZDVLRNXZHSRNLMLMLQL
MUHIMU:
.DWLND XVLPDPL]L ZD DUGKL \D NLMLML VKHULD KLL QGL\R
LWDND\RWXPLNDNDWLNDXPLOLNDMLZDDUGKLNLPLODQDNZDPEDSDOH
DPEDSR VKHULD KLL KDLNR ZD]L DX KDNXQD VKHULD Q\LQJLQH
LOL\RWXQJZD QD %XQJH LQD\RKXVX KLOR VXDOD EDVL 6KHULD ]D
NLPLOD]LWDWXPLND
6KHULD KLL LPHZHND ED\DQD NDWLND NLIXQJX FKD  NXZD
VKHULD]DNLPLOD]LWDND]RWXPLNDQLOD]LPD]LHQGDQHQDPLVLQJL
\D 6HUD \D 7DLID \D $UGKL PLVLQJL \D KDNL ]D ELQDGDPX
SDPRMDQDVKHULDQ\LQJLQH]D%XQJH]LVL]R]DNLEDJX]L



6KHULD ]D .LPLOD ]LWDNXZD QL EDWLOL QD KD]LWDWXPLND ZDOD

NXSHZD X]LWR ZRZRWH QD +DOPDVKDXUL \D NLMLML DX 0NXWDQR
0NXXZDNLMLMLLZDSR]LWDNXZD]LQDPQ\LPDPZDQDPNHDXPWX
\H\RWH PZHQ\H PDXPELOH WRIDXWL KDNL \DNH \D NLVKHULD \D
NXSDWDNXPLOLNLDXNXWXPLDDUGKL
6LRWXNZDPEDNLSHQJHOHKLNLNLQDPOLQGDPZDQDPNHGKLGL\D
6KHULD ]D .LPLOD DPED]R QL ]D NLEDJX]L EDOL SLD NLQDPSD
QDIDVLPZDQDPNHNXZH]DNXKDNLNLVKDNXZDPLODQDGHVWXUL
]D NLEDJX]L ]LQD]RP\LPD PZDQDPNH KDNL \D NXPLOLNL DUGKL
NLPLOD]LQDDFKZDQDKDWDNXWRNRPH]ZDNDELVD
4.6 Nani anaweza kuomba umiliki wa ardhi ya kijiji?
.DPDLOLY\RHOH]ZDKDSRDZDOLVKHULDKLLLPHZHNDED\DQDNXZD
L
0ZDQDPNH DX PZDQDXPH \H\RWH DPED\H QL PZDQDNLMLML
PZHQ\H XPUL ZD PLDND  QD NXHQGHOHD DQDZH]D NXRPED
KDWL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKL\DNLMLML
LL 0WX\H\RWH\XOHDXIDPLOLD\R\RWHLOHDXKDWDNLNXQGLFKRFKRWH
FKD ZDWX NLQDFKRWDPEXOLND FKLQL \D VKHULD \D PLOD DX
DPEDFKRNLPHMLXQJDNDPDFKDPDFKD8VKLULND
LLL

0WX \H\RWH DPED\H DPHROHZD QD NXDFKLND DX DPHRQGRND

NLMLMLQL KDSR NZD ]DLGL \D PLDND PLZLOL QD PZDQDQGRD
PZHQ]DNH DOLNXZD PZDQDNLMLML NDEOD \D NXIXQJD QGRD QD
ZRWHQLUDLDZD7DQ]DQLDDQDZH]DNXRPEDKDNL\DNXPLOLNL
DUGKL NLMLMLQL +LL LQDRQHVKD QD NXZHND ZD]L QDIDVL \D
PZDQDPNHNXSDWDDUGKLNDWLNDNLMLMLFKDNHQDKDWDNDWLNDNLMLML
DPEDFKRPXPHZHDOLNXZD0ZDQDNLMLMLNDEOD\DQGRD\DR

LY

0WX\H\RWHDXNLNXQGLFKRFKRWHFKDZDWXDPEDRVLZDQDNLMLML
ZDQDZH]DNXRPEDKDNL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKL\DNLMLMLLODQLOD]LPD
ZDZH QD ZDGKDPLQL ZDVLRSXQJXD ZDWDQR DPEDR QL
ZDQDNLMLMLQDZDRQHVKHQLD\DNXDQ]LVKDPDND]L\DNXGXPX
NDWLND NLMLML KLFKR QGDQL \D NLSLQGL FKD PLH]L PLZLOL WDQJX
ZDNXEDOLZHRPELODR



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UDLDZDQDZH]DNXRPEDKDNL\DNXPLOLNLDUGKL\DNLMLMLLOD
QLOD]LPDZDZHQDNLEDOLFKDXZHNH]DML

MUHIMU:
.DWLNDNXKDNLNLVKDNXZDPZDQDPNHDQDQDIDVLVDZDNDWLNDNXSDWD
DUGKL VKHULD KLL LPHHOH]D ZD]L NXZD NDWLND NXWROHD PDDPX]L
PDRPEL \R\RWH \D KDNL \D NXPLOLNL DUGKL NLPLOD EDUD]D OD NLMLML
OLWDIDQ\D KLY\R NZD NX]LQJDWLD XVDZD ZD ZDWX ZRWH NDPD YLOH
NX\DSDXDPX]LVDZDPDRPELWRNDNZDPZDQDPNHDXNLNXQGLFKD
ZDQDZDNH QD \DOH \DQD\RWRND NZD PZDQDXPH DX NLNXQGL FKD
ZDQDXPH
6KHULD KLL VL NZDPED LQDPSD PZDQDPNH QDIDVL VDZD QD
PZDQDXPH NDWLND NXSHZD DUGKL WX EDOL SLD LQDPOLQGD GKLGL \D
XEDJX]LZRZRWHDPEDRXQDZH]DNXIDQ\ZDGKLGL\DNH
4.7 Utaratibu wa kuomba umiliki wa ardhi ya vijiji
6KHULDLPHZHNDXWDUDWLEXZDNXSHOHNDPDRPEL\DNXRPEDXPLOLNL
ZDDUGKL\DYLMLML8WDUDWLEXKXRQLNDPDLIXDWDY\R

0ZRPEDMLZDRPEDMLZDWDMD]DIRPXQDNXLVDLQL


2PEL KLOL OLDPEDWDQLVKZH QD WDPNR NXKXVX DUGKL

Q\LQJLQHDPED\RPZRPEDMLDQDLPLOLNLKDSDQFKLQL



0ZRPEDMLZDRPEDMLZDWRHPDHOH]RQDQ\DUDND]LQJLQH
]LWDND]RWDNLZDQD+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLML



.DPDZDRPEDMLQLNLNXQGLNLQDFKRWDPEXOLNDNZDPXMLEX
ZD VKHULD \D NLPLOD IRPX LVDLQLZH QD ZDWX
ZDVLRSXQJXD ZDZLOL ZDQDRWDPEXOLND NDPD ZDNXX DX
YLRQJR]LZDNLNXQGLKLFKR



0DOLSR \DDPEDWDQLVKZH QD IRPX \D PDRPEL QD

PZRPEDMLZDRPEDMLZDSDWLZHVWDNDEDGKL\DPDOLSR





0ZRPEDMLZDRPEDML ZDVLR ZHQ\HML ZD NLMLML KLFKR

ZDDPEDWDQLVKHPDHOH]RNXKXVXPLSDQJR\DR\DXMHQ]L
ZDPDND]L\DNXGXPXQGDQL\DPLH]LPLWDWXEDDGD\D
NXSDWD KDNL \D NXPLOLNL DUGKL QD NLOD IRPX LVDLQLZH QD
ZDQDNLMLMLZDVLRSXQJXDZDWDQRDPEDRKDZDQDXQGXJX
QDPZRPEDML



0DRPEL\DZDVLOLVKZHNZD+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLMLDXDILVD
PZHQ\HPDPODND



0DDPX]L \D PDRPEL NXNXEDOLZD DX NXNDWDOLZD

\DQDWDNLZD \DWROHZH QGDQL \D VLNX  WDQJX PDRPEL
\DOLY\RSRNHOHZDQD+DOPDVKDXUL\DNLMLML

4.8 Kurejesha, kugawa au kuhamisha haki ya kumiliki Ardhi

6KHULDLPHZDSDZDWXXKXUXZDNXSHOHNDPDRPELNZHQ\HEDUD]D
OD DUGKL OD NLMLML HQGDSR ZDQDWDND NXJDZD DX NXKDPLVKD KDNL \D
NXPLOLNLDUGKL+DWDKLY\RNDWLNDNXILNLULDPDRPEL\DPWXELQDIVL\D
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MAKOSA YA JINAI YALIYOAINISHWA NA SHERIA ZA

ARDHI

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Adhabu
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3.

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